Ferramentas Lean na indústria corticeira

O presente projeto tem como objetivo a aplicação de ferramentas do universo Lean Thinking na indústria corticeira de forma a identificar e eliminar fontes de desperdício, criar valor e envolver a organização numa cultura de melhoria contínua focada na satisfação do cliente. A Unidade Industrial de Lamas encontra-se a passar por uma fase de mudança e carece da aplicação de ferramentas 5S, Gestão Visual, Kaizen Diário e Standard Work, contempladas no seu programa de melhoria contínua intitulado de Cork.MAIS. A aplicação das ferramentas comprovam o sucesso em termos de qualidade e eficiência operacional. Os 5S conduzem à eficiência, segurança e organização dos postos de trabalho e quando implementados despoletam de forma natural a necessidade de implementação da ferramenta Gestão Visual que acarreta inúmeros benefícios visto que visa sistemas simples e intuitivos. A ferramenta Kaizen Diário contribuiu para aumentar a comunicação entre os diferentes turnos, alinhar os colaboradores com a estratégia da Unidade Industrial de Lamas e identificar oportunidades de melhoria fomentando o trabalho em equipa. A ferramenta Standard Work contribuiu para a redução dos encravamentos dos equipamentos SVE obtendo-se um aumento de 11% do Overall Equipment Effectiveness. Realizar uma retrospetiva de todos os processos e fluxos de produção tornou-se oportuno e, para tal, recorreu-se à ferramenta Value Stream Mapping. Todo o trabalho em equipa serviria para analisar o estado atual da cadeia de valor da Unidade Industrial de Lamas no que respeita ao planeamento e fluxos de material e informação, metodologia do controlo de produto e processo e eficiência operacional. Todas as oportunidades de melhoria identificadas e implementadas acrescentam valor à cadeia da organização mas dá-se destaque às ações de melhoria implementadas no âmbito do projeto de planeamento e fluxos de informação e material. Todas as novas ferramentas implementadas contempladas no sistema pull da organização conduziram a uma redução de 11% do material em work in process e um aumento de 25% da taxa de satisfação de encomendas.

Ischemic necrosis with sigma perforation in a patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): case report

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease which affects the connective tissue. Its etiology is as yet unknown, while its pathogenesis involves the immune system. Both genetic and environmental and hormonal factors play a key role in the impaired immune regulation. A correlation with estrogens is demonstrated by the fact that the greatest incidence is found in young women, when estrogen secretion is at its highest. The disease is also reported to worsen in women taking oral contraceptives. It is therefore believed that the components of oral contraceptives, estrogens (ethinyl estradiol) and progestins, can affect the immune profile. Of the various complications attributed to systemic lupus erythematosus, gastrointestinal disorders are less common but potentially by far the most serious. We report a case of ischemic necrosis with sigma perforation in a patient with SLE. Signs and symptoms of acute abdomen in patients with SLE are rare (0.2%), but serious. Most patients require an exploratory laparotomy, as the causes are often linked with vasculitis.

Customer stimulation in lean software development

The process of developing software is a complex undertaking involving multiple stakeholders. While the intentions of these parties might vary to some extent, the ultimate goal can be seen as a satisfactory product. Lean and agile software development practices strive toward this and they place customer contentment as one of the highest aims of the process. An important aspect of any development process is the act of innovation. Without it, nothing progresses and the whole process is unnecessary. As a target domain expert, the customer is an important part of effective innovation. Problems arise, however, when the customer is not actively taking part in the activities. Lack of familiarity with software development can easily cause such issues. Unfortunately, the amount of research conducted on product innovation is unimpressive. This makes it difficult to formulate a recommended approach on stimulating the customer and encouraging a more active participation. Ultimately, a small set of high-level guidelines were identified from the available literary resources for inducing innovation. To conclude, this thesis presents the findings made during the development of a small web application and compares them to the aforementioned literature findings. While the guidelines seem to provide promising results, further empirical research is needed to attain more significant conclusions.

Lean universities.

This chapter examines lean implementation in higher education (HE) institutions. There is evidence of lean initiatives beginning in HE in the US in the early 2000s; there is also some evidence of business process improvement activity before this time (Moore et al., 2004; Waterbury et al., 2011). Today, many universities and other HE institutions are pursuing lean thinking.

Synchronous primary malignant tumors of the breast, caecum and sigma. Case report

We present the case of a patient with a double adenocarcinoma of the right colon and sigma associated with a bilateral infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma. Sigma and caecum bowel cancers were diagnosed at colonoscopy, with computerized tomography staging, while breast cancer was found with screening mammography. Following right hemicolectomy , sigmoidectomy and bilateral mastectomy the histology confirmed the presence of colonic adenocarcinoma and infiltrating and in situ lobular cancer. This case report reviews the treatment of synchronous neoplasia.

