Acesso desnecessário ao Poder Judiciário como óbice ao acesso à Justiça: a (im)prescindibilidade do prévio requerimento em face da Administração Pública para caracterização do interesse processual de agir na visão dos tribunais superiores

A Administração Pública brasileira vive uma significativa crise de eficiência, enquanto a reforma gradual da legislação facilitou o acesso ao Poder Judiciário. No lugar de pleitear direitos perante o Poder Executivo e, na eventual hipótese de indeferimento, buscar a correção pontual de abusos ou ilegalidades na via judicial, cada vez mais pessoas têm procurado de imediato a tutela jurisdicional, como se o juiz pudesse ou devesse substituir o papel do administrador. Isto sobrecarrega os tribunais, desvirtua o seu papel e contribui para que eles passem a padecer dos mesmos problemas que a Administração. À luz da garantia de inafastabilidade da apreciação das lesões a direito pelo Judiciário, a jurisprudência já condicionou o interesse de agir ao exaurimento da via administrativa, já dispensou totalmente o prévio requerimento administrativo, e, em movimento pendular, recentemente iniciou esforço para, entre os dois extremos, delinear as hipóteses em que a existência de interesse processual de agir depende de um ato de indeferimento administrativo que caracterize a resistência do réu à pretensão do autor para que, sem criar óbices intransponíveis à concretização dos direitos, o acesso desmedido aos juízes não se converta em novo obstáculo ao acesso à Justiça efetiva.

基于协议分析的IM阻断策略及算法分析

本文根据即时通讯（IM）的协议模型，在TCP层和即时通讯协议层分析了阻断即时通讯的可能性，分别提出了基于TCP层和即时通讯协议层的协议分析的阻断策略．在TCP层，通过插入FIN报文或RST报文，以关闭TCP连接（特别是与登录服务器的连接）；在即时通讯协议层，通过对相应字段的值进行设置，使客户端进入不活动状态．为使阻断策略能够有效地实施，本文也提出了一个消息驱动的实现算法．通过对Yahoo! Messenger的阻断实验，证明了本文提出的方法能够高效地完成阻断任务（平均数据包量不超过2．5个）．用统计分析的方法对它们的性能进行比较，结果表明各种方法的效率在不同的背景流量下没有显著的差异，通过消息驱动算法实现的基于协议分析的阻断策略，其工作效率不受背景流量的影响．另外，即时通讯数据的触发方式，使得发送的阻断包的数量与背景流量无关，也不对网络负载造成明显的影响．本文的工作为实施即时通讯的阻断提供了有效的解决方案．

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于2010-11-23批量导入

Projekt powołania repozytorium Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Badanie ankietowe postaw pracowników naukowych

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań ankietowych, których celem było zbadanie postaw pracowników naukowych Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza wobec projektu powołania repozytorium instytucjonalnego. Przedstawiona w artykule szeroka analiza wyników, nie tylko ukazała postawę kadry naukowej Uniwersytetu wobec planów wdrożenia tego innowacyjnego, podnoszącego prestiż instytucji pomysłu, ale także dała wskazówki dotyczące tworzenia optymalnej polityki zarządzania przyszłym jego organizatorom. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na kwestie związane z deponowaniem i udostępnianiem dokumentów w repozytorium, wskazano również na potrzebę promowania tej idei w środowisku naukowym.

Zum Einsatz von authentischem Quellenmaterial im Fremdsprachenunterricht am Beispiel von Fernsehnachrichten

This article attempts to qualify the work with authentic source material such as TV news in foreign language teaching. At first, the role of authentic materials in foreign language teaching shall be discussed. Afterwards, TV news will be briefly examined and characterized from the point of view of media theory. Methodic-didactic considerations on the work with TV news in class round up the article.

Linguistische und psychodidaktische Grundlagen des Fremdsprachenlernens im Seniorenalter

The article is an introduction to the discussion about the linguistic and psychodidactic concepts justifying the thesis that the senior language learners are able to learn foreign languages and that they can achieve educational success in the process of foreign language learning.

Ausgewählte Aspekte der Textsorte autographes Vorwort einer wissenschaftlichen Abhandlung im Deutschen und Polnischen - Versuch einer Konfrontation

The purpose of this article has been to compare texts of forewords in Polish and German scientific monographs. The analysis has focused on the following selected aspects: the structure of the forward and its position in relation to other parts of the monograph, the title as well as introductory and closing remarks. It has been discovered that Polish and German authors have a radically different approach to this type of text, though judging by the fact they call their texts forewords, these texts must belong to the same category.