A novel brain partition highlights the modular skeleton shared by structure and function

Elucidating the intricate relationship between brain structure and function, both in healthy and pathological conditions, is a key challenge for modern neuroscience. Recent progress in neuroimaging has helped advance our understanding of this important issue, with diffusion images providing information about structural connectivity (SC) and functional magnetic resonance imaging shedding light on resting state functional connectivity (rsFC). Here, we adopt a systems approach, relying on modular hierarchical clustering, to study together SC and rsFC datasets gathered independently from healthy human subjects. Our novel approach allows us to find a common skeleton shared by structure and function from which a new, optimal, brain partition can be extracted. We describe the emerging common structure-function modules (SFMs) in detail and compare them with commonly employed anatomical or functional parcellations. Our results underline the strong correspondence between brain structure and resting-state dynamics as well as the emerging coherent organization of the human brain.

Magnetic susceptibility and electron magnetic resonance study of monovalent potassium doped manganites Pr0.6Sr0.4-xK xMnO3

The monovalent potassium doped manganites Pr0.6Sr 0.4-xKxMnO3 (x = 0.05-0.2) are characterized using the complementary magnetic susceptibility and electron resonance methods. In paramagnetic phase the temperature variations of the inverse magnetic susceptibility and the inverse intensity of resonance signal obey the Curie-Weiss law. A similarity in temperature variation of resonance signal width and the adiabatic polaron conductivity points to the polaron mechanism controlling the resonance linewidth. The low temperature limit of the pure paramagnetic phase is determined from the electron resonance spectra revealing the mixed phase spread down to the Curie temperature. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Structural, magnetic properties and photoemission study of Ni-doped ZnO

Nickel-doped ZnO (Zn1-xNixO) have been produced using rf magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that nickel atoms were successfully incorporated into ZnO host matrix without forming any detectable secondary phase. Ni 2p core-level photoemission spectroscopy confirmed this result and suggested Ni hits it chemical valence of 2 +. According to the . We studied the electronic magnetization measurements, no ferromagnetic but paramagnetic behavior was found for Zn0.86Ni0.14O. We studied the electronic structure of Zn0.86Ni0.14O by valence-band photoemission spectroscopy. The spectra demonstrate a structure at similar to 2 eV below the Fermi energy E-F, which is of Ni 3d origin. No emission was found at E-A, suggesting the insulating nature of the film. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of rare earth element on the metabolism in rats by high resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

The high-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra can be used for the rapid multicomponent analysis in small amounts of biological fluids. In this paper, the effect of La (NO3)(3) on the rats' metabolism in urine was investigated by H-1 NMR analysis. The experimental groups of wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with La(NO3)(3) at doses of 0.2, 2.0, 10 and 20mg/kg body weight. The remarkable variation of low molecular weight metabolites in urine has been identified by H-1 NMR spectra, in which dimethylamine, N, N-dimethylglycine, urea, alpha -ketoglutarate, trimethylamine N-oxide, succinate, citrate and amino acids have been suggested as NMR markers for renal damage and ethanol, lactate, taurine as the markers for liver damage. This work may assess its possible use in the early detection of biochemical changes associated with Rare Earth induced kidney and liver dysfunction.

Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum simulation of pyridines and quinolines

Artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) were used for the simulation of C-13 NMR chemical shifts of 118 central carbon atoms in 18 pyridines and quinolines. The electronic and geometric features were calculated to describe the environments of the central carbon atom. The results provided by ANN method were better than that achieved by MLR.

Studies of Gd-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid in boving serum albumin solution by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

In this paper, the water relaxation enhancement behavior of Gd-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid(DTPA) in water and in aqueous solution of bovine serum albumine(BSA) has been studied. The T-1 relaxivity of Gd-DTPA in BSA solution is higher than that in aqueous solution. The results indicate that Gd-DTPA can integrate non-covalently with BSA mainly in forms of (Gd-DTPA) . BSA, (Gd-DTPA)(2) . BSA, for which the apparent equilibrium constant is 0.026 mmol(-1).L,0.0018 mmol(-2).L-2 respectively. This method would be used to study the interactivities between protein and contrast agent.

Nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the effects of Rare Earth in rats urine

Male Wistar rats were administrated orally with La(NO3)(3) at doses of 0. 05, 0. 2, 2. 0, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight. Urine was collected over a 24 h period after dosing. Resonances for a large number of low molecular weight metabolites were assigned in a high resolution H-1 NMR spectra of rat urine. The variation of some low molecular weight metabolites in urine provided a sensitive measurement of Rare Earth induced renal and liver lesions, in which DMA, DMG, urea, Kg, TMAO, succinate, citrate and amino acids have been suggested as NMR markers for renal damage and ethanol, lactate, taurine as the markers for liver damage. The method could be applicable to study of the toxicological effects of other compounds and drugs.

Prediction of C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts for aliphatic amines

Prediction of C-13-nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts for aliphatic amines is performed. The topological, geological and electronic descriptors are generated. To reduce the variables, the best subsets of the descriptors are obtained by using leaps-and-bounds regression analysis. The model is achieved using multiple regression with satisfactory results.

Two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of ruthenium-(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)(2) (2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) (PF6)(2)

The (1) H and C-13 NMR spectra are reported for Ru(4, 4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridene)(2) (2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) (PF6)(2) that can be used as a new electrochemiluminescent probe in immunoasssay and nucleic acid hybridization assay. Because of the effect ol:Ru atom ligands and complex steric configuration, it is difficult to attribute spectra of the title molecular, By using 2D (1) H-(1) H COSY and (1) H-C-13 HETCOR method, the proton and C-13 NMR spectra are assigned completely, which provides a satisfactory method to quantitative and qualitative, analysis of the title moleculer in the further study.

Two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of bis(2,2 '-bipyridine)(2,2 '-bipyridine-4,4 '-dicarboxylic acid)ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate

The H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectra are reported for bis(2, 2'-bipyridine)(2, 2'-bipyridine-,4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) ruthenium(II) hexafluoruphosphate that has been used as a tagged molecule of electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Because of the effect of Ru atom on ligands, it is difficult to assign its NMR spectra. BS' means of two dimensional H-1-H-1 COSY and H-1-C-13 COSY techniques, the H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of bis (2, 2'-bipylidine) (2, 2'-bipyridine-4, 4-dicarboxylic acid) ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate are assigned completely. This provides a basis for NMR characterization of the nerv similar tagged molecules.

Analysis of 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance for Ru(2,2 '-bipyridine)(2)(4,4 '-dimethyl-2,2 '-bipyridine) (PF6)(2)

The H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra are reported for Ru(2,2'-bipyridine)(2)(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)(PF6)(2) that may be used as elechochemiluminescent species. Because of the effect of Ru atom on ligands and complex steric configuration, it is, difficult to attribute the spectra of the title molecular. By using 2D H-1-H-1 COSY and H-1-C-13 COSY methods, the proton and carbon-13 spectra are assigned completely. This also provides a basis for NMR characterization of the-similar new compounds.

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral assignments of 2,2 '-bis(p-aminobenzoic ester)-1,1 '-binaphthyl

H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of 2, 2'-bis(p-aminobenzoic ester)-1,1'-binaphthyl were assigned and confirmed using 2D H-1-H-1 COSY, C-13-H-1 HETCOR and C-13-H-1 long-range HETCOR methods. This provided a basis for NMR characterization of the similar compounds.