970 resultados para Formigas - Nutrição
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The elaboration of profiles with characteristics that can be parameters in the different categories of sports modalities and the investment in scientific studies have revealed a significant importance in the development of new generations of athletes. Based in the exposed, the purpose of this study was to identify and compare the somatotype characteristics, physical qualities and genetic markers of Brazilian male volleyball players in the 14-17 category playing at different levels (international, national and regional). We used a scale, stadiometer, pachymeter, and adipometer to evaluate somatotype, attack and block reach test, medicine ball toss, 30-meter agility test , the AAHPER -30 test to evaluate basic physical qualities and the dermatoglyphic method to identify genetic markers. The results show the superiority of the national team over the other squads in the somatotype component (ectomorphy), and in the level of basic physical qualities. We found no significant difference in genetic markers among the teams studied. We conclude that Brazilian volleyball players at different performance levels have characteristics peculiar to the sport, with height and physical qualities being significantly different among these teams. The results confirm de necessity of knowing the athletes specific characteristics when dealing with high performance teams using nutrition, medicine, physiology and genetics specific knowledges to achieve a better sportive development
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The imprecision of the frontier that separates those cognitive deficits inherent to the human physiological aging process from those which represent the early signs of nervous system degenerative pathologies ,very prevalent among the elderly, has brought attention to the need of studies aiming to establish clinical and/or laboratorial criteria to allow this differentiation. Elderly people living in poor and developing countries are frequently exposed to precarious socioeconomic conditions which facilitate the development of an array of pathologies which have metabolic and nutritional dysfunctions as the established or proposed etiological agents. The levels of certain micronutrients, such as the vitamins B12 and B9 (folic acid), and of some intermediary metabolites, such as homocysteine are being thought of as etiological factors and/or as biological markers of a group of alterations which affect the normal functioning of the nervous system with important reflexes upon cognitive performance. This study aims to investigate the influence of homocysteine, B12 vitamin and folic acid levels on the cognitive performance of the low income elderly population. This transversal study took place in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, and involved 205 dwelling elderly people, users of the Programa de Saúde da Família, a public healthcare program, maintained by the city s health authorities. A multidimensional questionnaire was used to assess the socio-demographic aspects and the overall health and nutrition conditions. The cognitive performance was measured by the use of the Portuguese version of the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE). The serum levels of homocysteine, B12 vitamin and folic acid were determined by chemiluminescence. The association between the socio-demographic and serum levels of Hcy, B12 vitamin and folic acid was determined by multiple linear regression. Serum levels higher than 13.5 μmol/l, indicative of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), were found on 25.4% of the sample, being more prevalent in men (p<0.05). Deficitary levels of folic acid (<5ng/mol) and of B12 vitamin (<193 pg/ml) were found on 3.9% and 10.2% of the sample respectively. A negative correlation was found between cognitive performance with both age and HHcy and a positive correlation was found between cognitive performance and schooling. The isolated HHcy R2 values were an explanation to only 4% of the variance of the MMSE scores. However, when associated with schooling and age, this model explains about 25% of this association
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
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The aim of this study was to assess the acute and chronic effects of zinc in serum iron profile of children aged 6-9 years in relation to nutritional status and dietary intake. The study participants were 11 children regardless of sex, aged 6-9 years. They were selected from three public schools of the city of Natal, Brazil. Body mass index was used to assess nutritional status. In order to determine the patterns of childhood growth and ideal weight we used the standards of the World Health Organization. The dietary intake assessment was based on information from a three-day prospective food survey. The variables were energy intake, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, fiber, calcium, iron and zinc. All children underwent an intravenous administration of zinc (IVAZn) before and after oral administration of zinc (OAZn) (5 mg Zn / day) for three months. We measured serum iron, hematocrit, hemoglobin and total protein, before and after the use of oral zinc. The analysis of hematocrit, hemoglobin and total protein was performed using standard methods of clinical laboratory. Zinc levels and serum iron were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The project was evaluated and approved by the Ethics in Research Committee of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Results: All children had normal weight. The consumption of energy, fat, fiber, calcium and iron were below recommended levels. However, the levels of protein and carbohydrates were high. Protein and zinc increased significantly after OAZn. Carbohydrate and protein were elevated in the blood. After OAZn, both protein and zinc increased, being statistically significant. Conclusion: The potential inhibitory effect of physiological or pharmacological doses of zinc on the profile of serum iron was observed in children with healthy weight and aged between 6 and 9 years. This negative effect of zinc did not affect the levels of hematocrit or hemoglobin, and therefore did not cause anemia. This was a multidisciplinary study, involving researchers from medicine, nutrition and pharmacy. This met the requirements of multidisciplinarity of the Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte.
