JXTA anonymity through a replicated message-based approach

JXTA is a mature set of open protocols, with morethan 10 years of history, that enable the creation and deployment of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, allowing the execution of services in a distributed manner. Throughout its lifecycle, ithas slowly evolved in order to appeal a broad set of different applications. Part of this evolution includes providing basic security capabilities in its protocols in order to achieve some degree of message privacy and authentication. However, undersome contexts, more advanced security requirements should be met, such as anonymity. There are several methods to attain anonymity in generic P2P networks. In this paper, we proposehow to adapt a replicated message-based approach to JXTA, by taking advantage of its idiosyncracies and capabilities.

De "Paraules al vent" a "La Fàbrica": creació, evolució i publicació dels primers poearis de Miquel Martí i Pol

Aquest article té per objecte resseguir la trajectòria de creació i publicació dels primers llibres de Miquel Martí i Pol i mostrar el canvi d’orientació poètica de la seva obra a partir de 1957 i fins a 1961. El «canvi de rumb» experimentat, tal com l’anomenava el mateix autor, va comportar el trànsit de la introspecció dels primers reculls, inclosa l’evolució de la seva crisi religiosa, cap a la «poesia social» d’El poble i La fàbrica.

An ontology to automated learning scenarios? an approach to its knowledge domain

Automation or semi-automation of learning scenariospecifications is one of the least exploredsubjects in the e-learning research area. There isa need for a catalogue of learning scenarios and atechnique to facilitate automated retrieval of stored specifications. This requires constructing anontology with this goal and is justified inthis paper. This ontology must mainlysupport a specification technique for learning scenarios. This ontology should also be useful in the creation and validation of new scenarios as well as in the personalization of learning scenarios or their monitoring. Thus, after justifying the need for this ontology, a first approach of a possible knowledge domain is presented. An example of a concrete learning scenario illustrates some relevant concepts supported by this ontology in order to define the scenario in such a way that it could be easy to automate.

The First Privatization Policy in a Democracy: Selling State-Owned Enterprises in 1948-1950, Puerto Rico

In the 1940s, when the Governor of Puerto Rico was appointed by the US President and the Puerto Rican government was answerable only to the US Federal government, a large state-owned enterprise (SOE) sector was established on the island. Public services such as water, transportation and energy were nationalized, and several new manufacturing SOEs were created to produce cement, glass, shoes, paper and chalkboard, and clay products. These enterprises were created and managed by government-owned corporations. Later on, between 1948 and 1950, under the island’s first elected Governor, the government sold these SOEs to private groups. This paper documents both the creation and the privatization of the SOE sector in Puerto Rico, and analyzes the role played by ideology, political interests, and economic concerns in the decision to privatize them. Whereas ideological factors might have played a significant role in the building of the SOE sector, we find that privatization was driven basically by economic factors, such as the superior efficiency of private firms in the sectors where the SOEs operated, and by the desire to attract private industrial investment to the Puerto Rican economy.

