El cuidado de los ancianos en el entorno familiar : valoración de los recursos de apoyo mediante grupos de discusión

Introduction: in the present study several collectives with knowledge of the reality of family care of the elderly assessed several socia and healthcare resources and suggested several possibilities for improvement. Method: four discussion groups were used as a data collection technique. The groups were composed of caregivers, representatives-users of associations for the elderly, experts in geriatrics, and social services professionals. Results: the various discussion groups positively evaluated the Home Help Service, the Support Teams of the Home Service Programs, Interdisciplinary Community Health Workers Units, Daytime Care Centres, and the Family Rest Programme but suggested some changes to all of them. The discussion groups also indicated the need to improve the material, economic and emotional assistance given to caregivers and asked for training, institutional coordination, anddissemination of information about available resources and assistance. Conclusions: some changes are required to improve the current social and health resources available to families caring for the elderly within the family unit. Among the suggestions for improvement proposed by the participants, many are useful and could easily be applied, whereas others provide an interesting starting point for debate and reflection. Knowledge and understanding of the situation of caregiving families, based on their own experiences and those of the people who know them, is in itself sufficient to initiate and implement changes to provide resources appropriate to their needs

Mediación familiar internacional : su utilidad en la sustracción internacional de menores

En l’última dècada, a causa de la globalització, han augmentat, notablement, els matrimonis entre membres de diverses nacionalitats. Si aquestes parelles entren en conflicte i els menors es veuen involucrats, a part de la complexitat habitual de qualsevol controvèrsia familiar, el component internacional dificultarà encara més la situació, podent arribar a desembocar en una sostracció internacional de menors. Generalment, recórrer als tribunals no va a implicar que els desitjos de ambdues parts es satisfacin. S’ha provat que, per a aquests casos, la mediació familiar es un mètode molt eficaç que ofereix a les parts l’oportunitat de resoldre conjuntament el seus conflictes de forma satisfactòria. Principalment, perquè pot facilitar el retorn voluntari y pacífic del menor sostret així com arribar a aconseguir un acord a llarg termini sobre la residència del menor y els drets de custòdia i visites després de la restitució d’aquest.

Especial Les Rambles

Since we routinely put questions forward for discussion that involve urban planning in Barcelona, let's begin with one that might seem too obvious: What to do about its main street? We solicited the views of 13 professional architects and geographers who have some connection to the Rambla, either because they live or work nearby or once did professionals, in other words, who are intimately familiar with it. The range of their responses surprised us. Issues like making the Rambla car-free or the street's physical design, recurring themes in recent years, here take a back seat. Instead, questions about underlying urban structures and street-level uses come up repeatedly

Experiència dels cuidadors i les cuidadores principals informals que tenen cura d'un familiar vell amb demència des de fa més de quatre anys

El treball que es presenta vol respondre la pregunta de quina és l’experiència dels cuidadors i les cuidadores principals informals que tenen cura d’un familiar vell amb demència des de fa més de 4 anys. Després de plantejar les hipòtesis de partida, es defineixen els objectius generals i específics i s’expliquen l’interès, la justificació, la rellevància i l’aportació d’aquest estudi. En l’apartat corresponent a l’estat de la qüestió i la fonamentació conceptual, després de fer una revisió bibliogràfica, es descriuen els elements que formen part d’aquesta temàtica: perfils dels receptors de cures i de les cuidadores, significat de tenir cura, vida quotidiana i qualitat de vida i descripció del model conceptual de Virginia Henderson. En el capítol següent s’exposen la metodologia, el paradigma i el mètode d’investigació utilitzats en aquest treball, així com les matrius d’anàlisi del contingut i del discurs. A partir d’aquí s’exposen els resultats en funció dels objectius plantejats. En la discussió, s’analitzen i s’interpreten les dades obtingudes i es contraposen amb altres estudis, a més de fer-se una reflexió personal sobre els aprenentatges adquirits i una proposta de línies de treball futures. A continuació s’exposen unes conclusions per resumir la informació obtinguda. En la secció de referències bibliogràfiques es detallen les fonts consultades, i en els annexos hi consten els models d’entrevista i de matriu per a l’anàlisi de dades, el full de consentiment informat, així com el buidatge i l’anàlisi de les entrevistes.

