961 resultados para Políticas urbanas
Resumo:
Estudo sobre o planejamento urbano no Brasil, com objetivo de construir um modelo analítico capaz de identificar as questões inerentes ao processo de formação do discurso sobre o urbano no país; identificar diferentes vertentes historicamente formuladas pelo planejamento urbano brasileiro; estabelecer relações com a natureza, características, sobrevivências e transformações presentes no que a literatura pertinente ao tema tem considerado como “novos” modelos de planejamento e gestão urbanos. Esses “novos” modelos de planejamento têm se organizado, em alguns pólos, dentro de uma presente tensão intelectual e ideológica, onde se destacam, três principais correntes: a da Reforma Urbana Democrático-Redistributivista, a do Plano Estratégico Liberal Competitivo e a do Desenvolvimento Urbano Sustentável. Identificam-se algumas práticas tidas como inovadoras nestas três correntes, tais como: o desenvolvimento econômico local, a descentralização das políticas urbanas, a inserção da temática ambiental nas discussões sobre o urbano, uma maior politização do planejamento e o reconhecimento dos assentamentos informais como parte integrante da cidade real. Com este “pano de fundo” o estudo examina a experiência de planejamento urbano na cidade de Vitória, compreendida entre os anos de 1997 a 2004. Procura analisar o discurso e a prática relacionados ao Plano Estratégico da Cidade – Vitória do Futuro, 1996-2010 (Plano) e ao Programa Integrado de Desenvolvimento Social, Urbano e Preservação Ambiental em Áreas Ocupadas por População de Baixa Renda - Projeto Terra (programas e ações), inserindo tal caracterização aos seus respectivos contextos sócio-político-econômicos, a fim de responder ao questionamento central: se estes “novos” modelos compõem realmente novas formas de intervir sobre a questão urbana ou seriam reformulações de antigas abordagens, reafirmando a tradicional prática do planejamento brasileiro de reprodução de modelos, todavia, feitas com adaptações ao “pensamento social” vigente no momento. De modo específico, visa verificar até que ponto há um rebatimento dos “novos” modelos de planejamento abordados, nas experiências de Vitória, bem como verificar as possíveis contradições existentes nessas relações.
Resumo:
A escolha da cidade de São Paulo para sediar a Exposição Universal em 2020 criará um vetor de desenvolvimento socioeconômico para a região de Pirituba e seus bairros adjacentes, tendo em vista que a preparação para esse megaevento certamente terá o condão de acelerar as melhorias de infraestrutura e de serviços públicos na localidade. Diante disso, a expectativa é que o Poder Público municipal, responsável pela execução das políticas urbanas da cidade, aproveite a oportunidade para potencializar o desenvolvimento das áreas adjacentes ao local que hospedará a Expo 2020, como forma de diminuir a carência por moradias e equipamentos públicos. Dentre as parcerias possíveis com o setor privado, como forma de viabilizar os investimentos necessários, apresenta-se o instrumento da concessão urbanística como alternativa para o desenvolvimento regional do entorno do Parque Expo 2020.
Resumo:
A tese aborda o processo de identificação das favelas e sua apropriação pelos movimentos de “trabalhadores favelados”. Em A Invenção das Favelas (2005), Valladares discutiu as favelas como uma representação e invenção social do século XX. Partindo desse marco analítico compartilhado e discutido por outros autores, construímos uma escala de comparação entre Rio de Janeiro e Belo Horizonte. Na primeira parte da tese, compreendemos essa representação como o resultado de um processo identificação. Como observou Noriel, em L’Identification (2006), o Estado moderno foi um dos maiores produtores de tecnologias de identificação, dispositivos de poder que visam conhecer, classificar e governar as populações num dado território. Investigamos como as práticas estatais no Rio de Janeiro e em Belo Horizonte constituíram representações das favelas, delineando um discurso e um dispositivo de poder sobre os territórios da pobreza através de legislações, censos e comissões de estudo. As analogias, particularidades e trocas instituídas no processo de identificação são analisadas, observando a formação de uma retórica da marginalidade social no âmbito do Estado, reproduzindo estigmas sociais, mas também gerando oportunidades para reivindicação de direitos. Nesse sentido, na segunda parte da tese, analisamos os movimentos dos “trabalhadores favelados”, organizados pela União dos Trabalhadores Favelados (UTF) no Rio de Janeiro e Federação dos Trabalhadores Favelados de Belo Horizonte (FTFBH). Compreendemos a forma como esses movimentos sociais organizaram repertórios de ação, apropriando-se da identificação das favelas para reivindicar direitos, mobilizaram-se eleitoralmente, vinculando-se a grupos de esquerda, e propuseram projetos de reforma urbana.
