Facteurs entravant la formation de relation amoureuse chez les individus ayant vécu un premier épisode psychotique

Essai doctoral d’intégration présenté à la Faculté des Arts et Sciences en vue de l’obtention du grade de Doctorat en Psychologie Clinique (D.Psy)

L'influence du degré d'optimisme dans la réinsertion sociale des délinquants

Projet de stage présenté à la Faculté des Arts et des Sciences en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maître ès sciences (M.Sc.) en criminologie option stage en intervention.

Diversification In Employment Structure And Status Of Rural Women Workers In Ernakulam District

The basic objective of the present study has been to observe the process and pattern of employment diversification among the rural women workers in Ernakulam district. The evidences are that the women workers in the rural areas of the state are being increasingly diversified into the tertiary sector. The clear cut evidence for the fact that in Kerala non-agricultural employment of rural women is increasing with more and more of them getting diversified into the tertiary sector. The women get more self esteem and recognition in terms of the work being done by them. In the urban areas of the state as a poverty eradicating measure the Kerala government has already introduced a new scheme under the banner of Kudumbasree. Another fact noticed in the study that the sectoral shift of women workers has posed a grave problem to the agricultural sector. The reluctance of workers to do manual jobs on land and the prevalence of high wages among the agricultural labours has left many a cultivable area fallow or has induced farmers to shift to less labour –intensive crops. The situation is expected to worsen in future as even the high wages fail to attract the young generation to this sector. To conclude the study has fulfilled all its objectives, viz; highlighting the rural employment structure in Kerala, examining the process, pattern, determinants and consequences of diversification among rural women workers in the sample villages. Being the first of its kind at the micro level in the state it contributes to the available literature in the area enriching the database that is crucially lacking for devising projects at the village and block-level. There exists ample scope for future research of similar nature in an urban background where the secondary data-sources are hinding towards a reversal of trends from non-agriculture to agriculture.

Influence of personality factors on the consumption of personal care products

This research was undertaken with the primary objective of explaining differences in consumption of personal care products using personality variables. Several streams of research reported were reviewed and a conceptual model was developed. Theories on the relationship between self concept and behaviour was reviewed and the need to use individual difference variables to conceptualize and measure the salient dimensions of the self were emphasized. Theories relating to social comparison, eating disorders, role of idealized media images in shaping the self-concept, evidence on cosmetic surgery and persuasibility were reviewed in the study. These came from diverse fields like social psychology, use of cosmetics, women studies, media studies, self-concept literature in psychology and consumer research, and marketing. From the review three basic dimensions, namely self-evaluation, self-awareness and persuasibility were identified and they were posited to be related to consumption. Several personality variables from these conceptual domains were identified and factor analysis confirmed the expected structure fitting the basic theoretical dimensions. Demographic variables like gender and income were also considered.It was found that self-awareness measured by the variable public self-consciousness explain differences in consumption of personal care products. The relationship between public self-consciousness and consumption was found to be most conspicuous in cases of poor self-, evaluation measured by self-esteem. Susceptibility to advertising also was found to explain differences in consumption.From the research, it may be concluded that personality variables are useful for explaining consumption and they must be used together to explain and understand the process. There may not be obvious and conspicuous links between individual measures and behaviour in marketing. However, when used in proper combination and with the help oftheoretical models personality offers considerable explanatory power as illustrated in the seventy five percent accuracy rate of prediction obtained in binary logistic regression.

Intelligent Use of Emotions in Personal Selling: A Study into the Effect of Emotional Intelligence on the Performance of Sales Executives

School of Management Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology

Role of social pressure as a key contributor of materialism and related status consumption

“At resale stores I have seen brand new clothes with original price tag still hanging from the sleeve. Some children have so many toys that they stay frustrated, not knowing which one to pick up for their next amusement. Presumably sensible adults trade in perfectly good cars just to have something shinier and newer. Didn’t us once live productive normal lives, without all these gadgets” [Cunningham (2005)]. During late eighties, nearly forty four percent of the participants, who took part in a consumer survey conducted in the US, responded positively to the question “My closets are filled with still 2 unopened items” [Faber and O’Guinn (1988)]. Reading such excerpts does not greatly surprise us anymore; as such reports have become common now. For many people shopping has moved beyond something that caters to their needs and wants and has become a hobby [Cunningham (2005)], an activity that they engage in to satisfy their hedonistic or pleasure-seeking goals [Ramnathan and Menon(2006), O’Cass and McEween (2004), Faber and O’Guinn (1989)]. Others look at their new possession as something that fills a void in their lives [Belk (1985), Diener et al. (1993)].