Experiència dels excuidadors i excuidadores principals informals que han tingut cura d'un familiar vell amb demència després de la seva mort

El treball aquí exposat té com a objectiu conèixer i comprendre l’experiència dels excuidadors i excuidadores principals informals que han tingut cura d’un familiar vell amb demència després de la seva mort. Es plantegen les hipòtesis i els objectius generals i específics. S’hi exposa també, la justificació del tema, l’interès, la rellevància a nivell social i professional, i la seva aportació en el món de la salut. En l’apartat de l’estat de la qüestió i la fonamentació conceptual, després d’una revisió bibliogràfica sobre el tema, es descriuen els diferents apartats que formen part del marc teòric: perfil de la persona gran dement que rep cures informals , el perfil dels cuidadors/es, les conseqüències de tenir cura d’una persona dement, l’estat dels excuidadors/es després de la mort del familiar vell amb demència i el procés de dol. El segon apartat inclou la metodologia, i el mètode d’investigació. A més, inclou les matrius d’anàlisi del contingut i del discurs, i es plantegen els resultats en funció dels objectius marcats. En la discussió, a partir de les dades obtingudes, es realitza la seva anàlisi, s’interpreta el resultat i es contraposa amb altres estudis consultats. Finalment s’exposen les conclusions per resumir la informació obtinguda i la metodologia utilitzada. Es realitza una reflexió sobre els aprenentatges adquirits i les aportacions del treball i s’apunten noves vies de recerca. En les referències bibliogràfiques s’especifiquen les fonts consultades i en els annexos hi consten els models d’entrevista i de matriu per a l’anàlisi de dades, el full de consentiment informat i també el buidatge i l’anàlisi de les entrevistes.

La desigualdad en el consumo familiar. Diferencias de género en la España contemporánea (1850-1930)

In the last few years, Economic Theory has revised two basic ideas around the economics of the household: that family income is the result of the individual income of each of its members (income pooling), and that all family members living in the household have equal access to its resources. Unequal access to family resources (among women and men, on the one hand, and among the elderly, adults and children, on the other), is now understood as an input (for instance, that women eat less food and of worst quality than men), and as an output (for instance that women have poorer health, higher epidemic mortality, or are less tall than men as a result, among other things, of having received less food and poorer medical care, and/or of a heavier workload). Despite the fact that inequality in intra‐family consumption has become the center of attention in academic and international agencies, it can still not be found in the agenda of Economic History. In this paper we look at some of the resources consumed by Spanish families in the 19th century: food, alcoholic beverages, clothes and shoes. Medical topographies, our main source, suggest that unequal access to family resources among household members had a strong impact on their health and wellbeing.

Sales and Operations Planning Implementation

The master’s thesis focused on implementing a sales and operations planning process. The main objectives were to create planning methods and tools for the implementation. The ultimate goal of the process, beyond this master’s thesis, is to balance the supply of products with customer demand, with optimized profitability. The theoretical part focused on giving a thorough view on the sales and operations planning process. The basis for a monthly planning cycle was identified. Methods, tools, and metrics for demand forecasting and operations planning were also introduced. Based on the theoretical part, a method for forecasting, a forecast spreadsheet, and a forecast accuracy metric were designed. A spreadsheet tool and methods were also designed for the monthly planning of production volumes, capacity, and inventory. The implementation progress was reviewed for two product families for three months. The sales and operations planning process was able to successfully identify a demand peak for the product families. Suggestions for the future of sales and operations planning were also made.

Evolució familiar

Ja fa temps que es parla del futur de la família tradicional, però sembla que darrerament aquest tema ha adquirit una especial rellevància, i fins i tot un partit polític ha proposat la creació d'un ministeri de la família i afers socials. La família és la institució social més antiga de la humanitat, anterior a la nostra pròpia espècie, i la seva estructura ha anat canviant al llarg del temps adaptant-se a les diverses situacions. Segons l'antropologia cultural, una família és una unitat social i econòmica formada com a mínim per un o més progenitors i els seus fills [...].

Production Cycle Optimization: Defining the Market Potential for a New Planning Tool

An optimization tool has been developed to help companies to optimize their production cycles and thus improve their overall supply chain management processes. The application combines the functionality that traditional APS (Advanced Planning System) and ARP (Automatic Replenishment Program) systems provide into one optimization run. A qualitative study was organized to investigate opportunities to expand the product’s market base. Twelve personal interviews were conducted and the results were collected in industry specific production planning analyses. Five process industries were analyzed to identify the product’s suitability to each industry sector and the most important product development areas. Based on the research the paper and the plastic film industries remain the most potential industry sectors at this point. To be successful in other industry sectors some product enhancements would be required, including capabilities to optimize multiple sequential and parallel production cycles, handle sequencing of complex finishing operations and to include master planning capabilities to support overall supply chain optimization. In product sales and marketing processes the key to success is to find and reach the people who are involved directly with the problems that the optimization tool can help to solve.

