Relationship between the price of fish and its quality attributes: a study within a community at the University of São Paulo, Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between the products' market price and attributes related to fish purchase and consumption within a university community in Brazil. A structured questionnaire consisting of a five-point Likert scale was used. It was previously tested and made available to the university community via the Internet. The sample comprised 1966 voluntaries including university students and faculty and staff members. A descriptive analysis of data was performed using Spearman's correlation analysis. The results showed that the majority of the respondents (56%) consume fish at home; some consume fish at restaurants (39%), and 5% at family or friends' houses, reinforcing the idea that variables such as culture and reference groups are fundamental determinants of purchase and consumption behavior. It was identified a significant (p < 0.001) and very strong correlation between the attributes price and nutritional value (r = 0.92); price and availability at the usual places of purchase (r = 0.92); price and packaging (r = 0.92); price and brand name (r = 0.91); and price and of the Federal Inspection stamp (r = 0.91) and a low positive correlation (p < 0.001) between the price variable and the initiative for fish traceability (r = 0.16). This study demonstrated that the price of fish is associated with the quality of the product and the attributes related to it such as packaging, nutritional value, and availability of the product in the market.

The influence of peeling and type of drying on chemical and sensorial analysis of organic coffee

Organic coffee is characterized by being produced without the use of chemical products and by having a similar or superior quality in comparison to that of coffee produced by traditional methods. The production of organic coffee does not include the use of highly soluble nutrients, which makes consumers concerned with environmental issues and healthy eating habits realize its true value. This paper aims to analyze the influence of harvesting, peeling and drying on the quality of organic coffee, in order to present the best way of producing high quality coffee. Samples of organic coffee were harvested by both conventional and selective ways, and some were peeled. They were then dried on concrete patio and on suspended terraces. The beans were analyzed for potassium leaching, electrical conductivity, titratable acidity, and submitted to coffee cupping-test. The results obtained indicated that the selective harvesting of the peeled or unpeeled cherry coffee dried on concrete terrace is feasible for production of fine coffees. This type of processing effectively influenced the final quality of the organic coffee, thus being an alternative to improve the quality and market value of the product, especially for small producers, cooperatives, and associations of coffee producers.

Chemical characterization of the flour of peel and seed from two papaya cultivars

Papaya is among the currently most important tropical fruits grown in Brazil and in the world. The fruit is mainly consumed fresh although it offers many industrial products. The processing of this fruit, as well as its fresh consumption, results in large amounts of waste, such as peels and seeds. Papaya consumption is one of the causes of significant loss of food value; therefore, new aspects on the use of its waste as by-products, or in the production of food additives, or even the incorporation of its flour in food have aroused great interest because these are products of high nutritional value, and their use may be economically viable. The objective of this study was to produce and characterize peel and seed flours from two papaya cultivars (Havai and Calimosa) for their chemical constituents focusing on possible use in foods. The proximate and mineral composition, titratable acidity, soluble solids, pH, contents of vitamin C, and phenolic compounds were determined. According to the results obtained, the papaya peel and seed flours had high contents of protein and fiber and therefore can be used as alternative sources of nutrients and can also be added in foods avoiding waste and adding value to the fruit.

Peroxidase activity and sensory quality of ready to cook mixed vegetables for soup: combined effect of biopreservatives and refrigerated storage

Enzymatic senescence processes and browning of fresh cut vegetables negatively affect their sensory properties and nutritional value and finally result in the rejection of affected products by consumers. In order to prevent quality decay, the combined effects of natural antioxidants and storage temperature on peroxidase activity and sensory attributes (overall visual quality, browning and odor) of individual and mixed vegetables for soup (butternut squash, leek and celery) were evaluated. Fresh cut vegetables were treated with antioxidant solutions as tea tree essential oil (15 μl/mL), propolis extract (15 μl/mL) and gallic acid (2 mg/mL) and stored at optimal (5 °C) and abusive (15 °C) temperature for a maximum of 14 days. The application of natural preservatives, plus optimal storage conditions, exerted significant inhibitory effects in peroxidase activity of squash, celery and mixed vegetables throughout the storage. Furthermore, propolis treatment applied on mixed vegetables retarded browning appearance and preserved the visual quality for a longer period when compared to untreated product.