Resumo:
This research analyzes the actual Historic-Architectural Heritage of Assú City which is located in Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, the study is based on both Assú s residents perception and technician s viewpoint. It looks forward to expose this community s relationship with the existing number of historic buildings, the scale of people s identity to the place and the association of this perception toward the preservation and conservation s scale of the historic settlement. Since the contextualization of the degradation s process of central areas, the study draw nea initially the conceptual aspects, focusing on the debate about heritage and the preservationist practice. The work complements the discussion through an approach on people-environment relationship and environmental perception, considering relevant factors for planning process. The obtained and presented data had diagnosed the condition of the architectural pile and also allowed this work to formulate recommendations for the studied area and architectural set in order to contribute for future urban politics implementation that consider the building, which are not only important to the considered population, but to the Rio Grande do Norte s History, as well
Resumo:
Contemporary studies have shown that the evolution of the heritage concepts is accompanied by an affirmation of the importance of social participation in recognizing heritage values and in managing cultural assets. We used the Brazilian context to emphasize the challenges for democratizing this process. This problematic is discussed based on the cases of Cidade Altaand Ribeira, neighborhoods that date from the formation of Natal-RNand have cultural assets recognized by levels of government. The study builds elements to answer the research question: what meanings and representations does the culturalheritage in the case study have for its users? The research method analyzes the representations and the meanings of the neighborhoods, firstly is based on historiographical studies, memories records of the city and on the process of heritage management. Secondly, it isbased on the field research, it is structured in environmental perception studies (areas of Environmental Psychology, Architecture and Urbanism) and has been applied with users with different bonds with the studied environment (residents, workers and visitors). The data were obtained with the multi-method which included direct observation, questionnaire survey and mentalmaps (that replicate Kevin Lynch). The analysis of result verified the research hypothesis, emphasizing aspects of the relationship between users and cultural heritage relevant to strengthening collective memory, local identity, contributing to heritage management. Among the results, the socio-environmental image obtained which emphasized a "cultural axis" linkingboth studied neighborhoods and confirms the influences of elements rein the memories records of the city and in the area s management. Identified aspects to strengthen the relationship between the users and cultural assets, such as the presence of placeswith affective ties to certain groups, as well as the need to fight off negative images (of degradation and insecurity) associated to the site and also expand the participation of the population, including residents, in policies and cultural activities. After all, recognition of value and the involvement of societycultural assets have the potential of contribute to integrate city development with heritage conservation
Resumo:
The study made in this thesis analyzes the new form of work organization at the urban collective transportation sector, so called Altemative Transportation which is a new form of public transportation that appears in the Brazilian urban context by the mid ninety' s, this work is made by independent or sub-contracted workers, usually organized in cooperatives . It reflects the investigation of new forms of precarious work, unformal which has been expanding in the urban transportation sector. Thus, discusses non regulation of the services sector problem the ways of survival of exc1uded workers from the formal work market mainly afier the capital productive restructure. It has as privileged area of investigation, the sector policy of urban transportation that make field of the main nets of political articulations that define the dynamic of the urban space. It is known that the urban collective transportation allows the access to the production, circulation and general consumption being necessary to the mobility of the resident population, mainly to those with low purchasing capacity. It becomes a field of empirical investigation at the Belem municipal, located at the Amazonic region - north Brazil. The main points dealed on this research start from concrete relations from the daily life of workers that deve1op their activity on the altemative transport mediated with theoretical references needed for understanding and interpretation of the studied reality. The investigation strategies were built from the abstract (theorical knowledge produced for the reality analyze) in concrete by the investigation quantitative-qualitative from this area of urban policy, making up possible the formation of a references chart to the analyses of the studied subject. Rescue his historicity, from characterization of the urban space of the metropolitan region of Belem passing true the forms of organization and urban services performances while essential production and reproduction element of the social relations. Identifies the main individuals that historically have been participating in the construction of the municipality transport policy and the ways of expression of the local political strength relations. Outstand the State paper on the net of established relations near the local power, as well as outstand the importance of social sciences in the understanding of urban policies in the transportation area, trying to bring input to the academicals -scientific debate .The above e1ected and mentioned points in this study are crucial for a critical reflection of the transportation policies. That relation is not given, but historically built at the power relation chart that makes up this unique area of the urban policies
Resumo:
The public and private politics that was implemented in Natal, have always been attracting, great contingent of people in search of employments. However, not always, they can attend the migratory demands. Recently, Nova Parnamirim that is situated in the municipal district of Parnamirim - RN, due to proximity with Natal, it is passing for an intensive and accelerated occupation process impelled by the urban politics that created and they determined new diversities, leaning in the growth of the modern tertiary. In this context, Nova Parnamirim is suffering, along the time, substantial transformations in your espace, so much of nature social as environmental, that are affecting in the quality of your residents' life. This fact is mainly linked in the absence of an appropriate urban planning that have to be considered as an instrument norteador of the development of the city in its constant construction process. The study has as objective to analyze the social-space dynamics of the area and their implications, identifying the principal agents that promote and they benefit of that urbanization process. For the ccomplishment of this research it was executed bibliographical readings that turn of theoretical studies about the urban subjects and enviroments, besides field activities for the rising of the data investigated in the methodological approach
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía
Resumo:
Incluye Bibliografía