Esporos de Clostridium botulinum em mel comercializado no Estado de São Paulo e em outros Estados brasileiros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fatores intervenientes na competitividade dos portos brasileiros: um estudo de caso no Nordeste

A competitividade portuária intensificou-se a partir dos anos 1980/90, influenciada pelo aumento no comércio internacional e pelas reformas portuárias que se seguiram. Entre os fatores que a determinam, há alguns que estão acima do poder de atuação de um dado porto, como a concessão de subsídios governamentais em portos de países ou estados concorrentes. Consideram-se três áreas em que um porto pode atuar para modificar sua posição competitiva: infra-estrutura, operações e facilitação ao comércio através do porto. Foi realizada uma pesquisa sobre trinta e oito fatores intervenientes na competitividade dos portos, agrupados em seis conjuntos, relacionados dois a dois às três áreas mencionadas. A pesquisa examinou a relevância dos trinta e oito fatores para a competitividade portuária através de questionários apresentados a sessenta usuários de portos nordestinos com vinculação passada, presente ou potencial pelo porto de Natal. Complementarmente pesquisou a opinião desses usuários sobre a competitividade dos cinco portos inseridos no estudo de caso: Fortaleza (CE), Natal (RN), Pecém (CE), Salvador (BA) e Suape (PE). Os resultados obtidos destacaram a importância conferida pelos usuários à agilidade na liberação aduaneira, a fatores relacionados à utilização de contêineres e ao calado do porto. Os usuários foram consultados entre abril e maio de 2004 e consideraram Pecém (CE) como o porto mais competitivo entre os cinco

Análise crítica dos produtos de mobilidade sentada - cadeiras de rodas - utilizados por crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral em Natal/RN e outros municípios do Rio Grande do Norte

The objective of this work is to critically analyze the seated mobility adaptive equipment, wheelchair, used by non-ambulatory children/adolescents diagnosed with cerebral palsy of the quadriplegy type with ages in between 0-18 years old in the municipal city of Natal/RN and of other ones in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This study is characterized as descriptive as it took into consideration the individualized conditions of each child/adolescent and of their home environment, and also evaluates the condition of the used seated mobility devices such as wheelchairs or strollers. Thirty three (33) subjects which had a wheelchair prescribed by a healthcare professional specialist in adaptive equipment within the past 3 years were selected. A questionnaire was applied through a phone with the patient s primary care giver or parents. The results obtained showed that all the equipment being used had an anatomical seat and back and the tilt system mechanism and even though most of the patients required small individual adjustments upon receiving the wheelchair in order to accommodate to the patients characteristics. From the point of view of the caregiver/parents interviewed, 97% described satisfied with the equipment and report assistance with mobility (97%), comfort (82%) and good posture (82%) as the main positive aspects from the equipment. The results also describe the aspects related to the maintenance, time used and activities developed that were reported by the patients. The conclusion therefore is that in order to select the equipment to meet the needs of the consumer it is necessary that: an appropriate wheelchair prescription takes place, the up-to-date knowledge of equipment available in the market, the appropriate use of the resources from the concession programs of the government that purchase equipment and the establishment of link in between the manufacturers, patients and the caregivers

Modelo em dinâmica de sistemas para gestão de aeroportos brasileiros

The importance of the airport sector in the development of a country refers to the need for studies on management of airports, to aid the process of decision making. In Brazil, growth in passenger demand is why investments in order to balance the capacity of an airport with air demand. Thus, the study aims to develop a model for Dynamic Systems able to assist airport management in Brazilian sizing subsystems an airport (Passenger Terminal, Runway and Patio). The methodology of this work consists in the steps of defining the problem, formulating the hypothesis dynamic building simulation model, and validation experiments. Finally, we examined the status of each subsystem in thirteen Brazilian airports in scenarios current, most likely and optimistic for air passenger demand

Fatores condicionantes da utilização da Internet na compra de serviços de viagens e turismo: estudo com turistas brasileiros em visita à Natal-RN

In today s global society, companies have become even more competitive with the abundance of information that prospective clients have available to them. This way the tourist services has appropriate the distribution using electronics ways as information for doing acquirement services. This work, shows the adopted provision of on-line tourist services does have suited apportionment for factors and buy decisions. The method used is a survey applied to the tourists, at international airport Augusto Severo, no matter why the visit reason to Natal city, at all, they were 210 people, being the chief variables evaluated the tourist perception of facility, utility, benefits, amenity and pleasure from the Internet s use, under the terms at the tourists experiences from the WEB about to acquisitions and researches. The results acquaint that the younger tourists or less experts tourists, in visit to Natal, demonstrated greater bias to the Internet s use than the other people. By the way women have a larger representation as a consumer from the WEB and finally, people along greater study tends to adopt. The work s contribution provides greater knowledge for the tourism executives about how might use the Internet, as well as bring forward a scene propitious for the on-line diffuseness service

