Pràctica 9: Les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) en l'entorn escolar

Les conseqüències educatives del desenvolupament de les tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) i de la utilització d’aquestes als centres escolars és objecte d’un intens debat per la influència que tenen en el desenvolupament infantil. En l’etapa de 3 a 6 anys, els aspectes emocionals i de relació amb els iguals són fonamentals per a l’evolució dels xiquets i xiquetes; per aquest motiu l’ús de les TIC ha de fer-nos reflexionar sobre les interaccions socials que es generen o s’esbiaixen, a més d’analitzar la capacitat d’utilització d’aquestes, de forma creativa i responsable. En l’entorn escolar, les TIC es poden usar simplement per a transmetre informació totalment elaborada i fomentar una resposta passiva o repetitiva de part de l’alumnat o, per contra, la utilització de les TIC pot convertir-se en un instrument significatiu en el procés d’aprenentatge infantil. La presència i el impacte de les TIC és una realitat en la vida social i per aquest motiu també les trobem en l’àmbit educatiu. Una anàlisi rigorosa del seu ús serà fonamental per a fomentar un desenvolupament social i cognitiu adequat en els xiquets i xiquetes.

Pràctica 3. Psicologia Evolutiva per a tots. Creació d’un blog

L’alumne universitari d’avui té adquirides competències tecnològiques que suposen un domini de les tecnologia de la informació i la comunicació (TIC) molt avançat i un ús de les xarxes socials molt continuat. Això suposa que aquests alumnes aprenen bona part dels continguts de les assignatures no solament a través de l’ús de manuals de text recomanats pel docent, sinó que molts conceptes són adquirits i treballats a partir de la recerca, l’anàlisi i la reflexió de documents que es troben en Internet. Per tant, tenint en compte aquests aspectes, aprofitarem aquesta competència per a afavorir l’aprenentatge i la motivació dels alumnes per l’assignatura mitjançant la creació d’un blog específic de l’assignatura.

Pràctica 8. Les escoles infantils són beneficioses per al desenvolupament del xiquet?

Avui en dia l’educació és objecte de debat per a la societat en general i per a les famílies en particular. Són molts els fronts que educadors, mestres, psicòlegs, pedagogs i la resta de persones relacionades amb el sistema escolar tenim oberts, i molts els qüestionaments que sobre el nostre treball es realitzen. En aquesta pràctica reflexionarem sobre un aspecte important: En són beneficioses per al desenvolupament infantil les escoles infantils de 0 a 3 anys?

Pràctica 15. Experiències a l’escola infantil: vida sana

El documental “Vida Sana” mostra diverses activitats a l’Escola Infantil Rosa Fernández (Elx) relacionades amb l’educació per a la salut i l’alimentació infantil. En aquest documental ens trobarem fonamentalment amb una eixida a un mercat i una visita al Centre d’Educació Infantil Miguel Hernández (Elx) per a vore el seu hort escolar. Al mateix temps, en el documental apareixen altres propostes didàctiques, comentaris d’educadores, cuineres i aportacions de les directores dels dos centres mostrant el seu estil educatiu. El projecte “Eixida al mercat” està realitzat amb infants de 2 a 3 anys. Aquest projecte porta implícit no solament el coneixement de les normes i rols socials relacionats amb la compra i venda sinó l’aprenentatge de bons hàbits de salut i alimentació i el treball dels valors relacionats amb la cura i millora del medi ambient.

Comprensión del modelo hereditario de Mendel tras la enseñanza habitual en alumnos de educación secundaria obligatoria

Mostrar que una nueva propuesta de enseñanza produce mejores actitudes y aprendizajes en los alumnos requiere disponer de un análisis de lo que se hace y se consigue con la enseñanza habitual. Para realizar dicho análisis se ha efectuado un estudio histórico y epistemológico de la evolución de las ideas en genética clásica, identificando los problemas que están en su origen, las ideas que permitieron avanzar y los obstáculos que hubo que superar. Como resultado de dicho estudio se han seleccionado un conjunto de indicadores de aprendizaje que deberían manifestarse en aquellas personas que hubieran comprendido los aspectos esenciales del modelo de herencia mendeliana, que se imparte en 4º de ESO. Dichos indicadores se han utilizado para analizar el aprendizaje tras la enseñanza convencional del tema. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos que muestran las deficiencias más comunes y justifican la necesidad de una propuesta diferente.

