Social Integration and New Realities in the Swedish Welfare Society

This article argues that there is a discrepancy between the perception of social realities held by professionals of welfare (school teachers and social workers) in Sweden and the social realities of migrants, especially migrants depending on social assistance. The views held by professionals are rooted in an old model of social integration within the framework of the nation-state. This perception contrasts with the life conditions, expressed here in the consumption practices of migrant families who, in their daily life, are linked to both local and transnational places. Consumption is an “old question” that has been linked both to poverty and immigration. The article is focusing not on consumption as such; instead on consumption as an illustration of the mismatch existing between the professionals’ view and the migrants’ description of their own consumption. The analysis is based on a qualitative study including interviews with migrant families and welfare officers in a neighbourhood in Malmoe, a city in the South of Sweden with some 300,000 inhabitants, of which 29 % are born outside Sweden.

Beyond the Margins: Analyzing Social Exclusion with a Homeless Client Dataset

A great share of literature on social exclusion has been based mainly on the analysis of official survey data. Whereas these efforts have provided insights into the characteristics and conditions of those people living at the margins of mainstream social relations, they have however failed to encompass those who live beyond these very margins. Meanwhile, research on these hidden subpopulations, such as homeless and other vulnerable groups, remains generally less abundant and is significantly detached from the theoretical core of the debate on social exclusion. The concern about these shortcomings lies at the heart of our research. We seek to bring some light to the area by using data made available by an organization that provides services to people experiencing homelessness in Barcelona (Spain). The data sample contains clients in early stages of exclusion and others in chronic situations. Thus, we attempt to identify some of the variables that operate in preventing the "chronification" of those individuals in situation of social exclusion. Our findings suggest that certain variables such as educational level, income and housing type, which are considered to be central predictors in the analysis of poverty, behave differently when analyzing differences between stages of social exclusion. Although these results cannot be extrapolated to the whole Spanish or European reality, they could provide useful insight for future investigations on this topic.

The Philanthropy Scale: a Sociological Perspective in Measuring New Forms of Pro Social Behaviour

In wealthy countries, philanthropy is conspicuous back on stage. It appears in new forms, worldwide. As a result, scholarly attention for philanthropy is growing. Philanthropic goals refer to persons, groups and communities who, in most cases, are not personally known to the giver. In research, however, philanthropic motivations of individuals are usually measured by socio-psychological scales which presuppose direct interactions. Measuring philanthropy could therefore be improved by incorporating a sociological frame of reference as well. As a starting point, this article presents a preliminary version of the philanthropy scale that has been tested in the panel survey of the Giving in the Netherlands (GIN) study. The results are discussed in terms of shortcomings and challenges for further research.

The Function of Norms and Values in the Construction of Social Identity in Groups who experienced intergroup Conflicts

I present my explorative research about conflict and social identity. The Social Identity Approach of Henri Tajfel and John Turner is used as theoretical frame in the study. The main question is how the construction of social identity of group members is influenced by an inter-group conflict. The research project consists of two parts: 1. An empirical study conducted with qualitative research methods to investigate a today’s congregation of the Swiss reformed Church who experienced a conflict about twenty years ago. This conflict ended by the separation of a sub-group from the congregations. This group forms an independent community today. Members of both congregations where interviewed about the meaning which membership has for them and about their interpretation of the conflict. 2. An analysis of the Gospel of Matthew with questions who where developed out of the empirical study and the Social Identity Approach to better understand the separation conflict between the Matthean community and the synagogue.

Getting to Know You: Psychoeducational Groups to Counter Social Isolation of Neglectful Mothers

This research indicates a uniformly positive use of psychoeducational groups to counter social isolation of neglectful mothers. This research was supported by a National Child Welfare Fellowship from the U.S. Children 's Bureau to the author. The author thanks Nancy Dickinson, Sherrill Clark, and the staff of the California Social Work Education Center at the University of California for their oversight and guidance during (his fellowship. The author is also grateful to her fellow fellows for their input and guidance during this research effort. Special thanks to Rose Ben ham, Anna Bowen, Judith Brewington, Caron Byington, Scottye Cash. Dottie Dixon, and Verna Rickard for their support of this project.

Professional Social Workers in the Child Welfare Workforce: Findings from NASW

The U.S. Children’s Bureau has historically recognized the significance of the child welfare workforce in improving the lives of children, youth and families, as well as the important role of social work within that workforce. Although the public may perceive the child welfare workforce as being predominantly comprised of social workers; in fact, fewer than half of child welfare workers have a social work degree. This discrepancy has been attributed to professional shortages, workplace conditions, caseload size and complexity, and low salaries. However, studies initiated by the National Association of Social Workers have found that the profession continues to successfully attract new graduates to child welfare practice and that social workers in child welfare enjoy high levels of job satisfaction. These studies also identified factors that contribute to the retention and attrition of social workers in child welfare.

