Proceedings of the Twenty-third Annual Symposium on sea turtle biology and conservation, 17 to 21 March 2003, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

The 23rd Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation was held between 17 and 21 March 2003 at The Legend Hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, hosted by the Community Conservation Network, Hawaii, and WWF-Malaysia. The meeting was attended by slightly more than 300 participants representing 73 countries, a dramatic drop in participation from previous years brought about in no small part by the looming war in the middle east region and concerns over travel safety. For 22 years the Symposium had bee an Americas-based event, even though it is the annual gathering of the "international" sea turtle society, and with the move to Malaysia, the Symposium hoped to raise the awareness among the general public of the plight of amrine turtles in Southeast Asia, and share the enormous exspertise of the world authorities on sea turtles with this so-far underrepresented region. Adopting the thems, "Living With Turtles", the Symposium had a very personal flavour, and the smaller number of participants made it possible to make and renew acquaintances, and have time for discussion between sessions. While the travel safety concern excuse was often quoted, it was a pity, particularly to the large contingent of people who attended the event for the first time from underrepresented regions, that many of the household names linked to marine turtle biology and conservation were not present to share their knowledge and promote the global concerns on the plight of turtle populations.

Evolución de las relaciones transfronterizas en el Bidasoa: de la conurbación a la communauté

[ES] Con la entrada de España en la Unión Europea y la desaparición de la frontera se intensifican las relaciones internacionales. Pero también vecinos que habían permanecido alejados se acercan unos a otros. Los municipios de Bajo Bidasoa, es decir, Irún, Hondarribia y Hendaia, conforman una conurbación y como tal deciden hacer frente a las necesidades de su población. Para ello crean el Consorcio transfronterizo del Bidasoa el año 1998 pero las dificultades que supone trabajar en dos países diferentes limita su desarrollo. Frente a ello surgen nuevas instituciones, de origen comarcal, que comienzan a superar algunas de las barreras con las que se topaba el Consorcio, hasta el punto de poner la continuidad de esta entidad en entredicho.

Contributions to the biology of the engraulid Anchoa naso (Gilbert and Pierson, 1898) from Ecuadorian waters

ENGLISH: One phase of the duties of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission is the gathering and interpretation of data concerning the life history of the commercially important bait species throughout the Eastern Pacific Ocean. During 1958 the Commission established a laboratory in Manta, Ecuador to study tuna. It was subsequently found that this fishery was dependent upon one species of anchovy, Anchoa naso, which was locally referred to as "colorado." During the calendar year 1959 approximately 380,000 scoops of bait were taken by the Manta tuna fleet (Schaefer, 1960), which at that time numbered about 23 vessels. Since then the fleet has increased by about 25 per cent and it is probable that the bait catch has increased also. Virtually nothing has been reported concerning the life history of this species. Hildebrand (1943) reviewed its taxonomy and reported standard lengths ranging from 32 to 135 mm. Peterson (1956) examined specimens from Central America and found them to range from 27 to 66 mm. He also indicated that the species spawned over a long period of time. The present report describes some aspects of the life history of Anchoa naso in Ecuadorian waters. The findings are based on 121 collections taken during the period March 1959 through June 1961. SPANISH: Una fase de las obligaciones de La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical es la obtensión e interpretación de los datos concernientes a la historia natural de las especies de carnada comercialmente importantes en todo el Océano Pacifico Oriental. En el año de 1958 la Comisión estableció un laboratorio en Manta, Ecuador, para estudiar el atún. Se encontró subsecuentemente que esta pesquería dependía de una especie de anchoa, Anchoa naso, conocida localmente con el nombre de colorado. Durante el año calendario de 1959, la flota atunera de Manta, que en ese tiempo alcanzaba a unos 23 barcos, obtuvo aproximadamente 380,000 copas (scoops) de carnada (Schaefer, 1960). Desde entonces la flota ha aumentado en un 25 por ciento, y es probable que la captura de peces-cebo haya aumentado también. Nada se ha informado virtualmente sobre la historia natural de esta especie. Hildebrand (1943) revisó su taxonomia e informó sobre su longitud estándar, que varia entre los 32 y 135 mm. Peterson (1956) examinó especímenes de la América Central, y encontró que variaban entre los 27 y 66 mm. También indicó que la especie desova durante un largo periodo de tiempo. El presente informe describe algunos aspectos de la historia natural de la Anchoa naso en aguas ecuatorianas. Los hallazgos están basados en 121 recolecciones hechas durante el periodo de marzo de 1959 a junio de 1961. (PDF contains 30 pages.)

