Ethiques de la description: naissance de l'imagination typologique en France, dans le roman et la sociologie (1820-1860)

Résumé: Ce travail d'histoire comparée de la littérature et de la sociologie s'interroge sur l'émergence de la notion de type dans les pratiques de description du monde social au cours des années 1820-1860. A partir de l'analyse des opérations de schématisation engagées par Honoré Balzac dans La Comédie humaine et par Frédéric Le Play dans Les Ouvriers européens, soit deux oeuvres que tout semble éloigner du point de vue de leurs ambitions, de leur forme, et de la trajectoire de leur auteur, mais qui toutes deux placent cependant la typification au centre de leur dispositif, il s'est agi de produire une histoire de l'imagination typologique, et des ontologies, sociales ou non, qui lui furent associées. Aussi le corpus intègre-t-il des textes d'histoire naturelle, de sciences médicales, d'histoire, de chimie, de géologie, de métallurgie, et, bien évidemment, les genres du roman sentimental, du roman historique et de la littérature panoramique, ainsi que les enquêtes ouvrières et la statistique. Abstract: This work offers a compared history of literature and sociology in France between 1820 and 1860. During that period, the notion of type appears in the literary and sociological descriptions of social reality, and becomes more and more central in the apprehension of the differenciations among classes, communities or groups. Based on the analysis of Honoré Balzac's La Comédie humaine and Frédéric Le Play's Les Ouvriers européens, this study shows that these two series of novels and of workers' monographies put typification at the center of their descriptive ambition. More broadly, it proposes a history of the uses of a typological imagination and of the ontologies, above all social, that were underlying them. That is why the texts also taken into account in this study ranges from natural history, medical sciences, history, chemistry geology and metallurgy, to the sentimental novel, the historical novel and the panoramic literature, as well as social inquiries and statistics.

Lire, écrire : d'un désir l'autre : le "roman de Meliadus" du XIIIe au XVIIIe siècle

Continuation elleptique du Tristan en prose, qui s'inscrit dans l'interstice séparant la naissance de Tristan du remariage de Méliadus avec la fille du roi Hoël, le Roman de Meliadus (1235-1240) est une oeuvre fondamentalement ouverte, de par son inachèvement et de par le dialogue constant qu'il instaure avec les autres romans arthuriens. S'il revendique sa filiation et assume son statut de récit puîné, les réminiscences qu'il exhibe masquent aussi les gauchissements, les infléchissements qui lui permettent de faire du neuf avec du vieux. C'est ce jeu - aux deux sens du terme - que cette étude se propose de mettre en lumière et de voir fonctionner, non seulement dans le Roman de Meliadus proprement dit, mais également dans trois de ses relectures, qui actualisent et renouvellent la signification du roman en profondeur. La première est une continuation qui date de la toute fin du XIIIe ou du début du XIVe siècle et qui est aujourd'hui conservée par le seul manuscrit Ferrell 5. La deuxième actualisation retenue est celle qu'offre Meliadus de Leonnoys, l'imprimé publié en 1528 par Galliot du Pré, puis en 1532 par Denis Janot, fruit d'un minutieux travail de découpage et de remontage. La dernière enfin est l'extrait paru en 1776 dans la Bibliothèque Universelle des Romans sous le titre Méliadus de Léonnois. An ellipitic continuation of the Prose Tristan, which inscribes itself in the space separating the birth of Tristan from Meliadus' new marriage with king Hoël's daughter, the Meliadus' romance (1235-1240) is essentially an open text on account of its incompleteness and the dialogue it establishes with other arthurian romances. Even asserting filiation status, the reminiscences also show the reshaping and the inflection that allow the text to transform old into new. Analyzing this game is the central purpose of this work; to observe the operation in the Meliadus' romance, as well as in three of its recuperations that profoundly renew the significance of the novel; beginning with a continuation from the end of the 13th century or the early 14th century, preserved nowadays in only one manuscript (Ferrel 5); followed by the meticulous work of cutting and reassembling offered by the Meliadus of Leonnoys (printed by Galliot du Pré in 1528 first and again by Denis Janot in 1532) and finally an excerpt published in 1776 in the Bibliothèque Universelle des Romans with the title Méliadus of Leonnois.

Issuing temperature guidance to consumers on the cooking and storage of food

Temperature control is critical to ensuring food safety for all consumers, currently there is much advice and guidance to consumers on this matter.

Cooking meat safely

Sometimes it's hard to tell when burgers and sausages are properly cooked and ready to eat. These meats can contain harmful bacteria throughout and it is important that they are cooked thoroughly to make them safe to eat.