Values and their influence on the life satisfaction of adolescents aged 12 to 16: a study of some correlates

In this research we explore several aspects of quality of life in young people, working with factors such as self-esteem, locus of control, perceived social support, values, and so on. We examine the correlations among factors that influence the values and life satisfaction of adolescents aged 12-16. Furthermore, we analyze the data obtained from the children, on the one hand, and their parents, on the other, we explore the relationships between the factors and we consider the agreements and discrepancies between the responses of parents and their offspring

Factores asociados a la conducta alimentaria en preadolescentes

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n. Resumen tambi??n en ingl??s

Afrontamiento del abuso sexual infantil y ajuste psicol??gico a largo plazo

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Consecuencias del matoneo escolar. La importancia de creer que el mundo es justo

Este trabajo se acerca a una discusión sobre dinámicas individuales y colectivas del matoneo escolar y sus consecuencias explorando tres temas: características de los actores del Bullying (agresor, víctima y testigo), consecuencias sobre la vida emocional, y mecanismos de atribución para explicarlo. Primero, se estableció que el agresor, generalmente movido por el deseo ganar estatus social generalmente, justifica la agresión al pensar que la víctima obtiene su merecido. Su papel dentro de la dinámica afecta sus relaciones y la probabilidad de que vuelva a matonear a otros en el futuro. Las víctimas son estudiantes que están constantemente expuestos a maltrato o acciones violentas por parte de los otros pares. Pueden desarrollar trastornos de depresión, ansiedad y baja autoestima entre otras cosas. A veces justifican la agresión que reciben en su “mal comportamiento”, y otras aguantan la agresión con la esperanza de que el agresor reciba su castigo. Los testigos son aquellos que presencian el acto. Pueden sufrir de altos niveles de estrés o ansiedad. En algunos casos no hacen nada para defender a la víctima por miedo a ser agredidos, porque les parece una agresión justa o porque les es indiferente. En conclusión, se puede establecer que cada autor del bullying contribuye de maneras diferentes a que esta dinámica se desarrolle. Este se conforma o reacciona frente al matoneo dependiendo (entre otras cosas) de los mecanismos de atribución y de las teorías que construya para explicarlo. Sin embargo, hace falta más investigación sobre el tema.

Calidad de vida en personas con hemofilia: una revisión de la literatura

Introducción: La hemofilia es una enfermedad poco frecuente; no obstante, los avances en los tratamientos de pacientes hemofílicos en las últimas décadas han generado cambios en su calidad de vida. Esto ha motivado el desarrollo de múltiples investigaciones al respecto. Objetivo: Revisar la literatura sobre la calidad de vida en el paciente hemofílico, producida en el periodo 2008-2012. Método: Se consultaron algunas bases de datos científicas utilizando como palabras clave “hemofilia” y “calidad de vida”. Se recopiló la información encontrada y se organizó según los objetivos propuestos en “factores negativos” y “factores protectores” de la calidad de vida a nivel fisiológico, psicosocial y cultural; “instrumentos para la evaluación de la calidad de vida” a nivel específico y general; y antecedentes empíricos de los últimos cinco años en los que se evaluara la calidad de vida o se realizara alguna intervención en la misma. Resultados: En general la información disponible sobre el comportamiento epidemiológico de la hemofilia es limitada. El interés por factores protectores y negativos es principalmente de tipo fisiológico, aunque se encontraron factores de tipo psicosocial y cultural, lo que indica la importancia de profundizar en esta temática. Existen pocos instrumentos especializados para la evaluación de la calidad de vida en hemofílicos. La evidencia empírica se centra en la evaluación. Conclusión: El estudio de la calidad de vida en pacientes hemofílicos amerita ser abordado de manera interdisciplinaria.