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 1965

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission has been assigned the task, under the Convention which created it, of gathering and interpreting factual information to facilitate the maintenance of tunas and tuna-baitfishes of the eastern Pacific Ocean at levels of abundance which will permit maximum sustained catches. SPANISH: Se le ha asignado a la Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical bajo la Convención que la formó, la tarea de recoger e interpretar la información científica para facilitar el mantenimiento de los atunes y de los peces de carnada en el Océano Pacífico oriental, a niveles de abundancia que permitan un sostenimiento máximo de capturas. (PDF contains 106 pages.)

Importancia del proyecto en la documentaci??n geom??trica del patrimonio

[ES] La medida y representaci??n del un elemento patrimonial debe responder a unas necesidades. Ser?? dif??cil plantear un proceso de documentaci??n geom??trica encaminado exclusivamente a conservar la informaci??n sobre su forma y dimensiones, si no son determinadas previamente las caracter??sticas de la informaci??n que se requiere conservar: su cantidad, c??mo se almacenar??, se gestionar??, se reproducir?? y difundir??. Se considera al Proyecto de Documentaci??n Geom??trica como el eje vertebrador de la intervenci??n, entendiendo por tal, el documento que recoge las necesidades y circunstancias que rodean al elemento patrimonial, propone resultados para satisfacerlas, plantea alternativas tecnol??gicas junto a la evaluaci??n de los recursos temporales, instrumentales y econ??micos de cada una de las opciones; y en definitiva supone el dise??o de la intervenci??n para la medida y la representaci??n. En este art??culo se analizan las circunstancias que justifican la redacci??n del proyecto y la transcendencia de la generaci??n de este documento en el proceso de la documentaci??n geom??trica.

Modelo de representación y difusión de cavidades. Cueva de Praileaitz. Deba, Gipuzkoa

[ES] Este artículo está basado en el siguiente proyecto que también puede ser consultado en este repositorio:

“Steer-by-wire” software garapena

[EU]Proiektu honek automobilen antzinako direkzio sistemak ordezkatuko dituen steer-by-wire-ren inplementazioa deskribatuko du, software-aren garapena, hain zuzen. Lan hau garatzeko, ezinbestekoa izango da orain arte egindako lanen bilketa eta azterketa egitea, baita nolako zailtasunak, arriskuak egongo diren eta posiblea izango litzatekeen etorkizun batean teknologia hau instalatzea. Programazio, mekanika eta automatika ezagutzaren bidez teknologia berri hau ordenagailu batean simulatuko da eta orain arte erabili izan diren teknologiekin alderatuko dira, ateratako emaitzekin ondorio nabarmenak ezarriz. Programazio eta simulaziorako “Labview” eta “Matlab-Simulink” software-ak erabiliko dira, beharrezkoak diren tresnen ezagutzak aurretik lortuz.

A note on freshwater research in China, with some observations on the algae from Doupe Pool, Guizhou Province

This article provides insights into a particular aspect of freshwater research in China and its wider implications for western researchers. The senior author has collaborated with Professor Zhang Zhaohui from Guizhou Normal University to investigate the travertines of China. Travertines are freshwater carbonate deposits accumulating in hard-water springs and rivers. In some areas they develop rapidly, forming picturesque ascades and magnificent travertine-dammed lakes. Some of China's most famous tourist sites are the result of travertine formation. The travertine-depositing environment is a unique fast-flowing ecosystem inhabited by specialist plants and animals. The authors examine the freshwater algae of the Doupe Pool travertine situated on the Beishuihei River in Guizhou Province and compare their distribution on travertines elsewhere in the world.

Comparative limnology of waters in a coniferous forest: is a generalisation possible?

The high density of meres and mosses in the Delamere area comes from numerous moraine-hollows formed after the melting of stranded ice-blocks following last glaciation. The main vegetation is of conifers along with some deciduous species and the area was designated as a National Forest Park in 1987. It has been managed since the beginning of the 19th century and is a popular tourist area with walking, orienteering, cycling and educational activities. In recent years this forest park has been attracting over half a million people per year. This paper studies the limnology of different aquatic habitats in the Delamere Forest area in order to give some insight into the waters of a coniferous, temperate forest area, which has so far been largely unexplored. The authors assume therefore, thought that despite apparent large variability in origin, age, surface area, morphometry, catchment size and hydraulic regime, the waters of Delamere Forest might share some revealing chemical and biological features. Seven water-bodies in the Delamere Forest Park area, namely, Black Lake, Blakemere Moss, Delamere Lake, Delamere Quarry, Hatchmere, Windyhowe Farm Spring and Fir Brook were sampled, their water chemistry and dissolved organic carbon and the occurrence of phytoplankton and zooplankton species examined. In a final chapter the authors analyse their findings for patterns.