El trabajo social y la cuestión ética

Nos introducimos en el debate de la ética en el Trabajo Social analizando los documentos de la Federación Internacional de Trabajadores Sociales (FITS), aprobado en Asamblea General (1994): "Declaración Internacional de principios éticos del Trabajo Social" y del que presentará en la próxima Asamblea General del 2004. Estos documentos destacan particularidades acordes al momento histórico. La otra reflexión parte del documento "Principios éticos y políticos para las organizaciones profesionales de Trabajo Social, año 2000 ,elaborado por el Comité de Asociaciones Profesionales de Trabajo Social del MERCOSUR. Desde el contexto de América Latina se sitúa en la ética ciudadana.

Kant y la modernidad : un enfoque desde el trabajo social

En el trabajo se pretende analizar las principales categorías sobre las que se fundamenta la modernidad, a través del pensamiento de Kant. El núcleo del proyecto moderno es la idea de universalidad, individualidad y autonomía, que junto a la distinción entre hombre y Naturaleza y su interrelación, dan origen a la perspectiva de la razón emancipadora. Los debates filosóficos de la época incorporaron una mirada sobre los problemas sociales y resultan de singular importancia para demostrar que el Trabajo Social en su origen tuvo un claro carácter antimoderno. Las primeras organizaciones donde encontramos los antecedentes de la profesión avanzan con un carácter conservador, mediado por una alianza entre burguesía, iglesia y estado, aceptando el modo capitalista de producción y de pensar a través de prácticas tutelares, disciplinarias y moralizantes que aún perduran en la actualidad y que se alejan del pensamiento originario de Kant.

La ética ciudadana : una fundamentación de la ética profesional del trabajador social

El trabajo pretende justificar, a partir de una argumentación epistemológica, la propuesta de fundamentar filosóficamente la ética profesional del Trabajo Social desde la ética social y ciudadana. Describe el estatuto objetivo de la profesión y las principales contradicciones que, en el ejercicio de la misma, se producen entre sistemas de valores o de normas. En grandes líneas se trabaja el concepto de ciudadanía, particularmente de la ciudadanía social, y se enuncian los valores y virtudes de la ética ciudadana. Se demuestra que la adopción de la ética ciudadana como fundamentación de la ética profesional del Trabajo Social haría posible la superación de las contradicciones descriptas. El Trabajo Social aparece entonces prefigurado como una profesión con rasgos ético-políticos al servicio del valor de la justicia social.

Mediación y trabajo social de grupo : articulaciones y paralelismos

El trabajo plantea, teniendo como eje central de su desarrollo la Mediación, explorarlas relaciones posibles entre los procesos de Mediación y Trabajo Social de Grupo. Con esta exploración se intenta pensar y construir un campo de encuentro e interjuego entre ambos términos. Trabajo Social de Grupo y Mediación. A lo largo del texto se irá desarrollando esta idea de articulación e interacción entre ambos procesos. Así, y tomando la palabra de autores idóneos de cada área, se irán develando objetivos, características, fundamentos, dinámicas, etc. En la comparación, a su vez, surgirán coincidencias, semejanzas, paralelismos y complementaciones posibles. La intención, en esta primera aproximación, es abrir una instancia de encuentro entre disciplinas, así como brindar un aporte para un enriquecimiento mutuo.

Trabajo social e intervención profesional : la violencia y su impacto en los adolescentes : aportes al diseño de políticas sociales para la no violencia

El presente trabajo nace como proyección de la tesis de Maestría presentada para obtener el título de Magister en Políticas Sociales y Gestión Local de la Universidad de Artes y Ciencias Sociales (ARCIS) de Chile. Se basa en una investigación de carácter cualitativo en el que el Trabajo Social centra su mirada en la problemática de la violencia como parte de la conflictividad actual y como emergente de la cuestión social, consecuencia manifiesta de la aplicación del modelo neoliberal en nuestro país. En este escenario, los adolescentes ven violentados sus derechos por lo que resulta fundamental analizar el impacto de la violencia en ellos, en sus relaciones interpersonales y con su contexto. Nuestro interés profesional es aportar elementos teórico-conceptuales y prácticos tendientes a favorecer la transformación de las relaciones del tejido social dirigida hacia un contexto de no violencia.