998 resultados para Mecanismos de proteção


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The constant misuse of land in Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) have been recurrent, especially in urban areas, where the dynamics of change is constant. The protection of these areas to maintain a balance in the ecosystem and the population's quality of life is fundamentally important. So it is of utmost important to draw up a mechanism that can help in decision-making in relation to measures for the protection, mitigation of damages that are being caused and revitalization of these areas. Thus, a managing these areas based on the PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) in order to create mechanisms to facilitate the protection and revitalization of APPs, could be of great help for making public decision-making bodies that are entrusted to protect such areas. Based on this, we elaborated a project management in order to revitalize and protect the APPs in urban area of Rio Claro, SP and could become a model for future use by public bodies

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Trabalho apresentado no III Simpósio Internacional LAVITS: Vigilância, Tecnopolíticas, Territórios 13 à 15 de Maio, 2015. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que buscou investigar a percepção de fatores de risco e de proteção à saúde em adolescentes usuários de redes sociais na internet, caracterizar as experiências emocionais dos adolescentes, usuários das redes sociais da internet e discutir a contribuição das experiências das amizades virtuais para o vínculo afetivo no âmbito presencial. Esse trabalho foi realizado com 13 adolescentes, entre 16 e 18 anos, estudantes do Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial de São Paulo (SENAC São Paulo), no período de fevereiro a Julho de 2011, foi utilizado como instrumento para obtenção dos dados o Grupo Focal e o conteúdo foi registrado por meio de um gravador de voz e transcrito posteriormente. A análise dos dados foi realizada através da Grounded Theory. Durante esse estudo foi possível investigar os fatores de risco e de proteção à saúde em adolescentes usuários das redes sociais na internet, destacamos alguns mecanismos importantes de proteção, como o bloqueio de suas informações pessoais a desconhecidos para se protegerem de riscos decorrentes de uso indevido do material postado na rede.

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The Federal Constitution of 1988 gave special treatment to the issue of the environment, raising this diffuse right to the status of a fundamental right. In order to preserve it, the constitutional order is provided with various means to this purpose, including the possibility of using taxation. Several principles both constitutional, as infraconstitucional, support the use of taxation as a legal instrument to protect the environment. There is an intense legal debate about the suitability, characteristics, purposes and principles which underlie and restrict the environmental taxation. Discussions and proposals for reform of the tax system in order to include the ecological aspect at its core have been developed. The use of taxation as a way to fund public expenditures related to environmental causes, promote the internalization of negative externalities and as a way to induce behavior to benefit the environment finds support in the Brazilian legal system. This paper seeks to demonstrate that the national tax system is fully able to act as a tool available to the state for the implementation of the fundamental right to an ecologically balanced environment, whether through the taxes fiscal role or due, mainly, through the phenomenon of extrafiscality. Also, it is intended, through doctrinal, jurisprudential analysis and concrete cases, to investigate whether the tax system can be effective in protecting the environment in the way it is currently constructed, or if there is need to proceed with changes in its structure in order to achieve this goal

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T. gondii can infect the gut mucosa by direct invasion of epithelial cells in the small intestine and these cells may respond directly to infection promoting a local immune response. C57BL/6 mice orally infected with a high parasitic load of T.gondii are highly susceptible, presenting a lethal ileitis. Recently, it was demonstrated that pretreatment with STAg protects C57BL/6 mice against intestinal pathology in oral T. gondii infection. To investigate the mechanisms induced by STAg in the small intestine in oral T.gondii infection, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were treated with STAg 48 hours before oral infection with 30 ME-49 cysts and sacrificed at 8 days of infection. Previous treatment with STAg were able of decrease parasitism and pathology in peripheral organs of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice and induced a increase in amounts of goblet cells, IgA positive cells, Paneth cells and expression of cryptidin in the small intestine of both lineages of mice, moreover BALB/c mice presented higher amount of these cells comparing with C57BL/6 mice. The results suggests that STAg is able of promoting protective mechanisms in both lineages of mice, although these protection is more evidenced in BALB/c mice, and these mechanisms could be in part mediated by increase in goblet, Paneth and local secretion of IgA in the small intestine of mice orally infected with T.gondii.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, 2016.

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In this paper a water quality index is developed to subsidize management actions in the Atibaia River for upon protection of aquatic organisms. This index is composed of two measurable environmental parameters normaly, ammonia and dissolved oxygen, the latter representing the contribution of organic matter. Concentrations of these two variables were normalized on a scale from 0 to 100 and translated into statements of quality (excellent, good, regular, bad and very bad). The index was applied to three monitoring points in the Atibaia River and compared to other indices used by the State of São Paulo Environmental Agency (CETESB). The results showed that the degradation in this watershed follows the urban population density. The developed index is more restricted than the other ones routinely used to infer water quality.

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Fundamental aspects of the conception and applications of ecomaterials, in particular porous materials in the perspective of green chemistry are discussed in this paper. General recommendations for description and classification of porous materials are reviewed briefly. By way of illustration, some case studies of materials design and applications in pollution detection and remediation are described. It is shown here how different materials developed by our groups, such as porous glasses, ecomaterials from biomass and anionic clays were programmed to perform specific functions. A discussion of the present and future of ecomaterials in green chemistry is presented along with important key goals.

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Glass-ceramics are prepared by controlled separation of crystal phases in glasses, leading to uniform and dense grain structures. On the other hand, chemical leaching of soluble crystal phases yields porous glass-ceramics with important applications. Here, glass/ceramic interfaces of niobo-, vanado- and titano-phosphate glasses were studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy, whose spatial resolution revealed the multiphase structures. Phase-separation mechanisms were also determined by this technique, revealing that interface composition remained unchanged as the crystallization front advanced for niobo- and vanadophosphate glasses (interface-controlled crystallization). For titanophosphate glasses, phase composition changed continuously with time up to the equilibrium composition, indicating a spinodal-type phase separation.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física