Formas de propagação de espécies de uso medicinal popular em cinco municípios do estado do Amazonas

This work was carried out in five counties of Amazon State, Brazil, along the Solimoes/Amazonas and Negro Rivers. The objective was to identify the several forms of natural and induced propagation with medicinal plants, natives and exotics. The peoples were interviewed, with visit and recollection of botanical materials to herborization and reproduction. The greatest parts of plants propagate by seeds (65,8 per cent) and cutting (23,5 per cent). It was showed several species that reproduce by other strategies, like bulbs, rhizomes or brotations. The Amazonian species, in general, propagate by seeds, with some exceptions.

Produção e sensibilidade de isolados brasileiros de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri à bacteriocinas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A correção como procedimento de reformulação em chat educacional escrito em espanhol por brasileiros: tipos de operacionalização e marcas

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar, nas interações realizadas por escrito dentro de um chat educacional, os tipos de operacionalização para o processo da correção - enquanto procedimento de reformulação, de acordo com a Perspectiva Textual-Interativa. O corpus, constituído por 31 sessões e por 17 participantes (1 professor e 16 alunos), mostrou a presença de quatro tipos de operacionalização da correção: autocorreção autoiniciada, autocorreção heteroiniciada, heterocorreção autoiniciada e heterocorreção heteroiniciada. O maior número de ocorrências foi o da autocorreção autoiniciada. Esse resultado sugere que: i) os participantes, nesse contexto, parecem se preocupar em preservar a auto-imagem, já que a correção não era essencial à compreensão do texto; ii) os escreventes conhecem as regras e, por isso, se monitoram; iii) a própria ferramenta chat contribui para a autocorreção autoiniciada; e iv) a preferência pela autocorreção autoiniciada parece evitar que o professor assuma o papel de corretor do curso de língua. Foram identificados, ainda, padrões de reformulação com e sem marcadores inscritos na materialidade do texto.

Influência das águas da Bacia Hidrográfica Pirangi na balneabilidade das praias de Pirangi, nos municípios de Nísia Floresta e Parnamirim Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

The Pirangi beach is located in the eastern coastline of Rio Grande do Norte state, in the municipality of Parnamirim and Nísia Floresta. In it flow into Pirangi Watershed (PW), whose water receives large amounts of pollutants, mainly domestic and industrial sewage from districts where pass the rivers that consist it, compromising, thus, the bathing water quality of the Pirangi beach. Bearing in mind the importance of water sanitary quality to ensure an environment that no present risk to the bathers s health, this work had as main objective to assess the influence of the PW s waters in the bathing water quality of the Pirangi beaches. To that end, were made collections of water in the beaches and in the rivers with the intention of quantify the fecal contamination indicators thermotolerant coliforms and enterococci, to then classify the conditions of bathing water quality according with the CONAMA Resolution number 274 of 2000. For the purposes greater knowledge about the health conditions of the Beaches Pirangi and about the influence the PW s waters exert on it, was done parallely to the study of the water quality, an investigation of the sand sanitary quality. Furthermore, it was made an evaluation of the PW s Water Quality through Water Quality Index (WQI). Starting from the results obtained in the research present was possible to verify, among other aspects, that the entry of the PW s waters in the Pirangi beaches exerts direct influence in the bathing water quality of the same ones, being the North Pirangi beach (point tracking PA-02) the most influenced. There was noticed also a significant reduction in the conditions of bathing water quality of the beaches in the rainy season. However, the precariousness do sewerage system of the Natal metropolitan region and the absence of a right system of treatment an final disposal of domestic sewage and industrial are the main factors responsi le for deterioration of the PW s Water Quality, and as a consequence, compromising the bathing water quality of the Pirangi beaches

A atenção em Saúde Mental em municípios de pequeno e médio portes: ressonâncias da reforma psiquiátrica

A partir da análise da Política Nacional de Saúde Mental formulada nos últimos anos e das experiências desenvolvidas após 1987 no país, procura-se compreender como o Sistema Único de Saúde tem contribuído ao avanço da reforma psiquiátrica nos municípios; verificar como a assistência oferecida nesses municípios está viabilizando os princípios da reforma psiquiátrica e a melhora das condições de vida dos usuários, bem como pesquisar o papel dos trabalhadores e gestores na construção de novas práticas de cuidado em Saúde Mental. A análise das práticas discursivas aponta que os vários segmentos sociais envolvidos na Saúde Mental conhecem os princípios e propostas da reforma psiquiátrica. No entanto, as gestões municipais não assumem integralmente as propostas do Ministério da Saúde para a área, sob a alegação de falta de recursos financeiros para a contrapartida exigida. Os usuários e familiares têm aos poucos assumido as novas propostas de intervenção, mas os mecanismos de participação e organização popular ainda são incipientes. Por fim, deve-se destacar que, para uma efetiva consolidação das propostas atuais da reforma psiquiátrica, é necessário um maior compromisso dos gestores com a atenção em Saúde Mental, maior investimento nas equipes multiprofissionais, o estímulo à organização e à participação dos usuários e familiares e a integralidade dos dispositivos de saúde, de assistência social e de cultura existentes nas cidades.

