Influência de termofosfato de alumínio na produção de grãos de milho em Latossolo Amarelo do Sudeste Paraense.

Os altos custos dos fosfatos industrializados têm contribuído para restringir o uso desses insumos na Amazônia, o que condiciona a busca de fontes alternativas de fósforo. Diante disso, a tarefa de estudar a eficiência de fontes de fósforo é importante para orientar a indústria de transformação, bem como para recomendar ao produtor rural o melhor manejo para cada fonte. Visando avaliar a eficiência agronômica do termofosfato de alumínio, como fonte de P, um experimento foi conduzido em um Latossolo Amarelo distrófico, textura muito argilosa, em Paragominas-PA. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições em arranjo fatorial de 3x4 correspondendo a três fontes de P (Bayóvar, Superfosfato triplo-SFT, termofosfato de alumínio) e quatro doses de P (0, 50, 100 e 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5). Os teores de fósforo no solo e produção de grãos de milho apresentaram um comportamento linear em resposta à aplicação de doses crescentes de termofosfato de alumínio, apresentando um comportamento muito semelhante ao fosfato reativo de Bayóvar. A aplicação de doses crescentes de termofosfato de alumínio promove aumento na produção de grãos de milho, apresentando comportamento muito semelhante ao fosfato reativo de Bayóvar. A maior eficiência agronômica do termofosfato de alumínio se verifica na maior dose de P aplicada (200 kg ha-1 de P2O5).

Avaliação do impacto de milho transgênico expressando o gene de tolerância ao alumínio SbMATE sobre a comunidade bacteriana do solo.

2016

O uso indevido de benzodiazepínicos e suas consequências: como estabelecer redução de dosagens ou substituição

Estudo descritivo que se pretende a correlacionar o uso de benzodiazepínicos a seus efeitos colaterais, bem como melhores indicações para prescrição e orientação aos pacientes.A partir de levantamento de dados sobre diversos estudos puderam ser observad as questões como efeitos colaterais em uso de curto e longo prazo, principais indicações e formas de orientação ao uso.Fora proposto um sistema de retirada, redução ou substituição das drogas em uso, de modo experimental. Os pacientes foram selecionados através: O sistema proposto é baseado no tempo de uso. A maior parte da indicação foi para tratamento de insônia, sendo que nenhum dos casos era de insônia primaria. Muitos pacientes se queixaram da falta de orientação sobre a medicação e do vínculo fraco estabelecido com os prescritores. A retirada se fez mais eficaz para usuários com tempo de uso inferior a 1 ano, mantendo níveis mais modestos para pacientes com uso superior a 1 ano, considerando as associações medicamentosas feitas durante o processo de retirada Tendo em vista a vivência de uma situação global de crises e a desconsideração das diferenças individuais, que tornariam muito criterioso o uso de tais medicamentos, os efeitos colaterais da medicação e o número de prescrições têm se tornado mais observáveis e preocupantes, o que torna essencial estabelecer um método mais criterioso de classificação do uso destes medicamentos. Para tanto se tornam essenciais uma entrevista mais criteriosa destes pacientes, estabelecer um vínculo com os prescritores e indicação de outros métodos concomitantes para reduzir a dependência medicamentosa.

Germinação e crescimento de Calophyllum brasiliense (Clusiaceae), uma espécie típica de florestas inundadas

Soil waterlogging and the subsequent reduction in the amount of oxygen available for the respiration of the root system selected, along the evolutive process, plants able to thrive in seasonally or permanently flooded areas. In neotropical plants there are many types of adaptations to flooding. In this paper we present the results of the work carried out with seeds and seedlings of C brasiliense subjected to hypoxia during germination and early development. C brasiliense seeds are not photoblastic and survive up to three months burried in a water saturated substrate, but germination only takes place in well-drained soils. Soil waterlogging does not inhibit seedling growth and there are no apparent morphological changes of the aerial part of flooded plants. New and aerated roots that make plant survival possible replace old and spoiled roots. In contrast to many typical species of flood-prone areas where growth is inhibited by oxygen stress. C. brasiliense seedlings seem to be well adapted to their waterlogged environment. Seed dispersion, the absence of photoblastic response as well as seed and seedling capacity of surviving and growing in waterlogged soils contribute to the wide geographic distribution of C. brasiliense always associated with areas subjected to soil waterlogging.