Technology for Single Cell Protein Analysis in Immunology and Cancer Prognostics

The first chapter of this thesis deals with automating data gathering for single cell microfluidic tests. The programs developed saved significant amounts of time with no loss in accuracy. The technology from this chapter was applied to experiments in both Chapters 4 and 5.

The second chapter describes the use of statistical learning to prognose if an anti-angiogenic drug (Bevacizumab) would successfully treat a glioblastoma multiforme tumor. This was conducted by first measuring protein levels from 92 blood samples using the DNA-encoded antibody library platform. This allowed the measure of 35 different proteins per sample, with comparable sensitivity to ELISA. Two statistical learning models were developed in order to predict whether the treatment would succeed. The first, logistic regression, predicted with 85% accuracy and an AUC of 0.901 using a five protein panel. These five proteins were statistically significant predictors and gave insight into the mechanism behind anti-angiogenic success/failure. The second model, an ensemble model of logistic regression, kNN, and random forest, predicted with a slightly higher accuracy of 87%.

The third chapter details the development of a photocleavable conjugate that multiplexed cell surface detection in microfluidic devices. The method successfully detected streptavidin on coated beads with 92% positive predictive rate. Furthermore, chambers with 0, 1, 2, and 3+ beads were statistically distinguishable. The method was then used to detect CD3 on Jurkat T cells, yielding a positive predictive rate of 49% and false positive rate of 0%.

The fourth chapter talks about the use of measuring T cell polyfunctionality in order to predict whether a patient will succeed an adoptive T cells transfer therapy. In 15 patients, we measured 10 proteins from individual T cells (~300 cells per patient). The polyfunctional strength index was calculated, which was then correlated with the patient's progress free survival (PFS) time. 52 other parameters measured in the single cell test were correlated with the PFS. No statistical correlator has been determined, however, and more data is necessary to reach a conclusion.

Finally, the fifth chapter talks about the interactions between T cells and how that affects their protein secretion. It was observed that T cells in direct contact selectively enhance their protein secretion, in some cases by over 5 fold. This occurred for Granzyme B, Perforin, CCL4, TNFa, and IFNg. IL- 10 was shown to decrease slightly upon contact. This phenomenon held true for T cells from all patients tested (n=8). Using single cell data, the theoretical protein secretion frequency was calculated for two cells and then compared to the observed rate of secretion for both two cells not in contact, and two cells in contact. In over 90% of cases, the theoretical protein secretion rate matched that of two cells not in contact.

Sociedade de Geografia do Rio de Janeiro : espelho das tradições progressistas (1910-1945)

Esta tese examina a trajetória da Sociedade de Geografia do Rio de Janeiro entre 1910 e 1945, quando foi extinta para dar lugar a uma outra instituição, de âmbito nacional, a Sociedade Brasileira de Geografia. Criada nos anos oitocentos, a associação foi um dos redutos culturais que desfrutaram do patrocínio do imperador D. Pedro II. Com o advento do regime republicano, a SGRJ sofreu contratempos políticos, mas continuou a desenvolver atividades e projetos pedagógicos, que buscavam descortinar o Brasil aos brasileiros, consoante o movimento nacionalista das primeiras décadas do século XX. Em 1930, a Sociedade mostrou -se favorável ao golpe de estado que alçou Getúlio Vargas ao poder. Durante a chamada era Vargas colaborou com o governo e foi integrada ao sistema geográfico oficial do IBGE. Além disso, foi pioneira n a promoção dos congressos brasileiros de geografia entre 1909 e 1940. A SGRJ desde a sua fundação até a sua extinção atuou como um lugar privilegiado para o debate e a reunião de estudiosos da matéria. Embora carecessem de sistematização e de continuidade, é inquestionável que as práticas científicas desenvolvidas pela SGRJ colaboraram para a formação do campo da disciplina.