Modeling the transport phenomena within arterial wall: porous media approach

The transport of macromolecules, such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and their accumulation in the layers of the arterial wall play a critical role in the creation and development of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease of large arteries e.g., the aorta, coronary, carotid, and other proximal arteries that involves a distinctive accumulation of LDL and other lipid-bearing materials in the arterial wall. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows the arteries. The flow of oxygen-rich blood to organs and other parts of the body is reduced. This can lead to serious problems, including heart attack, stroke, or even death. It has been proven that the accumulation of macromolecules in the arterial wall depends not only on the ease with which materials enter the wall, but also on the hindrance to the passage of materials out of the wall posed by underlying layers. Therefore, attention was drawn to the fact that the wall structure of large arteries is different than other vessels which are disease-resistant. Atherosclerosis tends to be localized in regions of curvature and branching in arteries where fluid shear stress (shear rate) and other fluid mechanical characteristics deviate from their normal spatial and temporal distribution patterns in straight vessels. On the other hand, the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) residing in the media layer of the arterial wall respond to mechanical stimuli, such as shear stress. Shear stress may affect SMC proliferation and migration from the media layer to intima. This occurs in atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia. The study of blood flow and other body fluids and of heat transport through the arterial wall is one of the advanced applications of porous media in recent years. The arterial wall may be modeled in both macroscopic (as a continuous porous medium) and microscopic scales (as a heterogeneous porous medium). In the present study, the governing equations of mass, heat and momentum transport have been solved for different species and interstitial fluid within the arterial wall by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Simulation models are based on the finite element (FE) and finite volume (FV) methods. The wall structure has been modeled by assuming the wall layers as porous media with different properties. In order to study the heat transport through human tissues, the simulations have been carried out for a non-homogeneous model of porous media. The tissue is composed of blood vessels, cells, and an interstitium. The interstitium consists of interstitial fluid and extracellular fibers. Numerical simulations are performed in a two-dimensional (2D) model to realize the effect of the shape and configuration of the discrete phase on the convective and conductive features of heat transfer, e.g. the interstitium of biological tissues. On the other hand, the governing equations of momentum and mass transport have been solved in the heterogeneous porous media model of the media layer, which has a major role in the transport and accumulation of solutes across the arterial wall. The transport of Adenosine 5´-triphosphate (ATP) is simulated across the media layer as a benchmark to observe how SMCs affect on the species mass transport. In addition, the transport of interstitial fluid has been simulated while the deformation of the media layer (due to high blood pressure) and its constituents such as SMCs are also involved in the model. In this context, the effect of pressure variation on shear stress is investigated over SMCs induced by the interstitial flow both in 2D and three-dimensional (3D) geometries for the media layer. The influence of hypertension (high pressure) on the transport of lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) through deformable arterial wall layers is also studied. This is due to the pressure-driven convective flow across the arterial wall. The intima and media layers are assumed as homogeneous porous media. The results of the present study reveal that ATP concentration over the surface of SMCs and within the bulk of the media layer is significantly dependent on the distribution of cells. Moreover, the shear stress magnitude and distribution over the SMC surface are affected by transmural pressure and the deformation of the media layer of the aorta wall. This work reflects the fact that the second or even subsequent layers of SMCs may bear shear stresses of the same order of magnitude as the first layer does if cells are arranged in an arbitrary manner. This study has brought new insights into the simulation of the arterial wall, as the previous simplifications have been ignored. The configurations of SMCs used here with elliptic cross sections of SMCs closely resemble the physiological conditions of cells. Moreover, the deformation of SMCs with high transmural pressure which follows the media layer compaction has been studied for the first time. On the other hand, results demonstrate that LDL concentration through the intima and media layers changes significantly as wall layers compress with transmural pressure. It was also noticed that the fraction of leaky junctions across the endothelial cells and the area fraction of fenestral pores over the internal elastic lamina affect the LDL distribution dramatically through the thoracic aorta wall. The simulation techniques introduced in this work can also trigger new ideas for simulating porous media involved in any biomedical, biomechanical, chemical, and environmental engineering applications.

Tuotetiedon soveltaminen varastotiedon hallinnan parantamisessa

Inventory data management is defined as an accurate creation and maintenance of item master data, inventory location data and inventory balances per an inventory location. The accuracy of inventory data is dependent of many elements of the product data management like the management of changes during a component’s life-cycle and the accuracy of product configuration in enterprise resource planning systems. Cycle-counting is counting of inventory balances per an inventory location and comparing them to the system data on a daily basis. The Cycle-counting process is a way to measure the accuracy of the inventory data in a company. Through well managed cycle-counting process a company gets a lot of information of their inventory data accuracy. General inaccuracy of the inventory data can’t be fixed through only assigning resources to the cycle-counting but the change requires disciplined following of the defined processes from all parties involved in updating inventory data through a component’s life-cycle. The Processes affecting inventory data are mapped and the appropriate metrics are defined in order to achieve better manageability of the inventory data. The Life-cycles of a single component and of a product are used in evaluation of the processes.