Caracterização sensorial de amêndoas de castanha-de-caju fritas e salgadas

Shelled, roasted and salted cashew nut kernels were packaged in three different flexible materials (PP/PE= polypropylene / polyethylene; PETmet/PE= metallized polyethylene terephthalate / polyethylene; PET/Al/LDPE= polyethylene terephthalate / aluminum foil / low density polyethylene ), with different barrier properties. Kernels were stored for one year at 30° C and 80% relative humidity. Quantitative descriptive sensory analysis (QDA) were performed at the end of storage time. Descriptive terms obtained for kernels characterization were brown color, color uniformity and rugosity for appearance; toasted kernel, sweet, old and rancidity for odor; toasted kernel, sweet, old rancidity, salt and bitter for taste, crispness for texture. QDA showed that factors responsible for sensory quality decrease, after one year storage, were increase in old aroma and taste, increase in rancidity aroma and taste, decrease in roasted kernel aroma and taste, and decrease of crispness. Sensory quality decrease was higher in kernels packaged in PP/PE.

Análise tempo-intensidade dos estímulos doce e amargo de extrato de folhas de estévia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni] em doçura equivalente a sacarose

The extract of stevia leaves (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is the only sweetener utilized in sucrose substitution which can be produced totally in Brazil. The objective of this study, was determine the temporal characteristic of sweet and bitter taste of stevia and compare with sucrose at 3 and 10% in the same equi-sweet. The time-intensity curves (T-I) for each substance were collected through the software Sistema de Coleta de Dados Tempo-Intensidade - SCDTI for Windows, where the judges recorded through of mouse the perception of each stimuli inside function of time, for each sample. The parameters of T-I curves collected were: time for intensity maxim (TImax), intensity maxim (Imax), time of decay (Td), time of plato (Platô), area under curve (Area) and total time of stimuli duration (Ttot). The parameters Td, Ttot, Area e Plato of T-I curves, for stimuli sweet in both sweetness level, were significativelly superior for stevia, while Timax e Imax were significativelly inferior (p£0,05), at differences between value for both substances were superior DESS at 10%. Sucrose didn?t present any record for simuli bitter as 3 as 10%, while stevia presented a characteristic T-I curve with intensity and total time of stimuli duration dependent of concentration.

Antioxidative responses of cell suspension cultures of two Coffea arabica varieties to low aluminum levels at pH 5.8

The effects of aluminum (Al) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and ferritin expression were studied in cell suspension cultures of two varieties of Coffea arabica, Mundo Novo and Icatu, in medium with pH at 5.8. The cells were incubated with 300 µM Al3+, and the Al speciation as Al3+ was 1.45% of the mole fraction. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were increased in Mundo Novo, whereas glutathione reductase (GR) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) activities remained unchanged. SOD, GR, and GST activities were increased in Icatu, while CAT activity was not changed, and GPOX activity decreased. The expression of two ferritin genes (CaFer1 and CaFer2) were analyzed by Real-Time PCR. Al caused a downregulation of CaFER1 expression and no changes of CaFER2 expression in both varieties. The Western blot showed no alteration in ferritin protein levels in Mundo Novo and a decrease in Icatu. The differential enzymes responses indicate that the response to Al is variety-dependent.

Long-term follow-up of an 8-year-old boy with insulinoma as the first manifestation of a familial form of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome characterized mostly by parathyroid, enteropancreatic, and anterior pituitary tumors. We present a case of an 8-year-old boy referred because of hypoglycemic attacks. His diagnosis was pancreatic insulinoma. Paternal grandmother died due to repeated gastroduodenal ulcerations and a paternal aunt presented similar manifestations. At a first evaluation, the father presented only gastric ulceration but subsequently developed hyperparathyroidism and lung carcinoid tumor. During almost 15 years of follow-up, three brothers and the index case presented hyperparathyroidism and hyperprolactinemia. Molecular study showed a G to A substitution in intron 4, at nine nucleotides upstream of the splicing acceptor site, causing a splicing mutation. All affected members of the family have the same mutation. Paternal grandmother and aunt were not studied and the mother does not carry any mutation. MEN1 is a rare condition that requires permanent medical assistance. Early clinical and genetic identification of affected individuals is essential for their own surveillance and also for genetic counseling.

Structural aspects of the p.P222Q homozygous mutation of HSD3B2 gene in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Type II 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4-isomerase (3β-HSD2), encoded by the HSD3B2 gene, is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of all the classes of steroid hormones. Deleterious mutations in the HSD3B2 gene cause the classical deficiency of 3β-HSD2, which is a rare autosomal recessive disease that leads to congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). CAH is the most frequent cause of ambiguous genitalia and adrenal insufficiency in newborn infants with variable degrees of salt losing. Here we report the molecular and structural analysis of the HSD3B2 gene in a 46,XY child, who was born from consanguineous parents, and presented with ambiguous genitalia and salt losing. The patient carries a homozygous nucleotide c.665C>A change in exon 4 that putatively substitutes the proline at codon 222 for glutamine. Molecular homology modeling of normal and mutant 3β-HSD2 enzymes emphasizes codon 222 as an important residue for the folding pattern of the enzyme and validates a suitable model for analysis of new mutations.