Comparação entre diferentes métodos para estimativa de gordura corporal de ciclistas brasileiros de elite

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar diferentes métodos de estimativa de gordura corporal em ciclistas de elite. A amostra foi composta por 15 atletas de alto nível, do sexo masculino, com idade média de 28,6 anos. Gordura corporal foi estimada pela equação para espessura de dobras cutâneas (EDC), análise da bioimpedância elétrica (BIA) e absortometria de radiológica de dupla energia (DEXA) (utilizada como referência). O teste t pareado comparou as diferenças entre os métodos e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse analisou o relacionamento entre os mesmos. Foi observado que os valores do percentual de gordura corporal estimado pela BIA (p= 0,029), mas não o estimado pela EDC (p= 0,094) diferiram das estimativas da DEXA. Dessa maneira, é possível concluir que EDC apresentou estimativas mais próximas daquelas fornecidas pelo DEXA.

Se inicia oração com pronome clítico? Atitudes linguísticas, na escola, em relação aos padrões brasileiros de colocação pronominal

Focusing on the empirical assessment issue, proposed by Language change theory (cf. cf. WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 2006; LABOV, [1972] 2008), this research assists to clarifying Portuguese teacher s attitudes in Natal- RN, regarding (a) to proclisis in three specific contexts: in the beginning of a simple/compound sentence (V1), after the subjects (SV), and proclisis after the secondary verb in complex verbal structures (V1V2); (b) to students who use such patterns in usage. Specific contexts were gathered thanks to their representing of the standard variety, as many studies have proven (Martins, 2012; Schei, 2003; Biazzoli, 2010, 2012). The research aims at: (i) verifying by means of a classroom assessment test, whether Portuguese teachers correct proclisis on referred contexts; (ii) identifying, via attitudinal tests what actions teachers take regarding to the usage of standards above mentioned, as well as students as users of those. Twenty Portuguese teachers, picked at random out of different of public schools in Natal-RN, responded to a classroom assessment test in addition to other two attitudinal ones. Results achieved point to a recurring high proclisis correction index of 50% in simple/compound sentences, even though such variety has been implemented to pronominal usage standards in Brazilian Portuguese. This setting of usage was generally assessed negatively, having no commonality between this assessment and the neutral one used by students. Unlike previous setting, the proclisis after subject did not receive any correction of the twenty teachers, what proves coherence with the positive evaluation both the varieties and the students attained. As for the second verb of complex verbal structures, proclisis correction went negative on presenting single results, despite their proximity, with correction indexes of 20% (infinite structures), 10% (present progressive structures) and 25% (participle structures). The assessment on these contexts of proclisis ranged between positive and neutral, also valid for the one students utilized. It means that proclisis in the beginning of simple/compound sentences are yet seemingly spotted in writing school scenario, much likely due to the negative evaluation, opposite to students . Later to subjects and earlier to secondary verbs in structures, proclisis appears to be acknowledged in writing school scenarios, which reflects on teachers assessment as compared to students who use proclisis in these contexts; being in general either positive or neutral

Alterações posturais em atletas brasileiros do sexo masculino que participaram de provas de potência muscular em competições internacionais