WTID Nutrition and Cooking Classes

In partnership with the VEC WTID has delivered Nutrition Level 5 FETAC to a group of 24 learners, 4 being members of the Travelling community.  This module was also delivered to 5 Childcare staff at WTIDs pre-school service. Staff of the Harmony Afterschool Service undertakes baking activities each week with the children. Group work has been facilitated with 16 men who were on a BTEI on salt, sugar, caffeine and fibre, as well as with a young girls group on food tasting of various fruits, cheeses and how to make healthy potato wedges and other healthy snacks. WTID as part of the local Traveller Interagency Group are writing a well-being manual to be used with community groups working with Travellers- Healthy Eating is a module of this manual. Plans are in place to run a First Instincts Men's Health programme which will run over an 8 week period with workshops, weigh ins and provision of a healthy breakfast on each morning. HSE West; FAS CE scheme; Involve: Senior Youth Worker; Department of Children and Youth Affairs: Childcare Service; Pobal Initiative Type Community Food Centres Nutrition Education and Training Programmes Location Galway Target Groups At risk youth Children ( 4-12 years) Children (0-4 years) Children (13-18 years) Families Lone parents Men Older people People with mental health difficulties Travellers Unemployed Women Funding HSE West; FAS CE scheme; Involve: Senior Youth Worker; Department of Children and Youth Affairs: Childcare Service; Pobal Partner Agencies Equal Ireland FÁS Galway County Council GCCCC GRD HSE Involve RAPID VEC Adult Education Service

L'Écriture à rebours. Le Roman de Méliadus du XIIIe au XVIIIe siècle

Continuation elleptique du "Tristan en prose", qui s'inscrit dans l'interstice séparant la naissance de Tristan du remariage de Méliadus avec la fille du roi Hoël, le "Roman de Meliadus" (1235-1240) est une oeuvre demeurée ouverte, de par son inachèvement et de par le dialogue constant qu'il instaure avec les autres romans arthuriens. S'il revendique sa filiation et assume son statut de récit puîné, les réminiscences qu'il exhibe masquent aussi les gauchissements, les infléchissements qui lui permettent de faire du neuf avec du vieux. C'est ce jeu - aux deux sens du terme - que Barbara Wahlen étudie et montre à voir, non seulement dans le "Roman de Meliadus" proprement dit, mais également dans trois de ses relectures, qui actualisent et renouvellent la signification du roman en profondeur. La première est une continuation de la toute fin du XIIIe ou du début du XIVe siècle qui est aujourd'hui conservée par le seul manuscrit Ferrell 5. La deuxième actualisation retenue est celle qu'offre "Meliadus de Leonnoys", l'imprimé publié en 1528 par Galliot du Pré, fruit d'un minutieux travail de découpage et de remontage. La dernière enfin est l'extrait paru en 1776 dans la "Bibliothèque Universelle des Romans".

Sulfur isotope analysis of cinnabar from Roman wall paintings by elemental analysis/isotope ratio mass spectrometry - tracking the origin of archaeological red pigments and their authenticity

The most valuable pigment of the Roman wall paintings was the red color obtained from powdered cinnabar (Minium Cinnabaris pigment), the red mercury sulfide (HgS), which was brought from mercury (Hg) deposits in the Roman Empire. To address the question of whether sulfur isotope signatures can serve as a rapid method to establish the provenance of the red pigment in Roman frescoes, we have measured the sulfur isotope composition (delta(34) S value in parts per thousand VCDT) in samples of wall painting from the Roman city Aventicum (Avenches, Vaud, Switzerland) and compared them with values from cinnabar from European mercury deposits (Almaden in Spain, Idria in Slovenia, Monte Amiata in Italy, Moschellandsberg in Germany, and Genepy in France). Our study shows that the delta(34) S values of cinnabar from the studied Roman wall paintings fall within or near to the composition of Almaden cinnabar; thus, the provenance of the raw material may be deduced. This approach may provide information on provenance and authenticity in archaeological, restoration and forensic studies of Roman and Greek frescoes. Copyright (c) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

'Greek' and 'Roman' in Latin Medical Texts. Studies in Cultural Change and Exchange in Ancient Medicine : [Proceedings of the 10th International Conference "Ancient Latin Medical Texts", Lausanne, 2010, November 3rd-6th November]

Latin medical texts transmit medical theories and practices that originated mainly in Greece. This interaction took place through juxtaposition, assimilation and transformation of ideas. 'Greek' and 'Roman' in Latin Medical Texts studies the ways in which this cultural interaction influenced the development of the medical profession and the growth of knowledge of human and animal bodies, and especially how it provided the foundations for innovations in the areas of anatomy, pathology and pharmacology, from the earliest Latin medical texts until well into the medieval world.