Women of the future : gender, technology, and cyborgs in Frank Herbert’s dune

Cette thèse défend les mérites d’une lecture cyborgienne de l’oeuvre de science-fiction de Frank Herbert, Dune, où la vision particulière des sciences et technologies nous permet d’interpréter plusieurs personnages en tant que réitération Nouvelle Vague du cyborg. Publié en 1965, Dune introduit des personnages féminins atypiques pour cette époque compte tenu de leurs attributs tels qu’une capacité intellectuelle accrue, une imposante puissance de combat et une immunité manifeste contre la faiblesse émotionnelle. Cependant, le roman reste ambivalent en ce qui concerne ces femmes : en dépit de leurs qualités admirables, elles sont d’autre part caractérisées par des stéréotypes régressifs, exposants une sexualité instinctive, qui les confinent tout au mieux aux rôles de mère, maitresse ou épouse. Finalement, dans le roman, elles finissent par jouer le rôle du méchant. Cette caractérisation se rapproche beaucoup de celle du cyborg femelle qui est d’usage courant dans les productions de science fiction pour le grand public des décennies plus récentes. Par conséquent, cette thèse défend qu’une lecture cyborgienne de Dune complète et accroisse une analyse sexospécifique, car cette approche comporte une théorisation essentielle des réactions à l’égard de la technologie qui, selon Evans, sont entretissées dans la réaction patriarcale de ce roman à l’égard des femmes. Bien que ces créatures fictives ne soient pas encore communes à l’époque de la rédaction de Dune, Jessica et certains autres personnages du roman peuvent néanmoins être considérés comme exemples primitifs des cyborgs, parce qu’ils incarnent la science et la technologie de leur culture et qu’ils possèdent d’autres éléments typiques du cyborg. L’hypothèse propose que la représentation des femmes dans Dune ne découle pas seulement de l’attrait pour le chauvinisme ou la misogynie, mais qu’elle est en fait grandement influencée par la peur de la technologie qui est transposée sur la femme comme c’est couramment le cas dans la littérature cyborg subséquente. Ainsi, ce roman annonce le futur sous-genre cyborg de la science-fiction.

Monetarismo y capitalismo periférico: el caso de Chile

Esta selección de textos pretende servir a quienes estén interesados en el estudio del uso que se le da y del papel que fuego la ciencia social contemporánea en sociedades de capitalismo periférico. Nos centraremos en el rol que cumple la ciencia económica que importamos desde la metrópoli -específicamente la que viene de la Universidad de Chicago, EE.UU.- , así como de las recomendaciones de política económica que se derivan de ella. En el primer trabajo se presenta una introducción crítica a la obra de Milton Friedman y, en general, al “pensamiento económico” de la “Escuela de Chicago”. Además,se evalúa, la forma en que se expandió en Chile tal “escuela” y la forma en que los “Chicago Boys” elaboraron la política económica bajo el régimen de Pino- chet. (2) Se plantean en consecuencia los problemas de política económica e imperialismo (y la interrelación entre grupos dominantes y ciencia económica). Los demás textos son lo más valioso de esta recopilación. El primero es una crítica de André Gunder Frank (3) a la enseñanza de la ciencia económica en la Universidad de Chicago y a la aplicación de sus recomendaciones de política económica a Chile, en carta dirigida a Arnold Harberger (4). Luego se reproduce una charla dictada por Milton Friedman (5) durante su visita a Chile en 1975, así como sus respuestas a preguntas de los asistentes. Tercero: la crítica de un grupo de estudiantes de la Universidad de Chicago a Milton Friedman, así como -cuarto- la respuesta de éste a aquellos. Quinto: un artículo de Ifichel Chossudowsky titulado “Economía de Chicago a la Chilena.” A continuación se inserta la segunda carta abierta de A.G. Frank a Harberger (incluyendo esta vez a Friedman), titulada “Genocidio Económico en Chile”. Para terminar, se incluye un artículo de Orlando Letelier (6) en el que toca los temas centrales: Imperialismo, Escuela de Chicago y Política Económica en Chile.

Frank-Michael Kuhlemann: Modernisierung und Disziplinierung. Sozialgeschichte des preußischen Volksschulwesens 1794-1872. (Kritische Studien zur Geschichtswissenschaft. Bd. 96.) Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1992 [Rezension]

Rezension von: Frank-Michael Kuhlemann: Modernisierung und Disziplinierung. Sozialgeschichte des preußischen Volksschulwesens 1794-1872. (Kritische Studien zur Geschichtswissenschaft. Bd. 96.) Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1992. 468 S.

