Apoio à tomada de decisão em empresas de serviços de turismo: um estudo de caso em agência de viagens

A nova visão do agente de viagens como consultor de viagens coloca novos desafios ao seu posicionamento no mercado. As agências de viagens necessitam de uma política de inovação, conhecimento e tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs)que lhes permitam possuir vantagem competitiva. Esta dissertação aborda o Balanced Scorecard, este método foi utilizado por apresentar um conjunto de perspectivas que permite acompanhar o desempenho de uma empresa prestadora de serviços de turismo, nomeadamente do departamento de incoming – individuais de uma Agência de Viagens, de modo a apoiar e melhorar o processo de gestão da mesma. O Balanced Scorecard visa traduzir a estratégia da empresa em objectivos e medidas dentro de quatro perspectivas: financeira, clientes, processos internos e aprendizagem e crescimento. A implementação deste método facilitou os processos de análise reduzindo a informação necessária para a tomada de decisão a um número de indicadores que traduzem o negócio do departamento. Inclui-se neste estudo a modelação do negócio do departamento de “incoming – individuais” de modo a representar as actividades principais sobre as quais, o departamento se baseia e funciona. Pretendeu-se distinguir quais as actividades e recursos envolvidos na concretização dos objectivos tendo em atenção a sequência das actividades, os serviços prestados e as fontes de informação utilizadas. Esta dissertação descreve ainda a utilização de um sistema de informação baseado numa Intranet, que é o meio ideal para comunicar toda a informação relevante da empresa, podendo ser acedida por todos os funcionários do departamento da Agência de Viagens, com grandes benefícios, quer em termos de gestão, quer em termos funcionais, permitindo a partilha de informação interna melhorando assim a comunicação entre os vários intervenientes. A possibilidade de aceder à base de dados através da intranet permite o acompanhamento permanente do desempenho da unidade de negócio, facilitando o apoio à gestão, em todos os níveis decisórios. Desta forma, os gestores poderão verificar o efeito das suas iniciativas na consecução dos objectivos estratégicos.A nova visão do agente de viagens como consultor de viagens coloca novos desafios ao seu posicionamento no mercado. As agências de viagens necessitam de uma política de inovação, conhecimento e tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) que lhes permitam possuir vantagem competitiva. Esta dissertação aborda o Balanced Scorecard, este método foi utilizado por apresentar um conjunto de perspectivas que permite acompanhar o desempenho de uma empresa prestadora de serviços de turismo, nomeadamente do departamento de incoming – individuais de uma Agência de Viagens, de modo a apoiar e melhorar o processo de gestão da mesma. O Balanced Scorecard visa traduzir a estratégia da empresa em objectivos e medidas dentro de quatro perspectivas: financeira, clientes, processos internos e aprendizagem e crescimento. A implementação deste método facilitou os processos de análise reduzindo a informação necessária para a tomada de decisão a um número de indicadores que traduzem o negócio do departamento. Inclui-se neste estudo a modelação do negócio do departamento de “incoming – individuais” de modo a representar as actividades principais sobre as quais, o departamento se baseia e funciona. Pretendeu-se distinguir quais as actividades e recursos envolvidos na concretização dos objectivos tendo em atenção a sequência das actividades, os serviços prestados e as fontes de informação utilizadas. Esta dissertação descreve ainda a utilização de um sistema de informação baseado numa Intranet, que é o meio ideal para comunicar toda a informação relevante da empresa, podendo ser acedida por todos os funcionários do departamento da Agência de Viagens, com grandes benefícios, quer em termos de gestão, quer em termos funcionais, permitindo a partilha de informação interna melhorando assim a comunicação entre os vários intervenientes. A possibilidade de aceder à base de dados através da intranet permite o acompanhamento permanente do desempenho da unidade de negócio, facilitando o apoio à gestão, em todos os níveis decisórios. Desta forma, os gestores poderão verificar o efeito das suas iniciativas na consecução dos objectivos estratégicos.A intranet permitiu construir uma nova cultura dentro da organização, uma cultura fundamentada na troca de informação e colaboração, sendo o elo de ligação entre as diversas fontes de informação.