Perustutkimus palveluinnovaatioprosessissa rahoitusalalla

Palveluinnovaatioprosessi voidaan jakaa 5 eri vaiheeseen: strategiasidonnaisuus, perustutkimus, suorituskyvyn analysointi, systeemimuutokset sekä kaupallistaminen. Tästä palveluinnovaatioprosessista voidaan johtaa perustutkimusprosessi rahoitusalalle: strategiasidonnaisuus, ideoiden luonti ja karsinta, suorituskyvyn analysointi, differointimahdollisuuksien kartoittaminen ja palveluinnovaation myynti yritysjohdolle sekä osakkaille. Strategiasidonnaisuudella varmistetaan, että yritys pysyy omalla osaamisalueellansa hyödyntämällä omia ydinkompetenssejaan. Perustutkimus osana palveluinnovaatioprosessia selvittää oleellisimmat tiedot markkinatilanteesta sekä toimii ohjaavana että karsivana tekijänä uuden tuotteen jatkotoimenpiteille. Yrityksen kyvykkyyksien mittaaminen perustutkimusta varten on oleellinen vaihe uuden palvelun vaatimien liiketoiminnallisten muutosten määrittämiseksi. Tuotedifferoinnilla voidaan luoda kilpailullista etua tuotteiden puolesta homogeenisilla markkinoilla, joissa kilpailu tapahtuu pääosin hinnoittelussa. Rahoitusalalla tuotedifferointi voi muodostua haastavaksi kuluttajien suhtautuessa konservatiivisesti uusiin tuotteisiin. Makroekonomisten tekijöiden perusteella voidaan päätellä, että suomalaiset kuluttajat ottavat lainaa tulevaisuudessakin. Asuntolaina on ollut lainamarkkinoilla luottokannan kasvun veturina ja tästä syystä uudet asuntolainan kaltaiset tuotteet voisivat olla menestyksekkäitä. Kilpailu asuntolainamarkkinoilla kulminoituu kolmen hallitsevan kilpailijan ympärille: Osuuspankki, Sampo Pankki ja Nordea. Asuntolainan kaltainen käänteinen asuntolaina voisi olla menestys markkinoilla, jos sitä pystyttäisiin differoimaan kylliksi. Markkinapotentiaali pelkälle käänteiselle asuntolainalle on tällä hetkellä liian alhainen. GE Money Finland ei myöskään pysty tarjoamaan tuotetta yhtä kilpailulliseen hintaan kuin kilpailijansa. GE Money Finlandin tulisi edellä mainituista syistä johtuen pyrkiä differoimaan käänteisen asuntolainan kaltaista tuotettaan Heloc, jotta se menestyisi markkinoilla.

Supporting the Management of the Knowledge Flow from the Customers in CRM through a VCE

Knowledge flow from the customers is an important resource for a company and therefore it should engage its customers in knowledge co-creation. Through providing a virtual customer environment (VCE) as knowledge creation and sharing platform a company can obtain this type of knowledge, which is important for strategic purposes. In the VCE the members of the virtual customer community (VCC) create and share knowledge individually and collectively in diverse roles, utilizing many interaction facilities. Creating a functional VCE is not either easy or quick task and a company needs to analyze various issues carefully. Providing such a VCE in which customers want to share their experiences and insights is however worth of considering, since it brings many benefits for the company. In this research the main benefit is stated as the supportative role of the VCE in the better management of the knowledge flow from the customers.