Estudo das propostas de formação profissional desenvolvidas pala Faculdade de Educação Fisica de Santo Andre

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Preparação profissional em educação fisica : das leis a implementação dos curriculos

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Effect of laser welding on the titanium composite tensile bond strength

The aim of this study was to analyze the shear bond strength between commercially pure titanium, with and without laser welding, after airbone-particle abrasion (Al2O3) and 2 indirect composites. Sixty-four specimens were cast and divided into 2 groups with and without laser welding. Each group was divided in 4 subgroups, related to Al2O3 grain size: A - 250 µm; B - 180 µm; C- 110 µm; and D - 50 µm. Composite rings were formed around the rods and light polymerized using UniXS unit. Specimens were invested and their shear bond strength at failure was measured with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2.0 mm/min. Statistical analysis was carried out with ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The highest bond strength means were recorded in 250 µm group without laser welding. The lowest shear bond strength means were recorded in 50 µm group with laser welding. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found between all groups. In conclusion, airborne particle abrasion yielded significantly lower bond strength as the Al2O3 particle size decreased. Shear bond strength decreased in the laser welded specimens.

Polymerization shrinkage stress of composites photoactivated by different light sources

The purpose of this study was to compare the polymerization shrinkage stress of composite resins (microfilled, microhybrid and hybrid) photoactivated by quartz-tungsten halogen light (QTH) and light-emitting diode (LED). Glass rods (5.0 mm x 5.0 cm) were fabricated and had one of the surfaces air-abraded with aluminum oxide and coated with a layer of an adhesive system, which was photoactivated with the QTH unit. The glass rods were vertically assembled, in pairs, to a universal testing machine and the composites were applied to the lower rod. The upper rod was placed closer, at 2 mm, and an extensometer was attached to the rods. The 20 composites were polymerized by either QTH (n=10) or LED (n=10) curing units. Polymerization was carried out using 2 devices positioned in opposite sides, which were simultaneously activated for 40 s. Shrinkage stress was analyzed twice: shortly after polymerization (t40s) and 10 min later (t10min). Data were analyzed statistically by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (a=5%). The shrinkage stress for all composites was higher at t10min than at t40s, regardless of the activation source. Microfilled composite resins showed lower shrinkage stress values compared to the other composite resins. For the hybrid and microhybrid composite resins, the light source had no influence on the shrinkage stress, except for microfilled composite at t10min. It may be concluded that the composition of composite resins is the factor with the strongest influence on shrinkage stress.

Effect of casting atmosphere on the shear bond strength of a ceramic to Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-Be alloys

The success of metal-ceramic restorations depends on an optimal bond between metal and ceramic. This study evaluated the effect of 3 casting atmospheres on the metal-ceramic bond strength (MCBS) of 2 Ni-Cr alloys, with beryllium (Fit Cast V) and without beryllium (Fit Cast SB). Sixty acrylic resin patterns (8 mm long and 5 mm diameter) were obtained using a fluorocarbon resin matrix. Wax was used to refine the surface of acrylic resin patterns that were invested and cast in an induction casting machine under normal, vacuum, and argon atmospheres at a temperature of 1340ºC. The castings were divested manually and airborne-particle abraded with 100-µm aluminum-oxide. Ten castings were obtained for each group. The IPS Classic V ceramic was applied (2 mm high and 5 mm diameter). The shear bond strength was tested in a mechanical testing machine with a crosshead speed of 2.0 mm/min. The MCBS data (MPa) were subjected to 2-way analysis of variance (α=0.05). There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the alloys or among the casting atmospheres. Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that the presence of beryllium and the casting atmosphere did not interfere in the MCBS of the evaluated metal-ceramic combinations

Effect of repeated disinfections by microwave energy on the physical and mechanical properties of denture base acrylic resins

The present study evaluated the effect of repeated simulated microwave disinfection on physical and mechanical properties of Clássico, Onda-Cryl and QC-20 denture base acrylic resins. Aluminum patterns were included in metallic or plastic flasks with dental stone following the traditional packing method. The powder/liquid mixing ratio was established according to the manufacturer's instructions. After water-bath polymerization at 74ºC for 9 h, boiling water for 20 min or microwave energy at 900 W for 10 min, the specimens were deflasked after flask cooling and finished. Each specimen was immersed in 150 mL of distilled water and underwent 5 disinfection cycles in a microwave oven set at 650 W for 3 min. Non-disinfected and disinfected specimens were subjected to the following tets: Knoop hardness test was performed with 25 g load for 10 s, impact strength test was done using the Charpy system with 40 kpcm, and 3-point bending test (flexural strength) was performed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α= 0.05%). Repeated simulated microwave disinfections decreased the Knoop hardness of Clássico and Onda-Cryl resins and had no effect on the impact strength of QC-20. The flexural strength was similar for all tested resins.