Caracterização, simulação (à escala) e modelação do escoamento em canais artificiais: aplicação a caso de estudo

Os escoamentos no interior de zonas urbanas, apresentam grande heterogeneidade, pelo que a sua caracterização, requer uma formulação que incorpore explicitamente essa variabilidade espacial. A caracterização, simulação (à escala) e modelação do escoamento em canais artificiais e a aplicação a um caso de estudo, no Laboratório de Hidráulica da UMa, representa o cerne desta dissertação. Os objetivos principais desta dissertação são: a caracterização e desenvolvimento de ferramentas de simulação do comportamento do escoamento em canais artificiais, no caso de uma variação súbita dos caudais afluentes, mecanismos de prevenção de cheia; o desenvolvimento de um modelo de simulação hidrodinâmico, considerando os escoamentos variáveis em superfície livre no caso de situações de cheia, na simulação entre as condições variáveis das afluências, das condições hidromorfológicas do canal e da instalação e operação dos sistemas e regulação dos escoamentos; e ainda a análise da viabilidade da simulação (modelo) na gestão e prevenção de cheias em canais artificiais. Numa primeira instância, procede-se à recolha de toda a informação bibliográfica disponível. Com recurso aos modelos digitais do terreno e ao programa ArcGis, é efetuada toda uma exaustiva caracterização da bacia hidrográfica, relativa ao caso de estudo (canal artificial), a partir da qual foi possível obter os dados inerentes às características geométricas, características de relevo e características de drenagem. Segue-se a análise da precipitação com recurso a folhas de cálculo e dados fornecidos pelas instituições pertinentes, de forma a obter valores de precipitação média diária e anual para aplicação de fórmulas, tanto para calcular valores de tempo de concentração, bem como caudais. O próximo passo é selecionar os troços relevantes do canal em estudo e com recurso ao equipamento disponível no Laboratório de Hidráulica da UMa, à folha de cálculo programada e ao programa HEC-RAS procede-se à simulação/modelação/análise desses troços, comparando o resultado/comportamento simulado, com o expectável e entre os vários métodos. Por fim, são expostas as conclusões, bem como algumas considerações finais e uma listagem de objetivos a manter ou alcançar nos próximos anos, onde se incluem, ações prioritárias e recomendações visando, não só melhorar o processo de caracterização do escoamento em canais artificiais, bem como simplificar a prevenção e gestão de cheias.

Estratégias para a organização da pesquisa em cana-de-açúcar: uma análise de governança em sistemas de inovação

PEDRO, Edilson da Silva. Estratégias para a organização da pesquisa em cana-de-açúcar: uma análise de governança em sistemas de inovação. 2008. 226f. Tese (Doutorado em Política Científica e Tecnológica) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 2008.

Sistemas interativos musicais aplicados à percussão mediada

CAMPOS, Cleber da Silveira ; MANZOLLI,Jônatas. Sistemas Interativos Musicais aplicados à percussão mediada. In: CONGRESSO DA ASSOCIAÇAO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA E POS-GRADUAÇAO EM MUSICA (ANPPOM), 20.,2010, Florianópolis. Anais... Florianópolis: ANPPOM, 2010.

Construção das capacidades organizacionais de tecnologia da informação no contexto dos sistemas institucionais integrados de gestão da UFRN