Planning and ramping up a new SW Testing site

During recent years, mobile phone markets have changed significantly. Asian markets have become vital for the manufacturers with their millions of end users and multiple major mobile network operators. This has resulted in software development as global companies have research and development sites running in multiple locations, including Asia. The reasons behind this are not only in reducing labor costs but also in capitalizing on the local knowledge and knowhow. A ramp-up site has multiple effects in the software development and software release activities. This thesis focuses on representing the importance of software testing as part of software development process and highlighting issues that need to be considered during ramp-up activities. In addition this work tries to emphasize the importance of communication between parties and information gathering prior to setting up the ramp-up site. The output of this thesis was successful software testing site ramp-up within the set time limits. The quality of software testing work was assured and the ramp-up -project requirements were achieved.

Developing a Comprehensive Model for Marketing Planning — Combining the Major Approaches

Mix marketing and relationships marketing are two major approaches that often form a basis for organizational marketing planning. The superiority of these approaches has been debated for long without any rational conclusion. Lately there have been studies indicating that both of the major approaches are many times used side by side in marketing planning. There have been also studies suggesting that even combining the mix marketing and relationship marketing approaches might be possible. The aim of this thesis is to provide knowledge about the usage of mix marketing and relationship marketing approaches in organizations and possibilities in combining the approaches. Also a settlement of strengths, weaknesses and risks of combining is intended to provide. The objectives were met through the literature and a case study research. In the case study, interviews were conducted in order to gain a deeper knowledge about marketing planning in various organizations. Based on this study, the combining of the major marketing approaches will be possible and even recommended when keeping in mind few aspects which might cause some troubles in the combining process.

Production planning development in global manufacturing company

Larox Corporation is a provider of full service filtration in solid and liquid separation. Larox develops, designs, manufactures and supplies industrial filters. By Larox’s continuous development principle, a project for more efficient production was started. At the same time production planning was taken under review. Aim for this Master’s thesis was to find software designed for production planning purposes replacement for old Microsoft Excel based method. In this Master’s thesis current way of production planning was thoroughly analyzed and improvement targets were specified and also requirements for new software were assigned. Primary requirements for new software were possibility to production scheduling, planning, follow-up and also for long-time capacity planning and tracking. Also one demand was that new software should have data link to Larox’s current ERP-system. Result of this Master’s thesis was to start using Larox’s ERP-system also for production planning purposes. New mode of operation fulfils all requirements which were placed to new system. By using new method of production planning, production planners can get more easier and reliable data than from current system.

Experiência da atenção integral à saúde individual e familiar com enfoque na responsabilização, vínculo médico-paciente, ética e profissionalismo no Currículo Médico Integrado

INTRODUÇÃO: Visando atualizar suas práticas pedagógicas, atender as exigências da comunidade, da reestruturação do sistema de saúde e os avanços tecnológicos, a Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas implementou uma grande reforma curricular para alunos ingressantes de 2001. OBJETIVO: Descrever uma experiência de ensino voltada à integração dos conhecimentos para atenção aos indivíduos nas diversas fases da vida, dentro da realidade de assistência primária à saúde, com ênfase no conhecimento, nas habilidades clínicas, na responsabilização e nas atitudes humanísticas e éticas. MÉTODOS: No novo currículo, a integração intra, inter e transdisciplinar foi estruturada em módulos interdepartamentais, inserção progressiva das disciplinas clínicas, contato mais cedo e progressivo do aluno com a sistema de saúde, preservando módulos integradores horizontais e verticais. A iniciação da prática clínica em Centros de Saúde tem, no quarto ano, 432 horas destinada a atendimentos clínico-ambulatoriais de assistência à criança, à mulher, ao adulto e ao idoso num contexto de saúde da família. A supervisão é realizada por professores, médicos assistentes da Faculdade e tutores selecionados entre os profissionais da rede primária de saúde. O Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde Pró-Saúde facilitou a inserção e a parceria do curso de medicina com as UBS. O conteúdo teórico é integrado em seminários ministrados em dois períodos semanais e avaliado por meio de provas teóricas (conhecimento cognitivo). As habilidades e competências nas atividades clínicas são avaliadas por meio de discussões teórico-práticas quinzenais ao longo do estágio, avaliações clínicas estruturadas de atendimentos à criança, mulher e adulto, além da composição de portfólio com planilha de atendimentos totais, casos selecionados para revisão e auto-crítica de aprendizado. RESULTADOS: O módulo foi avaliado na forma de fóruns semestrais de discussão, com participação de discentes, docentes, tutores e gestores. Os grupos foram unânimes em considerar plenamente atingidos os objetivos de responsabilização, vínculo e ética, e parcialmente atingida a integração dos conteúdos teórico-práticos e trabalho em equipe. CONCLUSÃO: O currículo integrado propiciou uma visão clínica abrangente da família. Permitiu que o estudante se responsabilizasse e criasse vínculo com o paciente, entendendo a resolutividade e demandas da atenção básica à saúde por meio de sua vivência.