O orçamento público federal e a garantia de prioridade absoluta de crianças e adolescentes nas políticas públicas

Essa pesquisa objetiva verificar a garantia de prioridade absoluta de crianças e adolescentes nas políticas públicas do governo federal. Para tanto, resgata o processo de criação dos novos direitos de crianças e adolescentes, que se origina na Assembléia Nacional Constituinte (ANC) 1987-1988, perpassa a discussão da comunidade internacional para a criação da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança (CDC) e resulta em uma legislação nacional, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), sob a égide da Doutrina da Proteção Integral. Essa legislação reflete os novos direitos de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros como cidadãos e cidadãs, titulares de direitos especiais por sua condição peculiar de desenvolvimento e compõe os critérios de garantia, defesa e promoção de seus direitos humanos. Esse estudo também traz informações sobre a desigualdade social brasileira para inferir que o investimento em políticas públicas para infância e adolescência é um dos mecanismos para promover desenvolvimento sustentável, construir bases para uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária e que, quando aliadas a políticas de transferências de renda, oportunizam condições sólidas para reduzir o grau de desigualdade social, com efetiva melhora da qualidade de vida da população. A prioridade absoluta foi estimada a partir de um método de apuração do Orçamento Criança e Adolescente (OCA) que filtra as políticas orçamentárias voltadas ao público infanto-adolescente, nos termos do ECA, por critérios de exclusividade e direcionamento. Os resultados indicam que, apesar das melhoras recentes em indicadores socioeconômicos e na qualidade de vida da população brasileira, ainda falta um longo caminho para o respeito ao princípio da prioridade absoluta de crianças e adolescentes nas políticas públicas do governo federal, pois os recursos públicos da União estão à mercê do pagamento dos juros, encargos e amortizações da dívida pública. Com isso, as políticas sociais ficam mantidas em segundo plano, e sua arrecadação tem caráter regressivo, baseada em tributos indiretos, no que o financiamento das políticas públicas é feito pela população mais pobre, majoritariamente, justamente a que mais demanda as políticas públicas sociais.

Bassenthwaite Lake: a general assessment of environmental and biological features and their susceptibility to change

Bassenthwaite (Lake) is one of the larger Cumbrian lakes, certainly one of the most distinctive, and of considerable conservation and amenity value. Although its shores lack sizeable settlements, its main inflow receives sewage effluent from a major tourist centre (Keswick) and is subject to episodic floods. These influences, the growing development of leisure activities at the lake (e.g. sailing, time-share units), and recent road-construction, have led to past appraisals of ecological impacts and lake management. The lake has not been the subject of intense and long-term ecological study, but much scattered information exists that is relevant to future management decisions. In the present Report, commissioned by North West Water, such information - published and unpublished - is surveyed. Especial attention is given to evidence bearing on susceptibility to change, affecting the lake environment and its biota or species of conservation interest. Extensive use has been made of the results of a recent (1986-7) seasonal survey by the FBA.

A general assessment of environmental and biological features of Windermere and their susceptibility to change

Bassenthwaite (Lake) is one of the larger Cumbrian lakes, certainly one of the most distinctive, and of considerable conservation and amenity value. Although its shores lack sizeable settlements, its main inflow receives sewage effluent from a major tourist centre (Keswick) and is subject to episodic floods. These influences, the growing development of leisure activities at the lake (e.g. sailing, time-share units), and recent road-construction, have led to past appraisals of ecological impacts and lake management. The lake has not been the subject of intense and long-term ecological study, but much scattered information exists that is relevant to future management decisions. In the present Report, commissioned by North West Water, such information - published and unpublished - is surveyed. Especial attention is given to evidence bearing on susceptibility to change, affecting the lake environment and its biota or species of conservation interest. Extensive use has been made of the results of a recent (1986-7) seasonal survey by the FBA.

Museu de Favela: pensando turismo e patrimônio no Pavão, Pavãozinho e Cantagalo

Esta dissertação versa sobre o Museu de Favela (MUF), organização não-governamental fundada em 2008 durante as obras do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC) nas favelas do Pavão, Pavãozinho e Cantagalo, na Zona Sul da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As principais propostas do MUF são a patrimonialização da favela/seus elementos culturais, bem como o desenvolvimento turístico dessas favelas. A partir de um trabalho de campo, do tipo observação participante junto à diretoria do MUF, analiso a construção de sua proposta de turismo em oposição à favela da Rocinha, caso emblemático do turismo em favelas. Mostro a presença de duas ideias de turismo a propósito do caso estudado: o que chamo de turismo vilão, representado pelo contexto da Rocinha na visão dos promotores do MUF; e o que chamo de turismo solução, representado na mesma visão pelo turismo organizado pelos moradores para benefício da população local e solução dos problemas das favelas. Analiso ainda a proposta do MUF, sua organização como ONG e seus diretores. Por fim, focalizo o Museu de Favela e o Estado como atores sociais básicos envolvidos na questão analisada, mostrando como turismo e patrimônio aparecem como ferramentas para ambas as instituições, que guardam semelhanças e diferenças no que se refere a dois processos em andamento nas favelas do Pavão, Pavãozinho e Cantagalo: o processo de patrimonialização e o processo de turismização.