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The National School Nutrition Program is the oldest program in the country directed at food and nutrition safety. Its aims are to offer nutritional food as a supplement to students of public and philanthropic schools. Studying school nutrition transcends the investigation as a purely social program, given that it reaches the fields of public health, nutrition and food, using a wide variety of approaches. Thus, it is characterized by a multidisciplinary study, where the disciplines work side by side in distinct aspects of a single problem. Aim: This study aims to assess hygiene practices during the preparation of meat-based meals in public schools in the city of Natal, Brazil. Methods: A list was applied at 27 schools to identify the procedures of good food preparation practices. In addition, cooking and meal distribution temperature were measured and a microbiological analysis of the final preparation and of the water used in preparing it was performed. For microbiological analyses of the food, we analyzed coliforms at 45°C, coliforms at 35°C and Enterococcus, and for the water, we analyzed thermotolerant coliforms and total coliforms, using the methods recommended by APHA, 1995. Results: Most of the schools did not meet the required standards in all the variables related to good food preparation practices, except for the time spent preparing the meat, in which 89% were within the norm. Cooking temperature of the meals was within the standard; however, the temperature at distribution and the time spent dispensing the meals were inadequate. Of the 27 schools, 22 (81.5%) showed the presence of coliforms at 35° C in at least one meal sample and 18 (66.7%) had values above the recommended limit for coliforms at 45°C. The presence of E. coli was identified in 6.1% of the samples analyzed. The presence of Enterococcus was not found at any of the schools. With respect to the water, the North district of the city was the only one that did not meet the standards for the two indicators evaluated. The contamination found was not associated with the hygiene or food storage problems observed. Conclusions: The results show that the hygiene-sanitary conditions of meat-based public school meals were unsatisfactory, demonstrating the need for improvements in the production process to preserve the health of the student population. Multidisciplinarity: Researchers from the areas of food microbiology, nutrition, public health and statistics took part in this study, a decisive factor for characterizing the research as multidisciplinary
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Osgood-Schlatter (O-S) syndrome, a pathology of the musculoskeletal system, exhibits high incidence in adolescence, a phase of accelerated bone growth. Detection of physiopathological mechanisms that may cause disorders and dysfunctions in bone growth must be taken into account when planning physical activities, in order to promote normal physiological growth patterns. The aim of this epidemiological investigation was to identify and analyze the relationships between sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical aspects and O-S. A cross-sectional design was used, with a representative sample of 956 subjects: 474 (49.6%) males and 482 (50.4%) females. Age range varied between 12 and 15 years (mean = 13.7±1.04). We used a battery of tests, previously applied in a pilot study, which met the aims of the investigation. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) were used and the odds ratio was calculated from bivariate and multivariate logistic regression (p<0.05). A prevalence of 9.8% was found (n = 94 cases): 11% males and 8.3% females. Hierarchized multivariate analysis showed a significant association between regular physical activities (OR= 1.94; CI 95%, 1.22-3.10) and shortening of the rectus femoris muscle (OR= 7.15; CI 95%, 2.86-17.86). The results may serve as a basis for therapeutic and prophylactic measures, in addition to increasing our knowledge of this syndrome in Brazilian adolescents. This investigation used a multidisciplinary approach, involving elements of anatomy, nutrition, physical education and physical therapy to elucidate the object under study related to Osgood-Schlatter syndrome
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In Brazil school food is constitutionally guaranteed to public school students at the preschool and elementary level. This food must be nutritious, hygienic and sanitary. The aim of the present study was to assess the hygienic/sanitary conditions of food and table utensil handlers in municipal public schools in Natal, Brazil. In total, 27 public schools were assessed, using a checklist and microbiological analysis of the hands and table utensils. For the microbiological analyses of the hands, coliforms were analyzed at 45ºC and for the utensils aerobic mesophilic bacteria, using methods recognized by AOAC, 2002 and APHA, 1992, respectively. Most of the schools studied did not exhibit good food and utensil handling practice procedures in any of the variables analyzed. It was shown that 74.1% of the handlers received no periodic training, 51.9% did not undergo annual health examinations