Développement d’un nouveau modèle murin expérimental de sclérodermie

La sclérodermie (SSc) est une maladie rare affectant les personnes génétiquement prédisposées d’une réponse immunitaire défectueuse. Malgré les derniers avancements et développements dans le domaine, l’étiologie et la pathogénèse de la maladie demeurent peu comprises. Par ailleurs, il y a un ralentissement dans la compréhension de cette maladie à cause du manque de modèle animal représentatif de la SSc humaine. Malgré plusieurs lacunes, les souris traitées avec la bléomycine ou portant des modifications génétiques (TSK-1) sont très utilisées dans les études précliniques de la SSc mais elles ne présentent pas toutes les caractéristiques de cette maladie. Pour contribuer à la recherche sur la SSc, la stagiaire postdoctorale Dre Heena Mehta a développé dans le laboratoire du Dre Sarfati en collaboration avec le Dr Senécal, un modèle de souris expérimental induit par l’immunisation de cellules dendritiques (DCs) chargées de peptides de la protéine topoisomérase I (TOPOIA et TOPOIB). Dans le but de caractériser ce modèle murin et d’établir un profil immunitaire, j’ai concentré mes analyses principalement sur les caractéristiques de la SSc telles que la fibrose, l’inflammation, l’hyper-γ-globulinémie polyclonale, la vasculopathie ainsi que de l’expression de cytokines. Brièvement, l’immunisation de souris avec les DCs chargées avec la topoisomérase I (TOPOI) a induit l’inflammation pulmonaire et cutanée, en plus de la fibrose sous forme diffuse (dcSSc). Les souris présentaient également des symptômes de la vasculopathie ainsi que des taux élevés d’anticorps polyclonaux. Les résultats démontraient que les peptides TOPOIA étaient efficaces dans l’induction de la fibrose et de la réponse inflammatoire alors que les peptides TOPOIB étaient surtout impliqués dans la fibrose cutanée. En plus de nos résultats, les observations préliminaires sur le profil de cytokines tissulaires suggéraient que ce modèle pourrait remplacer ou complémenter les autres modèles animaux de SSc.

Hysteresis and avalanches in the T=0 random field ising model with 2-spin flip dynamics

We study the nonequilibrium behavior of the three-dimensional Gaussian random-field Ising model at T=0 in the presence of a uniform external field using a two-spin-flip dynamics. The deterministic, history-dependent evolution of the system is compared with the one obtained with the standard one-spin-flip dynamics used in previous studies of the model. The change in the dynamics yields a significant suppression of coercivity, but the distribution of avalanches (in number and size) stays remarkably similar, except for the largest ones that are responsible for the jump in the saturation magnetization curve at low disorder in the thermodynamic limit. By performing a finite-size scaling study, we find strong evidence that the change in the dynamics does not modify the universality class of the disorder-induced phase transition.

Influence of the driving mechanism on the response of systems with athermal dynamics: The example of the random-field Ising model

We investigate the influence of the driving mechanism on the hysteretic response of systems with athermal dynamics. In the framework of local mean-field theory at finite temperature (but neglecting thermally activated processes), we compare the rate-independent hysteresis loops obtained in the random field Ising model when controlling either the external magnetic field H or the extensive magnetization M. Two distinct behaviors are observed, depending on disorder strength. At large disorder, the H-driven and M-driven protocols yield identical hysteresis loops in the thermodynamic limit. At low disorder, when the H-driven magnetization curve is discontinuous (due to the presence of a macroscopic avalanche), the M-driven loop is reentrant while the induced field exhibits strong intermittent fluctuations and is only weakly self-averaging. The relevance of these results to the experimental observations in ferromagnetic materials, shape memory alloys, and other disordered systems is discussed.

Nuclear charge radii from X-ray transitions in muonic atoms of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen

Energies of muonic X-rays of the K-series of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen have been measured with an accuracy of about 15 eV. Root mean square radii of the nuclear charge distributions were deduced. The results 2.49±0.05 fm for carbon, 2.55 ±0.03 fm for nitrogen and 2.71 ±0.02 fm for oxygen are in good agreement at comparable accuracy with recent electron scattering data.

The Ri chicken breed and livelihoods in North Vietnam: characterization and prospects

For the last twenty years, the consumption of poultry meat has boomed in Vietnam as in the rest of the developing world. Capital-intensive production has grown rapidly to satisfy this demand. Based on a few numbers of genetically uniform strains, these systems threaten biodiversity. In Vietnam, both rural and urban households still keep indigenous chickens as part of a diversified livelihood portfolio. In line with the national in situ conservation strategy, this study approached the context of local poultry keeping in two rural and one suburban districts of Northern Vietnam. It aimed at understanding households’ willingness, constraints and opportunities for practice improvement, including breeds’ management. As the Ri chicken constitutes the large majority of backyard flocks, two particular objectives of this study are the morpho-biometric characterisation of phenotypic diversity among individuals classified as Ri by farmers and an assessment of their productive potential. Chicken was found to hold a different place in livelihoods of the three districts with consequences on the management of genetic resources. The most favourable conditions for improvement of the Ri breed was found in the rural district of Luong-Son, due to market integration. In the more remote district of Ky-Son, living standards were lower and much would be gained from Ri conservation. Ri breed was the most threatened in the suburban Gia-Lam district, where poultry was a minor side-activity, lacking incentive for genetic management. From motives and constraints, tracks about breeding goals are suggested. Further considerations about conservation, improvement, market integration and livelihoods are proposed.