La muerte en la psicoterapia fenomenológico-existencial

El siguiente trabajo pretende, mediante la revisión de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas, mostrar las distintas categorías en las que la muerte se trabaja dentro de la psicoterapia fenomenológico existencial. Es así como se hace un recorrido por los antecedentes filosóficos de este enfoque psicoterapéutico, las diferentes escuelas que dentro de él se desarrollan y sus planteamientos frente a la muerte, las maneras de morir, la muerte y el ciclo vital, y los avances actuales como la Teoría del Manejo del Terror (TMT) . Todos estos elementos se revisan para después ser relacionados y así proponer una serie de acciones prácticas a llevar a cabo dentro del encuentro psicoterapéutico con miras a un trabajo adecuado y productivo con la muerte desde una perspectiva existencial.

An approach from positive psychology to mental health of university freshmen in Concepcion (Chile)

University is a demanding and changing environment for first year students, what could affect their mental health and their academic performance. Due these conditions, this research wanted to analyze mental health in freshmen of a private university in, Concepción, Chile, oriented by an approach from positive psychology. 554 were selected and surveyed to evaluate three variables: self-Esteem, satisfaction with life and optimism. furthermore, socio-demographic characteristics and mental health problems were assessed. Outcomes show that students evaluate positively themselves, their life and future. In addition, these variables are related with age, type of former school, religion, depression and anxiety. Systematic relationship found between these three strengths of mental health and their inverse relationship with the most prevalent problems in this area highlight the relevance that these three variables could have to define preventive and remedial strategies to promote student welfare.

Variables asociadas a abuso físico y psicológico a la pareja

ResumenEl abuso físico y el abuso psicológico representan un problema de salud pública frecuente en mujeres colombianas. No obstante, pocas investigaciones exploran las variables asociadas en mujeres adultas. Objetivo: establecer variables psicosociales asociadas a abuso físico y psicológico en mujeres de Bogotá (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: se diseñó un estudio analítico transversal. Se solicitó la participación de mujeres adultas con pareja de estrato socioeconómico bajo. Se aplicaron las escalas: Apgar familiar (disfunción familiar), Escala de Rosenberg (autoestima), Cuestionario General de Salud (GHQ-12, trastornos mentales comunes) e Índice de Abuso a la Pareja (Index of Spouse Abuse, ISA-8, ISA-F e ISA-P). Mediante regresión logística se ajustaron la variables psicosociales asociadas al abuso físico y al abuso psicológico. Resultados: participaron 292 mujeres. La media para la edad fue 33,0 años (DE = 9,23). La prevalencia de baja autoestima fue del 29,1%; de disfunción familiar, del 82,5%; de trastornos mentales comunes, del 73,6%; de abuso psicológico, del 68,5% y de abuso físico, del 70,2%. Los trastornos mentales comunes (OR = 4,0; IC 95% 2,2-7,5), baja autoestima (OR = 2,4; IC 95% 1,2-4,7) y disfunción familiar (OR = 2,3; IC 95% 1,1-4,8) se asociaron a abuso psicológico; y baja autoestima (OR = 2,6; IC 95% 1,4-5,0) y trastornos mentales comunes (OR = 2,4; IC 95% 1,4-4,3) a abuso físico. Conclusiones: es alta la frecuencia de maltrato conyugal en mujeres de estrato socioeconómico bajo de Bogotá. El trastorno mental común y la baja autoestima se asocian a abuso psicológico y a abuso físico.

Does the unemployment benefit institution affect the productivity of workers? evidence from a field experiment

We investigate whether and how the type of unemployment benefit institution affects productivity. We designed a field experiment to compare workers’ productivity under a welfare system, where the unemployed receive an unconditional monetary transfer, with their productivity under a workfare system, where the transfer is received conditional on the unemployed spending some time on ancillary activities. First, we find that having an unemployment benefit institution, regardless of whether it makes transfers conditional or unconditional, increases workers’ productivity. Second, we find that productivity is higher under Welfare than under Workfare. Becoming unemployed under Welfare comes at the psychological cost of a drop in self-esteem, presumably due to the shame or stigma associated with receiving an unconditional unemployment benefit. We document the empirical relevance of precisely this channel. The differences we observe in productivity suggest that this psychological cost acts as an extra nonmonetary incentive for workers under Welfare to put a higher effort in their work.