Identidad territorial y promoción turística: la organización de eventos como estrategia de creación, consolidación y difusión de la imagen de marca del territorio

Gertakizun baten antolaketa paradigmatikoa da in situ bizi izandako lurraldeirudien eraikuntza-prozesuan. Parte-hartzaileen imaginario kolektiboan finkatzeko helburuaz antolatutako gertakizunak direla eta, fabrikatutako lurralde-irudiek – turistikoak zein bestelakoak– sustapen turistikorako alternatiba bitxia planteatzen dute, gertakizunaren kudeaketa-estrategian bertan dagoena. Izan ere, gertakizunak, berez, lurraldearen sustapenerako estrategia garrantzitsua adierazten du; are gehiago, irudien katalizatzaile ere bihur daiteke, eta bere osotasunean hiri-marka bat finkatzeko gai diren imaginarioak sor ditzake. Artikulu honetan, identitate-posizionamenduari eta lurralde-sustapenari dagokienean, gertakizun baten antolaketak eskeintzen dituen aukerak ezagutarazten dira.

Kuormitustestausvälineen valinta Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 – toteutuksessa

Kuormitustestaus on osa web-sovellusten kehitystä ja käyttöönottoa. Sillä varmistetaan sovellusten toimivuus ennalta määrätyn kuorman alla. Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 (MOSS) on palvelintuote nykyaikaisten web-sovellusten luontiin ja ylläpitoon. Työssä vertaillaan kahta eri uormitustestaustyökalua: SilkPerformer 2008 ja Visual Studio Team System 2008 Test Edition ja valitaan MOSS – web-sovelluksille paremmin sopiva työkalu. Työssä vertaillaan työkaluja niiden ominaisuuksien perusteella sekä suorittamalla kuormitustestausta testausta varten luodulle MOSS – web-sovellukselle. Vaikuttavien tekijöiden perusteella työkaluja arvioidaan ja tämän perusteella saadaan tulos vertailulle. Työn tuloksena Visual Studio Team System 2008 Test Edition sopii paremmin MOSS – web-sovelluksen kuormitustestausvälineeksi. Vertailussa kuitenkin havaittiin, että työkalut ovat melko tasavertaisia, ja käytännön tilanteesta riippuu, kumpi sopii paremmin. Tämä työ auttaa valinnan teossa.

¿Crisis de la cultura? = Crisis of the culture?

Culture has several meanings: civilization, creation, knowledge, life… We analyze how each one suffers the so-called crisis of culture. Civilization lives the crisis as «liquidity», according to Bauman’s diagnosis, with significant negative impact on education. The creation and enjoyment of cultural products, such as museums, suffer its crisis as fragility resulting from the civilization crisis, notably in the form of consumerist banality or pure entertainment. Culture as knowledge and as life is analyzed under the joint notion «humanistic culture». This, which in turn is creation, knowledge and life has its specific corruption in the elitist knowledge, merely theoretical. The hallmark of genuine humanism contains an essential component, the dimension of ethical and political commitment. The crisis in the humanistic studies, noted by Nussbaum, threats the values of humanistic culture; in particular is a political risk, because democracy is a system that needs to sustain and improve the values of humanistic culture. In the background, and beyond the differences between the cultural meanings, there is a unique cultural crisis, a crisis of ethics and politics at a time