Asymptotic model for shape resonance control of diatomics by intense non-resonant light

We derive a universal model for atom pairs interacting with non-resonant light via the polarizability anisotropy, based on the long range properties of the scattering. The corresponding dynamics can be obtained using a nodal line technique to solve the asymptotic Schrödinger equation. It consists of imposing physical boundary conditions at long range and vanishing the wavefunction at a position separating the inner zone and the asymptotic region. We show that nodal lines which depend on the intensity of the non-resonant light can satisfactorily account for the effect of the polarizability at short range. The approach allows to determine the resonance structure, energy, width, channel mixing and hybridization even for narrow resonances.

Asymptotic model for shape resonance control of diatomics by intense non-resonant light: universality in the single-channel approximation

Non-resonant light interacting with diatomics via the polarizability anisotropy couples different rotational states and may lead to strong hybridization of the motion. The modification of shape resonances and low-energy scattering states due to this interaction can be fully captured by an asymptotic model, based on the long-range properties of the scattering (Crubellier et al 2015 New J. Phys. 17 045020). Remarkably, the properties of the field-dressed shape resonances in this asymptotic multi-channel description are found to be approximately linear in the field intensity up to fairly large intensity. This suggests a perturbative single-channel approach to be sufficient to study the control of such resonances by the non-resonant field. The multi-channel results furthermore indicate the dependence on field intensity to present, at least approximately, universal characteristics. Here we combine the nodal line technique to solve the asymptotic Schrödinger equation with perturbation theory. Comparing our single channel results to those obtained with the full interaction potential, we find nodal lines depending only on the field-free scattering length of the diatom to yield an approximate but universal description of the field-dressed molecule, confirming universal behavior.

Desarrollo de habilidades de autonom??a personal y coeducaci??n

Se presenta experiencia educativa que propone favorecer mediante la aplicaci??n de un programa las habilidades personales del alumnado. Se realiza en la EEI Media Luna en Pinos Puente, Granada. Los objetivos son: desarrollar habilidades de autonom??a personal y lograr una verdadera coeducaci??n; fomentar la autonom??a e independencia de nuestro alumnado; facilitar la integraci??n sociofamiliar de nuestro alumnado; desarrollar h??bitos de higiene y salud corporal; desarrollar h??bitos de vestido; desarrollar h??bitos de alimentaci??n equilibrada; potenciar las habilidades de comunicaci??n y relaci??n; desarrollar unos h??bitos de comportamiento adecuados y fomentar el respeto hacia las normas del centro.

Las voces del silencio : una comunicaci??n sin l??mites

El libro incorpora la sistematicidad de un manual te??rico-pr??ctico sobre Comunicaci??n Aumentativa/ Alternativa y la sinceridad de un testimonio apoyado en la dilatada y comprometida experiencia profesional de la autora. En la primera parte del libro se puede encontrar una aproximaci??n te??rica al tema de la Comunicaci??n Aumentativa/ Alternativa junto a la experiencia llevada a cabo con usuarios de diferentes sistemas de Comunicaci??n A/A. En la segunda parte del libro se exponen una serie de casos pr??cticos apoyados en informes de alumnos usuarios de Bliss y SPC, Bimodal, Lenguaje de Signos, Schaeffer y la posibilidad de simultanear varios de estos sistemas en el caso de alumnos gravemente afectados. En la tercera parte la autora se dedica a reflexionar sobre su propia experiencia.

M??s de cien mentiras : Quijote y Sabina confabulados

Publicaci??n que conmemora el IV aniversario de la primera edici??n de El Quijote y que ha reunido a un grupo de profesores de ??reas distintas (biolog??a, compensatoria, ingl??s, educaci??n f??sica, historia, integraci??n, lat??n y lengua) del IES Manuel T??rrega Escribano de la Regi??n de Murcia. Se trata de un proyecto literario y creativo que tras la lectura de El Quijote se propone a los alumnos para que inventasen relatos breves en los que se jugar?? con la mentira, la ficci??n o la paradoja. En casi todos los relatos hay predominio del tema amoroso. El acercamiento al lenguaje barroco les ha llevado a recrear el estilo cervantino y a utilizar los recursos literarios de la ??poca. Al juntar el Quijote a Sabina se ha avivado la creaci??n y excitado la imaginaci??n desencadanada por la canci??n de ??ste ??ltimo titulada 'Es mentira'.

La integraci??n curricular de las tecnolog??as de ayuda en contextos escolares

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n.- Contiene un anexo con el cat??logo ( fichas) de los programas educativos multimedia seleccionados

Diccionario de signos para alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales en el ??rea de comunicaci??n-lenguaje : Programa de Comunicaci??n Total Hablada Signada de B. Schaeffer

Figura como anexo un ??ndice alfab??tico del diccionario de signos

Comunicaci??n multisensorial

Compendio de las reflexiones que sobre el trabajo diario han realizado un grupo de profesionales de Educaci??n Especial en el seno del Seminario de Centros de Educaci??n Especial y Recursos de la Regi??n de Murcia, cuyo objetivo ha sido proporcionar a los alumnos una educaci??n de calidad en un marco de buenas pr??cticas de ense??anza. El trabajo consta de una fundamentaci??n te??rica sobre lo que este grupo de profesionales entiende por 'Comunicaci??n Multisensorial', haciendo un recorrido por las diferentes fuentes te??ricas de las cuales se han servido para la realizaci??n de este trabajo. Una segunda parte en la que se ofrecen orientaciones para el plan de trabajo individualizado. En la tercera parte se presentan los materiales, sus caracter??sticas y usos con una explicaci??n de cada uno de ellos, as?? como recomendaciones para su uso. La ??ltima parte se dedica a la evaluaci??n en la que se ofrecen tres tipos de documentos: fichas de seguimiento para cada ??rea, registro de evaluaci??n de Comunicaci??n Multisensorial y un bolet??n informativo para las familias.