and 100% did not practice proper hand hygiene, which reflected significantly (p < 0.05) in hand contamination, where fecal coliforms were detected on 55.6% of the hands analyzed. With respect to the utensils, it was found that 100% of the schools studied did not follow correct hygiene practices and most were classified as very bad ; that is, aerobic mesophilic bacteria values above the limits established by PAHO (Pan American Health Organization), with schools in the north and south districts recording the highest percentages. The results show that the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the food and utensil handlers in the schools studied were inadequate, demonstrating the need for implanting good handling practices aimed at protecting the health of children that take part in the program and offering safer foods. Researchers from the areas of food microbiology, nutrition, public health and statistics participated in this study, a decisive factor for characterizing it as multidisciplinary
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Congenital generalized lipodystrophy is a rare genetic disease with autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by the generalized absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue and insulin resistance. The aim of our study was to determine the profile of patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy (Berardinelli-Seip syndrome) through their clinical history, eating habits, and socioeconomic and cultural aspects; assess food consumption and nutritional status of the study group; propose and evaluate a diet therapy model associated to oral supplementation with zinc to help in the control and prevention of metabolic complications associated to the pathology. Initial assessment of food consumption indicated a voracious appetite in all the patients studied. The introduction of zinc reduced appetite, contributing to patient adherence to the food plan proposed. It was also observed that the proposed diet contributed mainly to glycidic control, specifically with respect to HbA1c. The nutritional status of the patients investigated was adequate in terms of body mass index (BMI), arm muscle circumference (AMC), arm muscle area AMA, but triceps skinfold (TSF) indicated serious malnutrition. Our study is unique in the literature and provides important information to the field of nutrition and to individuals with this pathology. Furthermore, it contemplates the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary requirements of the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
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O presente estudo objetivou analisar as características epidemiológicas das condições de saúde bucal de 98 idosos de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) e de 125 participantes de Grupos de Convivência, de bairros periféricos, socialmente semelhantes, de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, para orientação do tratamento odontológico. Investigou-se a autopercepção em saúde bucal desses idosos a fim de realizar uma avaliação comparativa entre eles e com os levantamentos epidemiológicos de base nacional (SB Brasil) e de base estadual (SB Ceará). Devido a alguns idosos da ILPI recusarem o tratamento dentário e a identificação do elevado percentual de demenciados, optou-se por realizar uma avaliação cognitiva, o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) visando identificar os aptos à reabilitação oral. Métodos: abordagem epidemiológica do tipo transversal, sendo a coleta de dados realizada por cinco examinadores, utilizando os critérios recomendados pela OMS (1997). Resultados: O CPO-D médio encontrado na ILPI, foi de 29,88, com predomínio do componente perdido (93,27%) enquanto o CPO-D médio dos não institucionalizados fixou-se em 30,17, com predomínio do componente perdido (63,70%). Também se avaliou o uso e a necessidade de prótese dentária: dos residentes na ILPI, 10,20% usavam prótese superior e 3,06%, inferior; 94,90% necessitavam de prótese superior e 97,96% de inferior; sendo a prótese total foi o tipo mais prevalente, 88,78% para ambos os arcos. O percentual do uso de prótese dos não institucionalizados foi 71,20% no arco superior, sendo 66,40% prótese total; já para o arco inferior, 32,80%, das quais 31,20% era prótese total. No presente estudo, tanto para uso quanto para necessidade, considerando ambos os arcos, a diferença entre os idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados foi estatisticamente significativa pelo teste Qui - quadrado (p<0,001). Como resultado do MEEM, observou-se deterioração cognitiva (escore ≤ 12) em 37,25% dos entrevistados, bem como um declínio cognitivo com o avanço da idade. Conclusões: Os resultados apontam que há um maior percentual de uso de prótese total no arco superior e maior frequência quanto à ausência de próteses de qualquer tipo no arco inferior. Evidenciou-se que os idosos pesquisados foram submetidos a tratamento mutilador e, como consequência necessitam de reabilitação oral, o que pressupõe a necessidade de políticas públicas para que isso ocorra efetivamente. Os participantes deste estudo caracterizam-se por uma autopercepção positiva da sua saúde bucal, a