Adelle de Oliveira: trajetória de vida e prática Pedagógica (1900-1940)

This work analyses pedagogical practices of Adelle Sobral de Oliveira, from 1900 to 1940, in order to notice how her performance as educator and administrator took place in Externato Angelo Varela in the Rio Grande do Norte city of Ceará-Mirim within a time in which the public teaching started to be considered modern in the State. Adelle was a self learner who developed an important role as a mentality mentor of a generation in the region. As the research corpus we have taken the five Reading Books written by Felisberto de Carvalho used by Adelle in her Externato, interviews with her ex-students and researches in the newspapers of her time, in the Public Archives and in the Historical and Geographic Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, and also in the governors messages, Education Department documents such as laws, and government decrees and acts. It was also taken as a research font the Publich Archives of Ceará-Mirim. The aim of this PhD thesis is understand the primary instruction spreading and modernization in the countryside of Rio Grande do Norte, which began with her teaching pedagogical practices. The research results show Adele Oliveira used practical and experimental modern methodological teaching methods in the subjects she taught. Due to this, in her scholar routine, she avoided physical punishment and mechanical teaching and learning strategies

Anayde Beiriz e a escrita de si: (Educação, história e relações de gênero)

Le thème de cette dissertation est l Histoire de l éducation de la femme. Une analyse des pratiques culturelles de la professeur Anayde da Costa Beiriz (1905-1930), dans le contexte paraibanais du début du XXe siècle, est proposée. Le référentiel théoricométhodologique de l Histoire Culturelle est utilisé, pour aller contre l histoire passée sous silence dans le canon traditionnel. Basée sur le concept de représentation (Chartier, 1990), rompant avec les anciennes idées de sens intrinsèque, absolu, unique, liée aux pratiques complexes, multiples et différenciées, qui construisent le monde comme représentation. Basée aussi sur le concept de configuration (Elias, 1980), en comprenant que apparemment individu et société sont deux objets qui existent indépendamment, mais en vérité, se rapportent à deux niveaux inséparables du monde social, sont unis par des liens d interdépendance. Un dialogue est recherché entre le passé et le présent et les différentes dimensions: historique, sociale, politique et culturelle vécues par la professeur Anayde Beiriz. Pour obtenir des informations sur ses pratiques culturelles, une recherche des marques de cette histoire dans de multiples sources est effectuée: dans la bibliographie disponible parmi les domaines de la littérature, de l histoire, dês sciences sociales et de l éducation; dans des archives de l Institut Historique et Géographique de la Paraiba et de Natal; dans les Bibliothèques de l Université Fédérale de la Paraiba et du Rio Grande do Norte et chez des bouquinistes. L inventaire comprend: des périodiques, la législation en vigueur, des écrits de contemporains, dês témoignages oraux de parents, des lettres et des photos. On comprend de cette façon, que l idée d éplucher au travers de cette étude, des aspects qui n ont pas encore été vus et rappelés, peut non seulement répondre à nos doutes, mais, peut à partir de la réflexion qui se fait, se traduire par une nouvelle compréhension de cette histoire. En conclusion, des significations multiples sont contenues dans le processus d insertion de la femme dans l éducation à partir des Écoles Normales, qui englobent les relations de genre, l histoire du pouvoir, de la morale, de surpassement, des luttes et insatisfactions. On perçoit l héritage de résistances et de conquêtes. Cela a été sous l inspiration des airs de la modernité avec la Belle Époque, en répercutant dans le monde et aussi dans la Parahyba du Nord, que s est concrétisée la formation sociale de la professeur Anayde Beiriz et des femmes de son temps. L analyse de l écriture de soi confirme le discours normatif du contrôle moral social, le joug et les préjugés soufferts par Anayde Beiriz et l éducation différencié de genre qui ont déterminé ses habitudes et coutumes. C est-àdire, pour la femme, la permanence dans l espace privé, la retenue, l anoblissement des tâches ménagères et de la maternité comme sa plus haute aspiration, le support moral de la famille, la préservation de la tradition et la perpétuation des règles religieuses