The IT capability is a organizational ability to perform activities of this role more effectively and an important mechanism in creating value. Its building process (stages of creation and development) occurs through management initiatives for improvement in the performance of their activities, using human resources and IT assets complementary responsible for the evolution of their organizational routines. This research deals with the IT capabilities related to SIG (integrated institutional management systems), built and deployed in UFRN (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte) to realization and control of administrative, academic and human resources activities. Since 2009, through cooperative agreements with federal and educational institutions of direct administration, UFRN has supported the implementation of these systems, currently involving more than 30 institutions. The present study aims to understand how IT capabilities, relevant in the design, implementation and dissemination of SIG, were built over time. This is a single case study of qualitative and longitudinal nature, performed by capturing, coding and analysis from secondary data and from semi-structured interviews conducted primarily with members of Superintenência de Informática, organizational unit responsible for SIG systems in UFRN. As a result, the technical, of internal relationship and external cooperation capabilities were identified as relevant in the successful trajectory of SIG systems, which have evolved in different ways. The technical capacity, initiated in 2004, toured the stages of creation and development until it reached the stage of stability in 2013, due to technological limits. Regarding the internal relationship capability, begun in 2006, it toured the stages of creation and development, having extended its scope of activities in 2009, being in development since then. Unlike the standard life cycle observed in the literature, the external cooperation capability was initiated by an intensity of initiatives and developments in the routines in 2009, which were decreasing to cease in 2013 in order to stabilize the technological infrastructure already created for cooperative institutions. It was still identified the start of cooperation in 2009 as an important event selection, responsible for changing or creating trajectories of evolution in all three capacities. The most frequent improvements initiatives were of organizational nature and the internal planning activity has been transformed over the routines of the three capabilities. Important resources and complementary assets have been identified as important for the realization of initiatives, such as human resources technical knowledge to the technical capabilities and external cooperation, and business knowledge, for all of them, as well as IT assets: the iproject application for control of development processes, and the document repository wiki. All these resources and complementary assets grew along the capacities, demonstrating its strategic value to SINFO/UFRN

Impactos da adoção de sistemas de informação no judiciário: pesquisa com usuários do sistema processual virtual em um juizado especial federal

The Information Technology (IT) is increasing his applicability to business, both private and public companies. It is necessary the adequate use of the new technologies and get cooperation and technology acceptance of the system. People tend to resist to the changes, contributing so that the technology is rejected or even it is not recognized as promoting of the changes. This study is relevant and aim to evaluate the impacts of new technologies, considering their users as fundamental factors in the change process. The survey analyzed the advantages and the barriers of the system use in three federal special judicial of Rio Grande do Norte, with data collected in May of 2007, through the application of questionnaires to thirty eight users of the virtual system CRETA. The users' perception was evaluated, under the optics of five variables: efficiency, image, agility, ease of use and quality. Starting from the obtained results, it was evidenced that the implementation of the system felt accordingly the expected and it reached the objectives intended that were: the velocity and efficiency in the path of the lawsuits, larger productivity, resulting in a better quality of the final work introduced to the citizen and proportionate an improvement in the organizational image of the judiciary power

Desenvolvimento de sistemas embarcados para redes de sensores e atuadores sem fio aplicadas em unidades de elevação de petróleo do tipo Plunger-Lift

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) methods applied to the lifting of oil present as an area with growing demand technical and scientific in view of the optimizations that can be carried forward with existing processes. This dissertation has as main objective to present the development of embedded systems dedicated to a wireless sensor network based on IEEE 802.15.4, which applies the ZigBee protocol, between sensors, actuators and the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), aiming to solve the present problems in the deployment and maintenance of the physical communication of current elevation oil units based on the method Plunger-Lift. Embedded systems developed for this application will be responsible for acquiring information from sensors and control actuators of the devices present at the well, and also, using the Modbus protocol to make this network becomes transparent to the PLC responsible for controlling the production and delivery information for supervisory SISAL

Influência da adição de cinza do bagaço de cana calcinada em sistemas de pastas para cimentação de poços petrolíferos