despeito das condições clínicas insatisfatórias e de precária saúde bucal, com acentuada prevalência de cárie dentária e edentulismo. O MEEM revelou deficiência cognitiva na maioria dos idosos, confirmando que a sua aplicação, previamente à reabilitação oral pode evitar desperdícios financeiros.Tais achados refletem a necessidade de implantação de políticas reabilitadoras em saúde bucal voltadas para o idoso; baseadas na perspectiva da integralidade como princípio doutrinário do Sistema Único de Saúde, o que redundaria numa melhor qualidade de vida, tanto pela melhor mastigação, digestão e nutrição, pelo maior aproveitamento dos alimentos, quanto pelo favorecimento à comunicação, pela dicção e fala, contribuindo para a socialização e consequente elevação da autoestima dessa clientela.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
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O sedentarismo é cada vez mais acentuado entre os adolescentes em todo o mundo. Objetivou-se neste estudo analisar o estado nutricional e a aptidão física de escolares norte-rio-grandenses. Participaram 2065 sujeitos, selecionados aleatoriamente (Masc = 1066, Fem = 999) (Natal n=1158; Mossoró n= 312; Lajes n= 231), divididos em três grupos etários pelos estágios maturacionais: 10 a 12 anos, 13 a 14 anos e _ 15 anos. Foi avaliada a composição corporal (IMC, dobras cutâneas tríceps e subescapular); o hábito alimentar (questionário de prevalência do consumo por grupo alimentar); o índice de atividade física (questionário Baeck) e o nível de aptidão física (testes do salto em distância, flexibilidade, resistência abdominal e cardiovascular). Utilizando-se a estatística descritiva, testes de médias pela análise dos intervalos de confiança, o teste de Kruskall-Wallis, teste t, o Qui2 e o coeficiente de contingência. Encontraram-se diferenças significativas com p < 0001 na distribuição do índice de massa corporal (n = 1701); Região Leste Potiguar (RLP) com excesso de peso e obesidade de 16,8 % e 15,2 %, a Região Oeste 16,3% e 9,6 % e a Região Central 10,4 % e 3,9 %, com as escolas privadas contribuindo significativamente na prevalência dessas variáveis nas RLP e ROP com p < 0,003 e p < 0,001 respectivamente. O hábito alimentar demonstrou que 98,3% dos sujeitos consomem alimentos do grupo das massas 98,3%; cereais 97,7%; laticínios 94,7%; frutas 92,3%; gorduras 88,3% e as hortaliças 61,6%, não havendo diferenças significativas no consumo alimentar entre o tipo de escolas e gênero (n = 300). No índice de atividade física habitual há diferenças entre esses respectivos extratos: 2,65±0,78 e 2,81±0,80 (p < 0,014) e 2,89±0,82 e 2,57±0,78 (p < 0,001), com as práticas de atividades esportivas, programas de exercícios físicos e lazer ativo mais significativo em escolas privadas 2,85 ± 1,06 e 3,37±1,26 (p < 0,001) em prol do sexo masculino com 3,47±1,24 e 2,75±1,03 (p <0,001). Resistência abdominal ( =19) e força de membros inferiores ( =128,5 cm) foram classificadas como muito fraco , a flexibilidade ( =26,9 cm) razoável e resistência geral ( =1439 m) como bom . Conclui-se que o hábito alimentar e o baixo índice de atividade física habitual influenciam negativamente os índices da aptidão física relacionada à saúde dos escolares, com menor incidência em instituições privadas em função das práticas esportivas. Este estudo apresenta relação de interface multidisciplinar, tendo o seu conteúdo uma aplicação nos campos da Medicina, Nutrição e Educação Física
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Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: (1) estimar as prevalências de excesso de peso e de gordura corporal, obesidade central e pressão arterial elevada (PAE) em adolescentes beneficiários do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) da rede municipal de ensino de Natal-RN; (2) verificar a associação entre variáveis antropométricas e de composição corporal com a pressão arterial, a maturação sexual e a história familiar positiva de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular (FRDCV); (3) comparar dois padrões de referência para classificação do excesso de peso em adolescentes; e (4) propor equações preditivas de massa gorda (MG) e massa livre de gordura (MLG) baseadas nos perímetros corporais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com 526 adolescentes beneficiários do PNAE, em Natal, Brasil. O tamanho da população de estudo foi definido por amostragem aleatória, em dois estágios, e ponderada segundo número de alunos de cada escola. No primeiro estudo, o excesso de peso foi determinado por Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), a gordura corporal estimada por dobras cutâneas e a obesidade central por perímetro abdominal. A pressão arterial elevada foi classificada conforme a American Academy of Pediatrics. As prevalências foram apresentadas em valores relativos e efeito do desenho. Realizou-se uma análise fatorial para sintetizar o conjunto de variáveis antropométricas visando identificar fatores comuns. Extraíram-se dois fatores: (1) padrão excesso de adiposidade e (2) padrão adiposidade central elevada. Para avaliar a associação entre os padrões de adiposidade corporal com pressão arterial elevada, faixa etária, maturação sexual e