As mudanças da educação do RN nos idos de 1950 e 1960 :a prática de Lia Campos

The present study investigates and analyzes the participation of the teacher Lia Campos, during the 50 s and 60 s years, in the norte-riograndense educational organization. The choice of the period is justified because was at this the time what this teacher remained in the potiguar lands, working in favor of the education. In the search of data that informed me concerning her actions, I cover quantities as the Public Archive of the Great River of the North, Historical Institute and Geographic of the Rio Grande do Norte and the Center of Supplementary Studies Teacher Lia Campos, in the task to obtain photographs and verbal stories of friends and fellow workers, periodicals of the time, laws and decrees. Based on the primary education, the work of Lia Campos shows the relevance of the teaching formation for this level of education and the way as the ones that in it work can lead their conceptions and daily practical tasks. This way, I evidence that the cited teacher promotes, in this State, a series of activities as: survey and systematization of the school net; organization of the administrative stuff of the schools; qualifications and courses of improving for lay professors, as well as implantation of the Law of the Education nº 2.171/1957. Through this analysis I show as this teacher left printed her mark in the Rio Grande do Norte historiography by means of her actions, being therefore remembered for that they had followed her experience in norte-riograndense lands

O grupo escolar modelo augusto severo (1908-1928): vinte anos de formação de professores

Ce travail a pour objet d'étude le Groupe Scolaire Augusto Severo, situé à Natal, première institution du type dans l'État du Rio Grande do Norte. Il analyse la pratique pédagogique, le modèle d'éducation primaire et d'expérimentation des personnes en formation de l'École Normale de Natal, entre 1908 et l'année de 1928. Dans cette période, se sont produites des tentatives d'organisation scolaire par le biais de la Réforme de l‟Enseignement Primaire (1908) et de la Réforme de l‟Enseignement (1916). Nous nous sommes basés sur l'Histoire Culturelle définie à travers la conjonction de l'histoire des objets dans sa matérialité, des pratiques dans leurs différences et configurations, des dispositifs dans leurs variations. Nous avons utilisé les journaux A República et Diário do Natal, la revue Pedagogium, des Lois, des Décrets et Messages du Gouvernement, des Codes d'Enseignement et le Régime Interne des Groupes Scolaires, documents qui proviennent du fonds de l'Institut Historique et Géographique do Rio Grande do Norte (IHGRN) et des sources iconographiques, provenant de l'Institut du Patrimoine Historique et Artistique National (IPHAN/RN). Dans les Archives Publiques de l‟Etat (APE/RN) nous avons recherché les Livres d'Enregistrement des Groupes Scolaires et Écoles Isolées, Offices, Inscriptions, Rapports et Actes de réunions de la Direction Générale de l'Instruction Publique et Journal de Classe. Nous avons analysé l'action des professeurs dans cette institution primaire, ainsi que l'histoire des disciplines scolaires et des programmes d'enseignement, la problématique des contenus et méthodes. Nous avons observé que la méthode intuitive était la dynamique de la pratique pédagogique efficace et que les rites de récompense, les cérémonies civiques composaient l‟ensemble des idées modernisatrices de l‟époque

A escola normal de natal (Rio Grande do Norte, 1908-1971)