Cementing operation is one of the most important stages in the oil well drilling processes and has main function to form hydraulic seal between the various permeable zones traversed by the well. However, several problems may occur with the cement sheath, either during primary cementing or during the well production period. Cements low resistance can cause fissures in the cement sheath and compromise the mechanical integrity of the annular, resulting in contamination of groundwater and producing zones. Several researches show that biomass ash, in particular, those generated by the sugarcane industry have pozzolanic activity and can be added in the composition of the cementing slurries in diverse applications, providing improvements in mechanical properties, revenue and cement durability. Due to the importance of a low cost additive that increases the mechanical properties in a well cementing operations, this study aimed to potentiate the use of sugarcane bagasse ash as pozzolanic material, evaluate the mechanisms of action of this one on cement pastes properties and apply this material in systems slurries aimed to cementing a well with 800 m depth and geothermal gradient of 1.7 °F/100 ft, as much primary cementing operations as squeeze. To do this, the ash beneficiation methods were realized through the processes of grinding, sifting and reburning (calcination) and then characterization by X-ray fluorescence, XRD, TG / DTG, specific surface area, particle size distribution by laser diffraction and mass specific. Moreover, the ash pozzolanic activity added to the cement at concentrations of 0%, 20% and 40% BWOC was evaluated by pozzolanic activity index with lime and with Portland cement. The evaluation of the pozzolanic activity by XRD, TG / DTG and compressive strength confirmed the ash reactivity and indicated that the addition of 20% in the composition of cement slurries produces improvement 34% in the mechanical properties of the slurry cured. Cement slurries properties evaluated by rheological measurements, fluid loss, free fluid, slurry sedimentation, thickening time and sonic strength (UCA) were satisfactory and showed the viability of using the sugarcane ash in cement slurries composition for well cementing

Sistemas de informação geográfica e análise espacial de dados como ferramentas para determinação de agregação espacial de doenças: a hanseníase como modelo

This work demonstrates the importance of using tools used in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial data analysis (SDA) for the study of infectious diseases. Analysis methods were used to describe more fully the spatial distribution of a particular disease by incorporating the geographical element in the analysis. In Chapter 1, we report the historical evolution of these techniques in the field of human health and use Hansen s disease (leprosy) in Rio Grande do Norte as an example. In Chapter 2, we introduced a few basic theoretical concepts on the methodology and classified the types of spatial data commonly treated. Chapters 3 and 4 defined and demonstrated the use of the two most important techniques for analysis of health data, which are data point processes and data area. We modelled the case distribution of Hansen s disease in the city of Mossoró - RN. In the analysis, we used R scripts and made available routines and analitical procedures developed by the author. This approach can be easily used by researchers in several areas. As practical results, major risk areas in Mossoró leprosy were detected, and its association with the socioeconomic profile of the population at risk was found. Moreover, it is clearly shown that his approach could be of great help to be used continuously in data analysis and processing, allowing the development of new strategies to work might increase the use of such techniques in data analysis in health care

Índice de floculação e agregação de um latossolo vermelho sob dois sistemas de colheita da cana-de-açúcar

The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil physics and chemical attributes of Rhodic Ferralsol, in sugarcane systems harvest compared with soil forest. The treatments were consisted by native forest, manual and mechanized sugarcane harvesting. The soil was sampled at 0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m soil depths. The soil organic matter, pH and PCZ values, flocculation degree and soil aggregation were evaluated in each soil sample. The statistics analysis was carried in a split-plot completely randomized design with five replications, exception for the soil aggregation,, with six replications The soil under MN, the soil organic matter and aggregates percentage (7.93 mm class) were higher. The higher mean weigh diameter aggregates was observed at 0-0.20 soil depth, in MN.

Sistema de detecção e isolamento de falhas em sistemas dinâmicos baseado em identificação paramétrica

The present research aims at contributing to the area of detection and diagnosis of failure through the proposal of a new system architecture of detection and isolation of failures (FDI, Fault Detection and Isolation). The proposed architecture presents innovations related to the way the physical values monitored are linked to the FDI system and, as a consequence, the way the failures are detected, isolated and classified. A search for mathematical tools able to satisfy the objectives of the proposed architecture has pointed at the use of the Kalman Filter and its derivatives EKF (Extended Kalman Filter) and UKF (Unscented Kalman Filter). The use of the first one is efficient when the monitored process presents a linear relation among its physical values to be monitored and its out-put. The other two are proficient in case this dynamics is no-linear. After that, a short comparative of features and abilities in the context of failure detection concludes that the UFK system is a better alternative than the EKF one to compose the architecture of the FDI system proposed in case of processes of no-linear dynamics. The results shown in the end of the research refer to the linear and no-linear industrial processes. The efficiency of the proposed architecture may be observed since it has been applied to simulated and real processes. To conclude, the contributions of this thesis are found in the end of the text