A MIGRAÇÃO INTER-RELIGIOSA PENTECOSTAL E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM A MODERNIDADE

Este trabalho faz uma leitura do fenômeno da crescente migração de membros no interior do pentecostalismo, na perspectiva da modernidade, demonstrando, através de fundamentação teórica e de pesquisa de campo, quais as relações existentes entre aquele fenômeno e as transformações sociais que caracterizam o mundo moderno. Assim, o primeiro capítulo discute as transformações que ocorrem no campo religioso com o surgimento do mundo moderno, especialmente a secularização, a partir do século XVI, na Europa, e a globalização, fenômeno mais recente, e analisa a situação específica da modernidade latino-americana e das relações próprias entre esta e a religião que nela se produz. O segundo capítulo caracteriza o pentecostalismo e analisa sua correspondência à modernidade tal como ela se manifesta na América Latina. No terceiro capítulo, são discutidas várias abordagens interpretativas do fenômeno da migração inter-religiosa ou trânsito religioso e são apresentados analiticamente os resultados da pesquisa de campo feita pelo autor entre pentecostais no município de São Bernardo do Campo, SP, demonstrando como eles evidenciam a existência de relações intrínsecas entre o fenômeno estudado e a modernidade.Dessa maneira, mostra-se como a religião, reconfigurando-se, seja por adaptação à modernidade, seja por reação a ela, coloca-se não somente como fruto, mas também como fator de modernidade.(AU)

A terapia comunitária e a vivência de estudantes de medicina: uma estratégia de ensino aprendizagem do cuidado humanizado na ESF?

Before the scenario full of criticism about a medical model that gives privilege to the diseases and not to the diseased, there are many arguments that defend the need of redeem the humanized relationship between doctor and patient. It became indispensable to mold during the medical graduation a professional capable of perform a special care, less instrumental and more humanized; however, even though the advances of the pedagogical program of the medical graduation, we still face numerous challenges in the process of molding. This study has as general goal to understand if the students medicine experience with the Integrative Community Therapy (TCI) at the Primary Attention – APS/Family Healthy Strategy-ESF, presents potential to configure itself while strategy of teaching-learning to the integral and humanized care. It was held a qualitative research with the students of the medical graduation from the tenth to the twelfth semester that had experience with the TCI, as part of the Boarding of Family and Community Medicine – MFC. We used interviews with script and we resorted to analyze the narratives to Gadamerian Hermeneutics. It was possible to find that before join the boarding of MFC, the students were unaware the TCI and their preconceptions lined up with depreciated character. The experience with the TCI enabled the reframing of the prejudices and the build of new concepts. Internship in ESF and participate of TCI revealed potential to learning of the humanized care by the practical exercise with experiences that privilege the built of ties; the autonomy of the patient; the fulfillment of the longitudinality at the care of the patient; the acknowledgment of the power of resilience of the patients, at the strength of the collective, at the pain sharing, at the strength of a good communication, at the gains of qualified listening exercise. The absence of models of what to do was replaced by experiences of pains and joys at the learning of becoming a doctor. The pains spoke of the structural difficulties (inputs), at the get along with the socials vulnerabilities of the users and the difficult of perform a good communication with the patients. The joys were experienced at the finding of the humanized care exercise. Questions as structural difficulties, low number of people with TCI degree, a shortly experience of with TCI, show up as limitations to its utilization as pedagogical tool. In turn, the reflective potential is capable of cause resignifications about the know-how before the pain of the other being very much present at the narratives, signaling the potential of the learning of TCI. Therefore, this study advocate that the participation of the students at the TCI, beyond the power of offering the students a teaching-learning strategy to the humanized care, represents the possibility of enlarge the horizons of those future doctors at a glance much more conscious of the difficulties and potential of a professional at the ESF, contributing to the graduation of more sensitized professionals and prepared to perform an integral and humanized approach of the person and his/her community, contributing to an APS/ESF more resolute and rewarding to everyone.

Corpo, força e potência: Nietzsche e Spinoza no pensamento de Deleuze

This dissertation aims at showing the importance of the Nietzsche s and Spinoza s philosophy in Deleuze thought, about body, force, and potency concepts. The search starts from Deleuze texts around two authors of his inspiration, reaching understand in the plan of immanence of the relationship between concepts and the way life as ethics and political affirmation. The first goal is the concept of rhizome; propose by Deleuze in what manner to walk the ways traced by philosophers and at the same time to create self ways. The second chapter examines the body in Nietzsche as force s relations. Find to show the genesis of the force in its determination as relative quantity strong or weak, and as absolute quality active or reactive; and for other side the genesis of the force from two poles of the will to power affirmation or negation, examining the consequences for life and thought. In the third chapter explained the definitions of body in Spinoza. The body, in Spinoza, defines itself complex relation of movement and repose, velocity and slowness and by it s to affect and be affecter s power. Find to show understanding the mediums for to amplify the power of to exist or the potency of to act, in what manner ethics of to live. The fourth chapter makes one parallel between the war and the thought in the constitution of socials body and collectives agenciamientos, for understand in the fifth chapter the body as war s machine of the thought, from the relationship between nomad way life and war s machine showed in Tractate of Nomadologia. Wait like this to show the importance of the ethics and political thought than affirm the existence in the world through active force from that body s power.