The research aims to analyze Professor Education in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte-Brazil in the period of 1908 to 1971. The work falls under the theme History of Scholar Institutions as well as Professor Education. The research investigates the evolution of the so called Normal School, a school that aimed professor education. It was based on assumptions by works of Chartier (1990), Chervel (1990), Elias (1994), Nóvoa (1987), Schriewer (2000), amongst others. The research dealt with a great array of documents in different institutions such as Minutes, Public Instruction Management Reports, Laws, newspaper articles (from the newspaper A Capital, A Ordem e A República), magazines such as Pedagogium (1921-1940); all of which present in the Geographical and Historical Institute of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil. In the State´s public archive it was possible to find a book called Livro de Honra (1914-1919) as well as class diaries and books that contained details related to Scholar group Inscriptions. In the Atheneu Memorial the Atheneu Congregation of Normal School (1897) document was analyzed. In the Kennedy Superior Institute the researcher analyzed the Professor Nominal Graduation Registry Book. The work proposes a comparative study regarding the genesis present in the Lisbon Primary Normal School and the ones situated in Natal. The analysis dealt with institutional meanings attributed by educators. Documents from The Portuguese National Library as well as the Lisbon Superior Education School were analyzed. In this in environment, it was possible to analyze documents such as Minutes, Books, Manuals, Internal Regiments related to Pedagogy. The study allowed acknowledging that these Normal Schools emerged from the same historical substrate and present consonance between the two countries regarding once both were associated with politicians, professors, doctors, hygienists and professionals evolved with education. It was also possible to acknowledge that there is a presence of a pedagogical discourse attached to the primary school universe and professor education. The Natal Normal School was present in different contexts and was consolidated as an institution that was responsible for the education and preparation of primary school teachers. The school was considered a locus where it was possible to produce and work with specific knowledge in a peculiar fashion. This knowledge provided the necessary support for professor education and was in accordance with the world´s professional pedagogical movement as well as ideas, discussions and reflections. This school was considered a space for pedagogical activities, professional affirmation allowing action reflection enabling professor representation as knowledge producers legitimating professor instruction

Anália Maciel: a educadora, a escola, a cidade

This study aims to reconstruct the story of Education of the School called Desembargador Vicente de Lemos in the city of Senador Elói de Souza in Rio Grande do Norte in Natal- Brazil. This is done considering activities that were realized by the teacher Anália Maciel. Since the worl deals with an investigation that is related to Cultural History field, the research emphasized the school as well as the presence of female teachers, in particular Anália Maciel. Concepts present in the work of Chartier (1990), Burke (1992), Le Goff (1992) and Morais (2002) were used in order to comprehend the transformation process in which local schools have been through. This is also done considering the state educational actions of behalf of the teacher. The documental fonts regarded available records such as Governmental correspondence, Law and Decrees. The information fonts used were available at the The Geographical and Historical Institute of Rio Grande do Norte as well as the State s Public Archive. Other information fonts were newspapers such as A República, Diário de Natal and Tribuna do Norte. Some people that were contemporary with the teacher and were there when the school was created were interviewed. Discourses from the decades of 1930 and 1940 were analyzed. The research was guided by the History of Education and Scholar Institution field of analysis. The research also allows to reflect on the pedagogical practices of the time and permits to understand a past-still present -as well as all the development of process that the education went through in the historical context of the city of Senador Elói de Souza. It was also possible to acknowledge that the creation of the school represented thoroughly a landmark in the education in this city and it contributed in a determinant manner for the formation of the students

Do mestre aos discípulos: o legado educacional de Nestor dos Santos Lima (1910-1930)

Cette étude analyse La pratique pédagogique de l éducateur norte-rio-grandense Nestor dos Santos Lima, de 1910 a 1930, période ou se concentre son plus grand nombre de publications sur lês questions scolaires. Nous désirons comprendre de quelle forme cet intelectuel a contribué au développement du systeème d enseignement primaire à travers sés écrits sur lês principes et méthodes de l enseignement de la lecture et à l écriture, appliqués dans lês Groupes Scolaires de l État. Nestor Lima a joué um grand role dans la sociaété, à la tetê de fonctoins comme celle de La présidence de l Institut Historique e Geographique du Rio Grande do Norte (IHGRN), directeur de lÉcole Normale de Natal et du Dápartament d Education de État. Il a pulié de diverses oeuvres de caractere scolaire, comme lês Régiments Internes pour lês Groupes Scolaires, Écoles Isolées, Écoles Rudimentaires et Conseil d Education. Dans cette étude, nous mettons em évidence lês leçons de métodologique pour l enseignement de la lecture ET de évidence lês leçons de metodologie pour l enseignement de la lecture et de l ecriture, adresses aus eleves de lÉcole Normale de Natal, publiées dans la colonne Pádagogie du journal A República. Dans ces matièrs, nous observons que lês aspects qui composaient la pratique développe par Nestor Lima impliquaient lês questions Morales et civiques, la preocupation de la formation enseignante à l École Normale de Natal et le Célibat Pédagogique Féminin. Nous observons que la preocupations dês pratiques de lecture et lécriture sont presentes dans l oeuvre de cet éducateur comme legs important aux générations qui se succédent. Il est évident qu Il a cherché das sés productions une meilleure qualification dês enseignants pour que le niveau de l enseignement primaire puísse ainsi évoluer