Supervisório Inteligente de Processos na Idústria do Petróleo e Gás :Aplicação em uma Coluna de Destilação Simulada Integrada a Instrumentação Real

The need to implement a software architecture that promotes the development of a SCADA supervisory system for monitoring industrial processes simulated with the flexibility of adding intelligent modules and devices such as CLP, according to the specifications of the problem, it was the motivation for this work. In the present study, we developed an intelligent supervisory system on a simulation of a distillation column modeled with Unisim. Furthermore, OLE Automation was used as communication between the supervisory and simulation software, which, with the use of the database, promoted an architecture both scalable and easy to maintain. Moreover, intelligent modules have been developed for preprocessing, data characteristics extraction, and variables inference. These modules were fundamentally based on the Encog software

Sistema híbrido para detecção e diagnóstico de falhas em sistemas dinâmicos

The industries are getting more and more rigorous, when security is in question, no matter is to avoid financial damages due to accidents and low productivity, or when it s related to the environment protection. It was thinking about great world accidents around the world involving aircrafts and industrial process (nuclear, petrochemical and so on) that we decided to invest in systems that could detect fault and diagnosis (FDD) them. The FDD systems can avoid eventual fault helping man on the maintenance and exchange of defective equipments. Nowadays, the issues that involve detection, isolation, diagnose and the controlling of tolerance fault are gathering strength in the academic and industrial environment. It is based on this fact, in this work, we discuss the importance of techniques that can assist in the development of systems for Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) and propose a hybrid method for FDD in dynamic systems. We present a brief history to contextualize the techniques used in working environments. The detection of fault in the proposed system is based on state observers in conjunction with other statistical techniques. The principal idea is to use the observer himself, in addition to serving as an analytical redundancy, in allowing the creation of a residue. This residue is used in FDD. A signature database assists in the identification of system faults, which based on the signatures derived from trend analysis of the residue signal and its difference, performs the classification of the faults based purely on a decision tree. This FDD system is tested and validated in two plants: a simulated plant with coupled tanks and didactic plant with industrial instrumentation. All collected results of those tests will be discussed

Contribuições aos Processos de Clustering com Base em Métricas não-Euclidianas

In this work we present a new clustering method that groups up points of a data set in classes. The method is based in a algorithm to link auxiliary clusters that are obtained using traditional vector quantization techniques. It is described some approaches during the development of the work that are based in measures of distances or dissimilarities (divergence) between the auxiliary clusters. This new method uses only two a priori information, the number of auxiliary clusters Na and a threshold distance dt that will be used to decide about the linkage or not of the auxiliary clusters. The number os classes could be automatically found by the method, that do it based in the chosen threshold distance dt, or it is given as additional information to help in the choice of the correct threshold. Some analysis are made and the results are compared with traditional clustering methods. In this work different dissimilarities metrics are analyzed and a new one is proposed based on the concept of negentropy. Besides grouping points of a set in classes, it is proposed a method to statistical modeling the classes aiming to obtain a expression to the probability of a point to belong to one of the classes. Experiments with several values of Na e dt are made in tests sets and the results are analyzed aiming to study the robustness of the method and to consider heuristics to the choice of the correct threshold. During this work it is explored the aspects of information theory applied to the calculation of the divergences. It will be explored specifically the different measures of information and divergence using the Rényi entropy. The results using the different metrics are compared and commented. The work also has appendix where are exposed real applications using the proposed method

Eosi: um modelo para desenvolvimento de sistemas embarcados tolerantes a falhas

The semiconductor technologies evolutions leads devices to be developed with higher processing capability. Thus, those components have been used widely in more fields. Many industrial environment such as: oils, mines, automotives and hospitals are frequently using those devices on theirs process. Those industries activities are direct related to environment and health safe. So, it is quite important that those systems have extra safe features yield more reliability, safe and availability. The reference model eOSI that will be presented by this work is aimed to allow the development of systems under a new view perspective which can improve and make simpler the choice of strategies for fault tolerant. As a way to validate the model na architecture FPGA-based was developed.