história familiar de FRDCV utilizou-se a Razão de Chances e respectivo intervalo de confiança de 95% e regressão logística. No segundo estudo, calculou-se a sensibilidade e a especificidade do excesso de peso classificado segundo o IOTF e a World Health Organization WHO em relação ao excesso de adiposidade corporal; e a estatística Kappa para medir a concordância entre os dois padrões de referência. No terceiro estudo, foram elaborados modelos preditivos de MG e MLG com base em nove perímetros corporais, utilizando a bioimpedância Byodinamics 450 como padrão de referência. Para tanto foram selecionados 218 adolescentes eutróficos, segundo o IMC a partir do estudo transversal. As equações foram estimadas por regressão linear múltipla, considerando a idade e os perímetros corporais. Os resultados apontaram que 14,1% dos meninos e 15,7% das meninas tinham excesso de peso; 15,3% dos meninos e 11,6% das meninas tinham excesso de gordura corporal e dentre os meninos 14,3% tinham pressão arterial elevada e as meninas, 21,4%. Todos os efeitos do desenho foram inferiores a 2,5%. Nos meninos, o padrão excesso de adiposidade foi associado à história familiar positiva de FRDCV (ORajust=2,60; 1,09-6,22), maturação sexual (ORajust=2,92; 1,04-8,22) e PAE (ORajust=3,66; 1,34-9,94). Os meninos com 12 anos e mais apresentaram 6,1 vezes mais chance de apresentar padrão adiposidade central elevada do que os adolescentes com 10 a 11 anos (IC95% 2,32-16,04), assim como os púberes apresentaram 3,2 vezes este mesmo padrão em relação aos pré-púberes (IC95%1,14-8,85). A partir da comparação entre os dois padrões de referencia de classificação do excesso de peso por meio do IMC, observou-se que a sensibilidade foi de 79,3% para o critério IOTF e de 88,9% para WHO e a especificidade foi de 94,7% e 89,9%, respectivamente. O nível de concordância foi maior para o critério IOTF (Kappa=0,70 x Kappa=0,64). Em relação à construção das equações preditivas de gordura corporal, do total de 106 meninos e 112 meninas, foram desenvolvidas duas equações para estimar MG e duas para MLG, considerando o sexo. No sexo masculino, a equação para estimar a MG incluiu as variáveis idade, punho, quadril e perímetro abdominal (R2=0,552; AIC=416,04) e MLG, idade, punho e antebraço (R2=0,869; AIC=578,24). Enquanto que no feminino, MG foi estimada pelas variáveis punho, perímetro do abdômen, do quadril, da coxa proximal e da panturrilha (R2=0,838; AIC=415,36); e a MLG por idade, punho, perímetro do abdômen, do quadril e da panturrilha (R2=0,878; AIC=512,48). Conclui-se que os adolescentes tinham elevada prevalência de excesso de adiposidade corporal e de pressão arterial elevada. Tanto o padrão excesso de adiposidade quanto adiposidade central elevada constituem-se em padrões de risco. O padrão excesso de adiposidade foi associado à pressão arterial, história familiar positiva de FRDCV e maturação sexual em meninos. O critério IOTF mostrou-se menos sensível, mais específico, com maior nível de concordância e maior probabilidade de identificar corretamente o excesso de gordura corporal nos adolescentes avaliados. Quatro equações foram desenvolvidas para a estimativa da MG e MLG em adolescentes. As equações desenvolvidas para estimar a MG no sexo feminino e MLG para ambos os sexos apresentaram valores elevados de coeficiente de determinação ajustados e, portanto, são as preferenciais. Este estudo foi realizado com a participação de equipe multidisciplinar composta por professores da área de Nutrição, Endocrinologia Pediátrica, Estatística, Educação Física, discentes do Curso de Graduação em Nutrição e residentes em Pediatria
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A fase da puberdade é o período em que ocorrem as maiores transformações características da adolescência. Por essa razão, este estudo objetivou identificar o estado nutricional, desempenho motor e marcadores dermatoglíficos em 2363 escolares púberes selecionados de forma estratificada, de ambos os sexos, com idades variando de 6 a 15 anos, matriculados no Ensino Fundamental (2ª a 9ª Séries) do ensino público no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Foram avaliados o estado nutricional (Índice de Massa Corporal); as qualidades físicas básicas ( testes de coordenação, equilíbrio, agilidade, flexibilidade, força e velocidade); o potencial genético (método da dermatoglifia) e o estágio maturacional (auto avaliação de Tanner); Com relação ao estado nutricional observou-se que escolares acima do peso apresentam valores mais baixos em relação ao seu desempenho motor sendo esses valores, mais significativos nos meninos. No que se refere à maturação sexual, os resultados apontaram que os meninos atingem os estágios maturacionais primeiro que as meninas, não tendo encontrado correlação entre o potencial genético e os demais indicadores o que nos permite concluir que os escolares do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, principalmente os do sexo masculino sofrem influência significativa de seu estado nutricional e seu estágio maturacional no que diz respeito ao seu desempenho motor. Essa dissertação apresenta relação de interdisciplinaridade, tendo o seu conteúdo uma aplicação nos campos da Educação Física, Nutrição, Medicina e Enfermagem.