Käytäntöyhteisöt ja asiantuntijaorganisaation oppiminen

Työssä lähdetään olettamuksesta, että organisaation oppiminen on keskeinen menestystekijä ja organisaation elinehtona on pystyä vastaamaan muutoksen tuomiin haasteisiin. Muutokseen vastaaminen puolestaan tarkoittaa sitä, että organisaatio oppii tekemään asioita toisin. Työssä on haettu vastausta sille kuinka käytäntöyhteisöillä voidaan tukea asiantuntijaorganisaation oppimista eräässä IT-alan organisaatiossa. Tuloksena syntynyttä mallia ja organisaation oppimisen käsitteitä tarkastelemalla osoitetaan, että käytäntöyhteisöillä pystytään edistämään asiantuntijaorganisaation oppimista tutkimuskohteena olevassa organisaatiossa. Käytäntöyhteisöissä ihmiset yhdistää aihealue, joka muodostaa yhteisölle yhteisen näkemyksen siitä, mitä yhteisö on ja mitä se tekee. Tiedon jakamiseen motivoi se, että yhteisössä henkilöt pystyvät nostamaan omaa arvostustaan tuomalla oman panoksensa yhteisen edun hyväksi. Mitä enemmän tietoa jaetaan, sitä suuremmaksi tulee yhteisen tiedon määrä, ja sen paremmaksi muodostuu organisaation kyky vastaanottaa uutta tietoa. Kyky vaikuttaa ongelmiin ja nähdä ongelmien taustalla todellisuudessa vaikuttavat asiat ovat keskeinen asia organisaation oppimisessa. Mallissa kuvataan esimerkein, miten uuden tiedon luominen yhteisöissä tapahtuu.

Métodos de amostragem e análise para compostos reduzidos de enxofre atmosférico

This work presents a review of sampling and analytical methods that can be applied to atmospheric traces of reduced sulphur compounds (RSC) in the atmosphere. Sampling methodology involving discontinuous methods with preconcentration is mostly used. For the most part, adsorption on solids and cryogenic capture are applied as a procedure. The analysis of these compounds has been done mainly by gas chromatography with FPD, fluorescence and spectrophotometry. Advantages and disadvantages of the methodologies are also mentioned in this paper, aiming to guide the reader towards the most appropriate choice of a sampling and analytical method for RSCs.

Como si fuera posible recoger sentimientos = As if it were possible to collect suffering

Se trata de una propuesta como resultado del trabajo conjunto entre la escuela de Arte Pigment y el ESPAI ZERO1 del Museu Comarcal de la Garrotxa, destinado exclusivamente a exposiciones temporales de creación contemporánea y como continuidad de propuestas anteriores de colaboración: REPLICA23 y SONESNAT JUNIOR. Com si fos possible recollir el sofriment es un proyecto de la artista Anna Manel.la, y se consideró una propuesta interesante y un reto para conversar, intercambiar y crear con los alumnos sobre el tema de la exposición: la muerte y el sufrimiento. Asimismo porque es una artista conocida por los alumnos de la escuela Pigment, ya que anteriormente habían realizado un proyecto de apadrinamiento de esculturas y habitualmente ella participa en programas divulgativos en la escuela. El trabajo desarrollado centra el aprendizaje en la creación y en la investigación artística como ejes de los procesos de conceptualización con el objetivo de atender las dinámicas y los estímulos característicos de los niños. Facilitando procesos de búsqueda, exploración y manipulación sin condicionantes y promoviendo procesos autónomos en los que los mismos niños se planteen dudas e interrogantes y se enfrenten a situaciones cada vez mas complejas

Bowing the violin : a case study for auditory-motor pattern modelling in the context of music performance

This project addresses methodological and technological challenges in the development of multi-modal data acquisition and analysis methods for the representation of instrumental playing technique in music performance through auditory-motor patterning models. The case study is violin playing: a multi-modal database of violin performances has been constructed by recording different musicians while playing short exercises on different violins. The exercise set and recording protocol have been designed to sample the space defined by dynamics (from piano to forte) and tone (from sul tasto to sul ponticello), for each bow stroke type being played on each of the four strings (three different pitches per string) at two different tempi. The data, containing audio, video, and motion capture streams, has been processed and segmented to facilitate upcoming analyses. From the acquired motion data, the positions of the instrument string ends and the bow hair ribbon ends are tracked and processed to obtain a number of bowing descriptors suited for a detailed description and analysis of the bow motion patterns taking place during performance. Likewise, a number of sound perceptual attributes are computed from the audio streams. Besides the methodology and the implementation of a number of data acquisition tools, this project introduces preliminary results from analyzing bowing technique on a multi-modal violin performance database that is unique in its class. A further contribution of this project is the data itself, which will be made available to the scientific community through the repovizz platform.