Aplicación de la metodología Six Sigma para solucionar problemas de calidad en una empresa metalmecánica

En la actualidad muchas compañías enfocan sus esfuerzos en la chequera del cliente generando con esto una cortina de humo al interior de la empresa que hace que se descuiden los costos, se conviva con actividades que no agregan valor y se desconozcan las causas de los principales problemas de calidad que afectan al cliente. Este es el caso de la compañía metalmecánica objeto de esta investigación, la cual venía sobrellevando altos niveles de inventarios, reprocesos, problemas de calidad, falta de corresponsabilidad del personal, y otras situaciones que la estaban dejando vulnerable ante la competencia. Este fue el motivo que inspiró esta investigación en aras de validar una metodología de mejora continua para identificar, analizar, proponer, evaluar y reducir los costos de no calidad y sus implicaciones, de una forma ordenada, rigurosa y disciplinada. Posterior a la implementación del plan de acción los resultados no se hicieron esperar y la compañía mejoró su servicio al cliente sin incurrir en excesos de inventario, al igual que disminuyó sus sobrecostos de producción, los cuales eran generados en gran medida por problemas de calidad. Pero lo más significativo es que asimiló que esta metodología es un proceso continuo que no puede parar y que todo el personal de la empresa debe estar implicado.

Melhoria de uma linha de montagem pela aplicação da filosofia Lean

Este relatório descreve o desenvolvimento de um projecto de melhoria numa linha de montagem de autocarros, numa das empresas do Grupo Salvador Caetano: a CaetanoBus. Sustentado teoricamente pelos pressupostos da filosofia lean, o projecto visou sobretudo uma organização mais eficiente dos recursos humanos e materiais, de modo a alcançar uma redução do lead time e, por conseguinte, uma diminuição simultânea de desperdícios associados ao processo e do número de colaboradores afectos a determinado modelo de autocarro. A metodologia adoptada envolveu fundamentalmente operações relativas ao estudo de tempos, balanceamento e estabelecimento de standard works. Por outro lado, outros conceitos associados ao lean, como kaizen e yamazum chart, integraram igualmente a linha estruturante de pensamento que orientou o campo das acções. Um plano de melhorias baseado no uso das ferramentas lean sugere ganhos produtivos, muito embora o término da produção do modelo, alvo de análise, tivesse impedido a sua confirmação prática nesta matéria.

Sigma models for genuinely non-geometric backgrounds

The existence of genuinely non-geometric backgrounds, i.e. ones without geometric dual, is an important question in string theory. In this paper we examine this question from a sigma model perspective. First we construct a particular class of Courant algebroids as protobialgebroids with all types of geometric and non-geometric fluxes. For such structures we apply the mathematical result that any Courant algebroid gives rise to a 3D topological sigma model of the AKSZ type and we discuss the corresponding 2D field theories. It is found that these models are always geometric, even when both 2-form and 2-vector fields are neither vanishing nor inverse of one another. Taking a further step, we suggest an extended class of 3D sigma models, whose world volume is embedded in phase space, which allow for genuinely non-geometric backgrounds. Adopting the doubled formalism such models can be related to double field theory, albeit from a world sheet perspective.

T-duality without isometry via extended gauge symmetries of 2D sigma models

Target space duality is one of the most profound properties of string theory. However it customarily requires that the background fields satisfy certain invariance conditions in order to perform it consistently; for instance the vector fields along the directions that T-duality is performed have to generate isometries. In the present paper we examine in detail the possibility to perform T-duality along non-isometric directions. In particular, based on a recent work of Kotov and Strobl, we study gauged 2D sigma models where gauge invariance for an extended set of gauge transformations imposes weaker constraints than in the standard case, notably the corresponding vector fields are not Killing. This formulation enables us to follow a procedure analogous to the derivation of the Buscher rules and obtain two dual models, by integrating out once the Lagrange multipliers and once the gauge fields. We show that this construction indeed works in non-trivial cases by examining an explicit class of examples based on step 2 nilmanifolds.

Aplicabilidade do Lean no setor bancário - estudo de caso

Mestrado em Contabilidade e Gestão de Instituições Financeiras

Arvovirtakartoitus ja lean-menetelmät: hukan tunnistaminen pk-yrityksen toimistoympäristössä

Tämän diplomityön tarkoituksena oli tutkia pk-yrityksen toimistoympäristössä tapahtuvaa prosessia ja tehostaa sen toimintaa lean-työkaluja käyttämällä. Prosessin hukkien tunnistamiseksi kohdeyritykseen toteutettiin arvovirtakartoitus jonka tuloksena tunnistettiin prosessien eri vaiheiden hukat ja kohdistettiin niihin ehkäisevät lean-toimenpiteet. Tutkimus toteutettiin kvalitatiivisena toimintatutkimuksena, joka sisältää kirjallisuusosion sekä empiirisen osion kohdeyritykseen suoritetun arvovirtakartoituksen muodossa. Kirjallisen osion teoria on kerätty tieteellisestä kirjallisuudesta ja artikkeleista, artikkelit koostuvat suurelta osin internet-lähteistä. Työn empiirinen osio ja sen tiedot on kerätty tutustumalla case-yrityksen toimistoprosessiin sekä suorittamalla lukuisia haastatteluja yrityksen henkilöstön kanssa. Eniten hukkaa aiheutui dokumentoinnin ja työkalujen puutteesta sekä sisäisestä yhteistyökyvyttömyydestä. Työn tulokset tukevat lean-työkalujen käyttämistä, sillä suurin osa esiintyvästä hukasta on mahdollista ehkäistä helposti työn paremmalla dokumentoinnilla ja päivittäisiä työtapoja muokkaamalla. Sopivimmat lean-työkalut olivat standardoitu työ, kaizen sekä gemba.

Degradation toolkit for predicting the amount of degradation of particulate solids in lean phase pneumatic conveyors

Abstract not available