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Physiological changes induced by the aging process is dynamic and progressive, reducing the adaptability and independence of older people and may be influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Thus the aim of this thesis was to investigate the association between polymorphism of the ACE gene ID and the phenotypes of muscular strength and blood pressure of 62 elderly Brazilian (67.35 ± 5.66 years) during a 16-week program of supervised training. The elderly women were stratified by age, with the group 1 (G1, n = 34) <70 years and group 2 (G2 n = 28) ≥ 70 years, and in three groups by ACE, ACE-II (n = 8) ACE- DD (n = 35) and ACE-ID (n = 19). The level of muscle strength was evaluated by the method of maximum repetitions and measures of blood pressure (BP) were measured before and after training (PAPré1 and PAPós1) and before and after each training session (PAPre2 and PAPós2), in place of training. DNA samples were isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes polymorphism and insertion / deletion (ID) of the ACE gene (rs1800795) was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) plus PCR-confirmatory. The genotype distribution of the polymorphism ID attended the prerogatives of Hardy-Weitíherg. There was variation in power levels before and after training and the age between groups (t-test) and the ACE polymorphism (ANOVA) (p <0.05). Depending on the results it was concluded that resistance training helps to reduce SBP and increased muscle strength of upper and lower limbs when considering the age and ACE polymorphism. In this study the Elderly carriers of the D allele were more reactive to changes in BP resistance training. This study was multidisciplinary project involving researchers in the areas Medical, Physical Education, Pharmacy, Nutrition, Gerontology and Statistics. This fulfilled the requirements of the multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Health Sciences
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The biliopancretic diversion with duodenal switch is one of the mixing techniques used in the treatment of morbid obesity. The duodenal switch reduces the stomach capacity and leaves only 50-100 cm of small intestine for nutrition and absorption. The surgery produces hormonal, structural and biochemical changes, which can influence on the result of scintigraphic examinations in operated patients. With the objective of evaluate the postoperative biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate (Na99mTcO4) in brain, thyroid, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, small intestine, bladder, muscle and bone of Wistar rats. The rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 7 rats each: the duodenal switch group (DS), the control group (C) and the sham group (S). They were operated under anesthesia and aseptic technique. In the tenth postoperative day, 0.1mL of sodium pertechnetate was injected via orbital plexus. After 30 min the animals were killed with overdose of anesthetic and samples of liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, thyroid, lung, heart, kidney, bladder, muscle, bone and brain were harvested, washed with saline and weighed. The detention of radioactivity was made using the automatic Gamma Counter Wizard, PerkinElmer and the percentage of activity per gram of tissue (%ATI/g) was calculated. There was no early or late mortality in either rats groups. The values of percent radioactivity per gram of tissue (%ATI/g), showed no significant difference in liver, stomach, small bowel, duodenum, kidney, heart, bladder, bone and brain, when compared the DS rats with sham and controls rats. A postoperative significant increase in mean %ATI/g levels was observed in spleen, pancreas and muscle in group DS rats, as compared to group S and C rats (p<0.05). In the lung there was an increase and in thyroid a decrease in mean %ATI/g of DS rats, when compared to sham rats (p>0.05). In conclusion, the biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch in rats modified the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate in thyroid, lung, pancreas, spleen and muscle. The study had the participation of the departments and laboratories researches, as Nucleus of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Radiobiology, Department of Pathology and Service of Nuclear Medicine, certifying the character of a multidisciplinary research