Heating effects on physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of flaxseed hull oil (Linum usitatissimum L)

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of heating on some quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of flaxseed hull oil. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and Cox value decreased during heating. Heating process led to considerable increase in saponification value (SV), peroxide value (PV), p-anisidine value (p-AnV), oxidative value (OV) and specific extinction at 232 and 270 nm. There was a significant decrease in oil stability during heating process (1.4-1.0 h). Fuel properties of flaxseed hull oil were also changed after heating treatment. Heating process caused loss of total phenolic acids, total flavanoids, carotenoids and chlorophyll pigments. Phospholipids (PL) content were less changed compared to other bioactive compounds. Antioxidant activity of flaxseed hull oil decreased during heating process.

Stability of gluten free sweet biscuit elaborated with rice bran, broken rice and okara

Abstract A challenge to the food sector has been the development of new products incorporating co-products from the food processing industry with minimal impact on their pre-determined structures and adding nutritional quality. In order to add value and develop alternatives for the use of co-products generated during the agroindustrial processing, this work aimed to study the stability of gluten-free sweet biscuits developed with soybean okara, rice bran and broken rice. The formulations were elaborated with increasing percentages of these ingredients and compared with the standard (commercial sweet biscuit) for ten months. The analyses were: weight, diameters (internal and external), thickness, specific volume, instrumental parameters of color, texture, scanning electron microscopy, water activity, proximal composition and isoflavones. The experimental sweet biscuits had characteristics of color, weight, volume and diameters (internal and external) very similar to the commercial, whereas texture, lipids and energy value decreased, and aw, moisture and protein increased during storage. The sweet biscuits showed the same stability when compared to the standard, and the

Adoption and Usability of Online Pharmacies for Purchasing Prescription Medicines

The study examines customers’ perceptions of purchasing prescription medicine from online pharmacies. The main purpose is to find determinants affecting the adoption of online pharmacies, and to consider the role of usability in the adoption process. The theoretical part of the paper provides the overlook on adoption constructs and their relations. In addition, usability factors used in prior studies are presented, as well as how they have been connected to IS adoption research. The specialties of Finnish pharmacy business and the requirements set to online pharmacies are also discussed. The empirical part of the study is conducted with the qualitative approach. Four respondents were interviewed and observed while they tried online pharmacies. The data gathered indicates respondents’ initial beliefs toward the service, perceptions of the usability, and the changes in the perceptions and beliefs after using online pharmacies. The results indicate that usability factors and adoption determinants are interrelated. Usability influences perceived ease of use, which affects both perceived usefulness and behavioral intention. Regulations restrict the design of online pharmacies, which has affect on the both the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and thus the whole adoption process.

Value creation in intelligent packaging value chains

The goal of this thesis is to look for and point out problems and bottlenecks related to value chains and networks in initiation and implementation of intelligent packaging. The research is based on interviews in different case companies and is qualitative by nature. The interview results are examined through a framework built upon relevant theory, with the aim to present a useful recommendation for a supplier company for advancing intelligent packaging business. The perspective that is attained through the research questions demonstrates the potential customer companies’ views of possibilities and problems. The key results suggest that intellectual property of relevant products is in an important position from the customers’ perspective. If the supplier does not own a product technology, a sufficiently large company can consider working as an integrator in a network where smaller companies make use of a compiled offering from other smaller actors. The foundation for these networks and company relationships is value creation, which has to be based on profound customer knowledge and research. The framework that is created for this study builds upon earlier research to provide a model that better serves intelligent packaging implementation and includes the notion of importance of value proposition and continuous value co-creation.

Survey, survival and control of Alternaria alternata in wheat seeds

The fungus Alternaria alternata was quantified in 75 wheat seed samples collected from three different regions of southern Brazil for Cropping and Use Value (CUV) I, II and III. Fungal presence was evaluated in two hundred disinfested seeds per sample before sowing in a potato-dextrose-agar medium + antibiotic (PDA+A). Fungus survival was evaluated every 45 days for 180 days for three seed batches from six wheat cultivars stored in propylene bags in a storehouse, with air temperature varying between 18 to 22 °C and relative air humidity around 60%. The efficacy of carboxin+thiram, difenoconazol, thiram, triadimenol, triticonazol and triticonazol + iprodione fungicides to control A. alternata was determined. A. alternata was detected in all the samples with an incidences of 39.6 %, 38.8% and 35.9% for the CUV I, CUV II and CUV III regions, respectively. The highest mean incidence of the fungus was found in the CUV I region, the coolest and most humid, and was significantly different from the other two regions. The average reduction in A. alternata viability in the wheat cultivar seeds was 49.5% during the 180 days of storage (inter-harvest period), demonstrating that infected seeds are the primary inoculum source for the fungus. The triticonazol + iprodione fungicide mixture efficiently controls A. alternata.