Luiz Antônio dos Santos Lima e o seu legado educacional (Natal/RN, 1910-1961)

This research aims to analyze the intellectual practice of Luiz Antônio Ferreira Souto dos Santos Lima. This is done considering the author´s legacy related to the History of Education in Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil in the time span of 1910 to 1961. Thus, the research is grounded on assumptions that rely on the Cultural History field. The research also dealt with dialogues between the author and Chartier (1990), Elias (1994), Morais (2003; 2006), as well as Gondra (2003). For the bibliographical research the work dealt with a vast array of documents such as newspapers called A República and Diário do Natal, Pedagogium, Revista do ensino, as well as state laws and decrees These documents were obtained at the Historical and Geographical Institute in Rio Grande do Norte. The research also dealt with School Bylaws and a medical doctoral thesis called Mental Hygiene and Education that was written by Luiz Antônio dos Santos Lima. Other documents were obtained at the State´s Public Archive, such as the Book of Honor, Work Records, Reports and Minutes of the General Directorate of Public Instruction Meetings. It was possible to infer that professor Luiz Antônio dos Santos Lima was teacher at Grupo Escolar Augusto Severo, the Atheneu as well as some local grade schools. The professor had a broad role in society, in administrative positions such as the Presidency of the Association of Teachers of Rio Grande do Norte, as Grade School Director in the School of Pharmacy and the State Education Department. He was also a member of the Academy of Arts and a partner at Historical and Geographical Institute in Rio Grande do Norte. The professor has also concerned with issues related to teaching good habits such as feeding, grooming, discipline, game morals, temperance, smoking, sex education; all of which necessary for the formation of healthy children. He was an enthusiast of an intuitive method and teaching lessons through practice, that he considered key elements in education. It is seen that professor Luiz Antônio dos Santos Lima had presence in the State´s health education and that his ideals were line with the ideal of modernity of the early twentieth century

O (in)imaginável elefante mal-ajambrado: a questão de limites entre o Ceará e o Rio Grande do Norte e o exame da formação espacial e identitária norte-rio-grandense na Primeira República

This study s main goal is to analyze the way the limits between Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte states, the so called Grossos matter, has been associated to the norte-rio-grandense spacial and identity formation during the first republic period. Thus, a consistet number of sources: RN and CE old newspapers, as well as a república from Natal and Fortaleza and o mossoroense ; historical drafts from the historical and geographical institute associated and historical, gographical and anthropological institute of Ceará; the Ação Cível Originária de nº 6 from the supreme federal tribunal and many other cartographies. The documents haven t been hierarchized, neither accepted as proof effects, but understood as the base matter for this text composition by the deconstruction of the analyzed discusses. In order to do that the ablação or bricolagem method, without quotations marks or long quotations themselves, has been used. Along the three analyzed charpters: the two phases the litigious was found, since its beginning yet in the XVIII century until 1888 and its return within the republic proclamation, in the 1920 resolution; the development of the documental, historical and identity dispute between IHGA-CE and IHG-RN; and, at last, the political game existing between the Albuquerque Maranhão oligarchy , Manuel Pereira Reis and Rui Barbosa, explaining the intentions, silent and miths built along the time by these intellectual participations