Os esportes de alto nível determinam padrões corporais que extrapolam barreiras geopolíticas, sociais e culturais. Estas peculiaridades resultam em alterações posturais que estão associadas à eficiência do gesto desportivo, porém, em longo prazo, podem evoluir para processos mórbidos que limitam a prática de atividades físicas regulares. O objetivo da pesquisa foi descrever o perfil postural dos atletas que participam de provas de potência muscular e identificar processos anátomo-cinesiológicos responsáveis pelas principais alterações corporais. A casuística foi composta por 15 atletas do sexo masculino, especializados em provas de potência muscular. O protocolo para coleta de dados foi elaborado com base na proposta de: i) Kendall, para o exame físico e observacional, utilizando simetrógrafo e fio de prumo; ii) Souchard, para a análise postural em cadeia. As informações foram organizadas sob a forma de distribuição de freqüência absoluta e relativa. Os resultados apontaram que: i) o tornozelo em valgo (67%) foi a situação mais comum; ii) a rotação interna da pelve à direita (60%), seguida do lado oposto mais elevado (47%), pode estar relacionada com a corrida em curva que sobrecarrega a estrutura da pelve para a manutenção da velocidade com simultânea mudança de direção em função da força gravitacional; iii) a anteversão de pelve (73%) decorre da retração observada nos músculos flexores do quadril e extensores do joelho; iv) a alteração expressa no item iii contribui para a formação de hiperlordose lombar (73%) e desencadeia mecanismo compensatório de retração da cadeia posterior causando cifose torácica (53%) e cabeça em protrusão (73%). O diagnóstico precoce e a adoção de medidas profiláticas efetivas podem contribuir para o aumento da performance, bem como prevenir a ocorrência de lesões desportivas. Estudos envolvendo intervenção fisioterápica deverão avaliar se há redução dos efeitos crônicos que as alterações posturais decorrentes do treinamento causam ao atleta de alto nível.

Velocidade da marcha como preditor de fragilidade em uma amostra populacional de idosos brasileiros

Gait speed has been described as a predictive indicator of important adverse outcomes in older populations. Among the criteria to evaluate frailty, gait speed has been identified as the most reliable predictor of fragility, practical and low cost. Objective: This study assesses the discriminating capability of gait speed in determining the presence of fragility in the elderly community in northeast of Brazil. Method: We performed an observational analytic study with a transversal character with a sample of 391 community-living elders, aged 65 years or older, of both sexes, in the city of Santa Cruz-RN. Participants were interviewed using a multidimensional questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic information, physical-related and mental health-related information. The unintentional weight loss, muscle weakness, self-reported exhaustion, slow gait and low-physical activity were considered to evaluate the frailty syndrome. Gait velocity was measured as the time taken to walk the middle 4,6 meters of 8,6 meters (excluding 2 meters to warm-up phase and 2 meters to deceleration phase).We calculate the sensitivity and specificity of gait speed test in different cutoff points for the test run time, from which ROC curve was constructed as a measure of test predictive value to identify frail elders. The prevalence of frailty in Santa Cruz-RN was 17.1%. The gait speed test accuracy was 71%when speed is below 0,91m/s. Among women, the gait speed test accuracy was 80%(gait speed below 0.77m/s) and among men, the test accuracy was 86% (gait spend below 0,82%) (p<0,0001).Conclusion: our findings have clinical relevance when we consider that the detection of frailty presence by the gait speed test can be observed in elderly men and women by a simple, cheap and efficient exam

Equacões preditivas para as pressões respiratórias estáticas máximas de adolescentes brasileiros

Introduction: The reference values and prediction equations for maximal respiratory pressures (MRP) differ significantly between the available studies. This large discrepancy can be attributed to the different methodologies proposed. Although the importance of MRP is widely recognized, there are no Brazilian studies that provide predictive equations and reference values for PRM adolescents. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide normal values and propose predictive equations for maximal static respiratory pressures of Brazilian adolescents. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study, which evaluated 182 adolescents of both sexes aged between 12 and 18 years, enrolled in schools of the state and private in the city of Natal / RN. The selection of schools and participants of the study was randomly through a lottery system. The spirometric evaluation was performed through the digital spirometer One Flow FVC prior to the assessment of respiratory muscle strength. The MICs were measured with MVD digital manometer 300. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 17.0 software STATISTICS, assigning the significance level of 5%. The normality of data distribution was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS). The descriptive analysis was expressed as mean and standard deviation. We used one-way ANOVA test to verify the difference of the averages of MRPs between age and gender and comparing the averages of MRPs between levels of physical activity. The test t'Student unpaired compared the averages of MRPs being ages and sexes. The comparison of mean values obtained in this study PRM with the values predicted using the equations mentioned above was relizada by testing paired t'Student. To verify the correlation between the PRM and the independent variables (age, weight, height) was used Pearson correlation test. Levene's test evaluated the homogeneity of variance. To obtain predictive equations analysis was used stepwise multiple linear regression. Results: There was no significant difference in mean age between the PRM. The male adolescents, regardless of age, showed superiority in MRP values when compared to the opposite sex. Weight, height and sex correlated with the PRM. Regression analysis suggested in this study, pointed out that the weight and sex had an influence in MIP and MEP only in relation to sex influenced. The mean for each PRM adolescents classified as very active were superior to those observed in adolescents classified as irregularly active. Conclusion: This study provides reference values and two models of predictive equations for maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and to establish the lower limits of normality that will serve as an indispensable condition for careful evaluation of respiratory muscle strength in Brazilian adolescents