Global instability of currencies: reasons and perspectives according to the state-corporation hegemonic stability theory

This paper analyses reasons of the instability of the world monetary system. The author considers this problem from historical and contemporary perspectives. According to presented point of view banknotes and electronic money which replaced gold and silver coins in popular circulation are the most important reason of the instability. There are also proven positive and negative consequences of money instability. Reforms of the world monetary system need agreement within the global collective hegemony of state-powers and transnational corporations.

Customer Value Creation in Born Global Companies

The purpose of this master's thesis is to study customer value creation in born global companies. The main objective is to identify the types of value enabling customer value creation in born global companies, and to establish their relative importance. After an introduction to the born global academic literature and the customer value creation literature, the empirical part consists of a multiple case study, examining the state of customer value creation in the case companies, along with the subsequent analysis. The results of this research indicate that high-tech born global companies perceive customer value creation as a crucial function of their operations, but their value creation thinking is often one-dimensional. Technology based born globals often place high value on the product and the technology behind it, mainly striving to incorporate performance- and relationship value in their value offerings, but they're unable to utilize their opportunity creation to the fullest, and they lag behind their more established competitors that are able to diversify their value offerings.

Consumer perceptions on a content-based digital service:the usage and service quality of Masennusinfo.fi

Kuluttajat käyttävät sisältöpohjaisia digitaalisia palveluita jatkuvasti saadakseen lisää tietoa terveydestään. Samalla he arvioivat käyttämiensä palveluiden laatua. Jotta yritykset voisivat suunnitella ja tarjota parhaita mahdollisia digitaalisia palveluita kuluttajille, yritysten tulisi tunnistaa ja analysoida kuluttajien kokemuksia ja käyttötarkoituksia heidän palveluissaan. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kuvailla kuluttajien näkemyksiä Masennusinfo.fi:stä, joka on sisältöpohjainen digitaalinen palvelu, ja joka tarjoaa käyttäjilleen tietoa masennuksesta. Päämääränä on selvittää, kuinka kuluttajat kokevat lääkeyrityksen tarjoaman palvelun laadun ja mihin tarkoituksiin sitä käytetään. Tutkimuksen tarkoitus voidaan jakaa kolmeen osa-ongelmaan: Mihin tarkoituksiin kuluttajat käyttävät sisältöpohjaisia digitaalisia palveluita? Miten kuluttajat kokevat näiden palveluiden laadun? Kuinka käyttötarkoitus ja koettu laatu eroavat eri käyttäjäryhmissä? Tutkimus toteutetaan web-pohjaisella kyselytutkimuksella. Mittarit tehdään teoreettisen viitekehyksen pohjalta, joka perustuu aikaisempaan tutkimukseen. Tutkimuksen empiirinen osuus suoritetaan pop-up tutkimuksella, joka sijoitetaan tutkittavalle sivustolle antaen näin kaikille palvelun käyttäjille mahdollisuuden vastata kyselyyn. Tulokset osoittavat, että palvelua käyttävät suurimmaksi osaksi naiset, suhteellisen nuoret 16−29- vuotiaat, tai yli keski-ikäiset 50−65-vuotiaat henkilöt, jotka ovat joko työssäkäyviä tai opiskelijoita ja korkeasti koulutettuja. Masennusinfo.fi nähdään laadukkaana palveluna kaikissa käyttäjäryhmissä sekä sen käytettävyyden että sisällön perusteella. Käyttötarkoituksetkin ovat jokseenkin samankaltaisia eri käyttäjäryhmissä. Yleensä palvelua käytetään tiedon hakemiseen sairauden alkuvaiheessa. Löydöksien perusteella esitetään, että palvelua muokataan vastaamaan yhä paremmin sen käyttötarkoituksia ja tyypillistä käyttäjäprofiilia. Koska muutamia pieniä eroja käyttäjäryhmien näkemyksissä havaittiin, palveluiden tuottaja päättää, minkä ryhmän mieltymyksiä se noudattaa.