Crisis of work as a social integration factor

This article analyzes the process of deterioration of the work as a source of social rights and as a social integration element. The context of this process is the passage of a wage-labour society with stable employment to other where the labour relations are deregulated. This aim was tackled by means of quantitative and qualitative techniques. Secondary sources of statistical information were used together with interviews to experts of the institutional sphere. The results of this research show the emergence of a new exclusive model of social cohesion based on intensification and generalization of social inequalities and job insecurity. In this new model of social cohesion, it is noted that the integration strategies of people have less and less support from Government and people are neglected. This process appears in the four spheres that classify the social exclusion risks factors: the structural, the institutional, the relational and the individual.

The Worsening of the employment and work conditions and its relationship to the self-perceived health in European working population. Relevance and effects of the latest socioeconomic crisis

The recent crisis of the capitalistic economic system has altered the working conditions and occupations in the European Union. The recession situation has accelerated trends and has brought transformations that have been observed before. Changes have not looked the same way in all the countries of the Union. The social occupation norms, labour relations models and the type of global welfare provision can help underline some of these inequalities. Poor working conditions can expose workers to situations of great risk. This is one of the basic assumptions of the theoretical models and analytical studies of the approach to the psychosocial work environment. Changes in working conditions of the population seems to be important to explain in the worst health states. To observe these features in the current period of economic recession it has made a comparative study of trend through the possibilities of the European Working Conditions Survey in the 2005 and 2010 editions. It has also set different multivariate logistic regression models to explore potential partnerships with the worst conditions of employment and work. It seems that the economic crisis has intensified changes in working conditions and highlighted the effects of those conditions on the poor health of the working population. This conclusion can’t be extended for all EU countries; some differences were observed in terms of global welfare models.

Tipologías actuales de los trabajadores sociales en España

El objetivo del artículo es definir y explicar los tipos de profesionales del Trabajo Social existentes en España mediante una investigación descriptiva, cuantitativa y tipológica. Esta primera aproximación puede servir para iniciar la reflexión sobre la organización profesional del Trabajo Social en España y para identificar las características que definen su labor profesional. Los resultados muestran la existencia de doce tipos de profesionales del Trabajo Social en España.

The Electoral Rise of Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe: Ideological Parameters and Social Motivations

Populist radical right parties have become major political actors in Europe. This paper analyses the path and the different phases that have led them from the fringes of public debate to their present signifi cance, which is based on their capacity to attract electoral support and infl uence the political agendas in their respective countries. Besides, an analysis of the core ideological beliefs of these parties, and of the topics on which their mobilization capacity rests, is provided, as well as of the type of voters that are attracted by them. Finally, the authors discuss the meaning and impact of the growing popularity of the ideas and proposals put forward by the populist radical right parties.

Antropología de la Conservación en España. Balance y perspectivas

En este artículo presentamos un balance de la Antropología de la Conservación en el Estado español. Durante las últimas décadas, la protección de los espacios naturales ha aumentado de una manera exponencial en todo el mundo. A la vez que se extendía esta patrimonialización de la naturaleza, los trabajos etnográficos sobre las áreas protegidas han ido ganando terreno dentro de la disciplina y, en particular, en el campo de la Antropología Ambiental. La mencionada bibliografía ha puesto de relieve los múltiples aspectos derivados de las nuevas políticas territoriales de regulación, apropiación y mercantilización de la ‘naturaleza’. En este trabajo realizamos una revisión exhaustiva de la producción generada a raíz de este interés por las áreas protegidas en nuestro país subrayando sus principales aportaciones, características y debilidades. De este modo pretendemos reflexionar acerca de su continuidad, con el fin de evitar la mera reiteración y favorecer el avance en sus resultados.

Narratives Around Iberian Culture at Valencia Museums and Archaeological Sites: From Official Discourses to Social Perceptions

Museums and archaeological sites are considered the most authoritative places for talking about the past and the heritage from a scientific perspective. In fact, visitors assume their discourses as reliable and indisputable. In spite of that, professionals of archaeology must critically analyse the production of narratives at heritage sites, since they often reflect social, political and identity issues related to the present-day realities. The aim of this paper is to study official and popular discourses about the Iberian culture (Iron Age) collected in museums and archaeological sites from Valencia region.