Cólera e gentes de cores ou o acesso aos socorros públicos no século XIX

A diversidade étnica no Grão-Pará, na época da cólera, está estampada nas categorias anotadas pelos profissionais de saúde, pelos viajantes e pelos publicistas que registraram as nuanças relativas à cor e à etnia de cada uma das vítimas da epidemia. Arrolados como indígenas, as vítimas caboclas, índias, e tapuias somam 205 almas; e, como negros, vítimas cafuzas, mamelucas, mulatas, pardas e pretas chegam a 646, enquanto os brancos somam 184. As gentes de cores abatidas pela epidemia constituem 82% dos mortos sepultados na Soledade. A cólera "escolhe" ou não suas vítimas? É cega em relação à condição social, à cor e à etnia dos grupos que flagela? São as perguntas que se fazem tendo como campo empírico a epidemia ocorrida no século XIX, e o acesso aos socorros públicos na Belém do Grão-Pará, trabalhando documentos depositados no Arquivo Público do Estado do Pará (APEP) e no Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Pará (IHGP).

Contribuição de Silvio Romero para o currículo da escola elementar no século XIX

Apresentamos uma análise da obra História do Brasil Ensinada pela Biografia de seus Heróis - Ensino Cívico - livro para as classes primárias, lançado em 1890 por Silvio Romero pela Livraria Editora Francisco Alves. A obra teve pelo menos nove edições (a oitava datada de 1908 e a nona de 1913), o que sugere algum sucesso num momento em que os livros de leitura e as cartilhas eram os únicos (ou os principais) livros a que os alunos da escola primária tinham acesso. Concebida para “substituir pela biografia a instrução cívica”, Historia do Brasil evidencia a convergência, no século XIX, da produção de saberes acerca da realidade nacional (particularmente no Instituto Histórico e Geográco Brasileiro e na Academia Brasileira de Letras) com a nacionalização os currículos.

Historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX : Joaquim Manuel de Macedo y sus Lecciones

El Proceso de Independencia brasileño ocurrido en 1822 ha impuesto a la intelectualidad de la Nación recién Formada la Necesidad de Pensar y Construir su Historia Relación pecado con los designios de Portugal. Dos Espacios concibieron e irradiaron los Conocimientos Acerca de la Historia brasileña: el Colegio de Pedro II (1837) y el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico Brasileño (1838). En ESE contexto Joaquim Manuel de Macedo escribio la obra "Liçoes de Historia do Brasil" (1861) Presentando ONU Método para Enseñar y estudiar la Historia Nacional. Propongo En Esta Reflexión ONU Diálogo con la historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX desde la Obra "Liçoes" de Macedo y Tomando Como directriz los Contenidos Relacionados a la Guerra del Paraguay.

Historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX : Joaquim Manuel de Macedo y sus Lecciones

El Proceso de Independencia brasileño ocurrido en 1822 ha impuesto a la intelectualidad de la Nación recién Formada la Necesidad de Pensar y Construir su Historia Relación pecado con los designios de Portugal. Dos Espacios concibieron e irradiaron los Conocimientos Acerca de la Historia brasileña: el Colegio de Pedro II (1837) y el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico Brasileño (1838). En ESE contexto Joaquim Manuel de Macedo escribio la obra "Liçoes de Historia do Brasil" (1861) Presentando ONU Método para Enseñar y estudiar la Historia Nacional. Propongo En Esta Reflexión ONU Diálogo con la historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX desde la Obra "Liçoes" de Macedo y Tomando Como directriz los Contenidos Relacionados a la Guerra del Paraguay.

Historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX : Joaquim Manuel de Macedo y sus Lecciones

El Proceso de Independencia brasileño ocurrido en 1822 ha impuesto a la intelectualidad de la Nación recién Formada la Necesidad de Pensar y Construir su Historia Relación pecado con los designios de Portugal. Dos Espacios concibieron e irradiaron los Conocimientos Acerca de la Historia brasileña: el Colegio de Pedro II (1837) y el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico Brasileño (1838). En ESE contexto Joaquim Manuel de Macedo escribio la obra "Liçoes de Historia do Brasil" (1861) Presentando ONU Método para Enseñar y estudiar la Historia Nacional. Propongo En Esta Reflexión ONU Diálogo con la historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX desde la Obra "Liçoes" de Macedo y Tomando Como directriz los Contenidos Relacionados a la Guerra del Paraguay.

El poeta oriental Bartolomé Hidalgo,

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