Value Creation of Professional Services

The aim of this qualitative thesis is to research, how professional services create value, and what are the key factors affecting on this process. A model describing value creation process in professional services will be explained, based on the existing literature and three in depth discussions with professional service representatives. Professional services are such services that are tend to base on problem solving and require high skills and knowledge of a professional. These services often have a consultative or an advisory nature, and they often involve both client and a company in service process. As the service is often delivered in somewhat collaboration so is the value created. The results of this thesis revealed that value is created in collaboration or co-operation in professional services. Therefore, value co-creation, as a concept, is exact to describe the value creation process in professional services. This thesis also revealed that value is co- created in continuous communication between a client and a company and no value or only a little value can be created if there is no effective communication during the professional service process.

Performance Degradation Modelling and Techno-Economic Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems

Transmission system operators and distribution system operators are experiencing new challenges in terms of reliability, power quality, and cost efficiency. Although the potential of energy storages to face those challenges is recognized, the economic implications are still obscure, which introduce the risk into the business models. This thesis aims to investigate the technical and economic value indicators of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems (BESS) in grid-scale applications. In order to do that, a comprehensive performance lithium-ion BESS model with degradation effects estimation is developed. The model development process implies literature review on lifetime modelling, use, and modification of previous study progress, building the additional system parts and integrating it into a complete tool. The constructed model is capable of describing the dynamic behavior of the BESS voltage, state of charge, temperature and capacity loss. Five control strategies for BESS unit providing primary frequency regulation are implemented, in addition to the model. The questions related to BESS dimensioning and the end of life (EoL) criterion are addressed. Simulations are performed with one-month real frequency data acquired from Fingrid. The lifetime and cost-benefit analysis of the simulation results allow to compare and determine the preferable control strategy. Finally, the study performs the sensitivity analysis of economic profitability with variable size, EoL and system price. The research reports that BESS can be profitable in certain cases and presents the recommendations.

Righteous sounds and reproductive justice : the influence of Ani DiFranco's music for reproductive rights activists

In this thesis, I explore how the folk-rock music of Ani DiFranco has influenced the activist commitments, sensibilities, and activities of reproductive rights activists. My interest in the relation of popular music to social movements is informed by the work of Simon Frith (1987, 1996a, 1996b), Rob Rosenthal (2001), and Ann Savage (2003). Frith argues that popular music is an important contributor to personal identity and the ways that listeners see the world. Savage (2003) writes that fans develop a unique relationship with feminist/political music, and Rosenthal (2001) argues that popular music can be an important factor in building social movements. I use these arguments to ask what the influence of Ani DiFranco's music has been for reproductive rights activists who are her fans. I conducted in-depth interviews with ten reproductive rights activists who are fans of Ani DiFranco's music. All ten are women in their twenties and thirties living in Ontario or New York. Each has been listening to DiFranco's music for between two and fifteen years, and has considered herself a reproductive rights activist for between eighteen months and twenty years. I examine these women's narratives of their relationships with Ani DiFranco's music and their activist experience through the interconnected lenses of identity, consciousness, and practice. Listening to Ani DiFranco's music affects the fluid ways these women understand their identities as women, as feminists, and in solidarity with others. I draw on Freire's (1970) understanding of conscientization to consider the role that Ani's music has played in heightening women's awareness about reproductive rights issues. The feeling of solidarity with other (both real and perceived) activist fans gives them more confidence that they can make a difference in overcoming social injustice. They believe that Ani's music encourages productive anger, which in turn fuels their passion to take action to make change. Women use Ani's music deliberately for energy and encouragement in their continued activism, and find that it continues to resonate with their evolving identities as women, feminists, and activists. My study builds on those of Rosenthal (2001) and Savage (2003) by focusing on one artist and activists in one social movement. The characteristics of Ani DiFranco, her fan base, and the reproductive rights movement allow new understanding of the ways that female fans who are members of a female-dominated feminist movement interact with the music of a popular independent female artist.