A compilation of global bio-optical in situ data for ocean-colour satellite applications

A compiled set of in situ data is important to evaluate the quality of ocean-colour satellite-data records. Here we describe the data compiled for the validation of the ocean-colour products from the ESA Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI). The data were acquired from several sources (MOBY, BOUSSOLE, AERONET-OC, SeaBASS, NOMAD, MERMAID, AMT, ICES, HOT, GeP&CO), span between 1997 and 2012, and have a global distribution. Observations of the following variables were compiled: spectral remote-sensing reflectances, concentrations of chlorophyll a, spectral inherent optical properties and spectral diffuse attenuation coefficients. The data were from multi-project archives acquired via the open internet services or from individual projects, acquired directly from data providers. Methodologies were implemented for homogenisation, quality control and merging of all data. No changes were made to the original data, other than averaging of observations that were close in time and space, elimination of some points after quality control and conversion to a standard format. The final result is a merged table designed for validation of satellite-derived ocean-colour products and available in text format. Metadata of each in situ measurement (original source, cruise or experiment, principal investigator) were preserved throughout the work and made available in the final table. Using all the data in a validation exercise increases the number of matchups and enhances the representativeness of different marine regimes. By making available the metadata, it is also possible to analyse each set of data separately. The compiled data are available at doi: 10.1594/PANGAEA.854832 (Valente et al., 2015).

Roland Anhorn / Frank Bettinger / Cornelis Horlacher / Kerstin Rathgeb (Hrsg.): Kritik der Sozialen Arbeit – kritische Soziale Arbeit. Wiesbaden: Springer VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2012 (480 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: Roland Anhorn / Frank Bettinger / Cornelis Horlacher / Kerstin Rathgeb (Hrsg.): Kritik der Sozialen Arbeit – kritische Soziale Arbeit. Wiesbaden: Springer VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2012 (480 S.; ISBN 978-3-531-17917-9)

Stephen Frank: E-Learning und Kompetenzentwicklung. Ein unterrichtsorientiertes didaktisches Modell. Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 2012 (220 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: Stephen Frank: E-Learning und Kompetenzentwicklung. Ein unterrichtsorientiertes didaktisches Modell. Bad Heilbrunn: Klinkhardt 2012 (220 S.; ISBN 978-3-7815-1861-2)

Melhoria da Atenção aos Usuários com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e/ou Diabetes Mellitus na UBS Frank Pais, Niterói/RJ

LEGON, Pedro Bring. Melhoria da atenção aos usuários com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e/ou Diabetes Mellitus na ESF Frank Pais, Niterói/RJ. 2015. 86f.Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2015. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido como parte integrante da Especialização em Saúde da Família. Após minha inserção na UBS Frank Pais, comunidade Cavalão, equipe 019, em Niterói/RJ, foi realizada a análise situacional da unidade, com o objetivo de conhecer as principais dificuldades apresentadas, com o diagnóstico realizado foi elaborado um projeto de intervenção com foco em uma ação programática, proposta pelo curso. A ação programática escolhida para intervenção foi a relacionada ao programa de atenção ao usuário diabético e hipertenso, pois não tinham uma boa organização, diante disso, a equipe elaborou um cronograma para realizar as diferentes ações planejadas. A intervenção foi desenvolvida no período de 12 semanas, de fevereiro a maio de 2015, segundo o cronograma traçado com a participação ativa de todos os membros da equipe e com a realização das ações nos 4 eixos solicitados pelo curso que sendo a Organização e Gestão do Serviço; Monitoramento e Avaliação; Engajamento Público e Qualificação da Prática Clínica. A metodologia utilizada foi o desenvolvimento das diferentes ações de educação em saúde com os profissionais da unidade e com os usuários, o preenchimento das fichas de atendimento específicas (fichas-espelho) e o acompanhamento da intervenção através de planilhas eletrônicas de coleta de dados. Durante a intervenção alcançamos um índice de cobertura relacionado aos usuários hipertensos de 67,1% representado por uma cifra de 116 para um total de 173, além de obter um índice de cobertura relacionado aos usuários diabético de 100% representado por uma cifra de 83, relacionado ao nossa área de abrangência. A totalidade dos usuários foram acompanhados conforme o padronizado ao protocolo proposto pelo Ministério da Saúde com garantia de cobertura de 100% de quase todos os indicadores de qualidade e busca ativa realizada pelos agentes comunitários de saúde dos usuários faltosos as consultas. A realização da intervenção possibilitou integração e organização do processo de trabalho da equipe, as melhorias no atendimento prestado aos usuárias interessados e o mais importante a integração destas ações à rotina de trabalho da equipe na UBS. O trabalho permanecerá na equipe com a mesma metodologia realizada e vamos transmitir a outra equipe de saúde da família que também atua na UBS, para que reorganizem os processos de trabalho e possam realizar os atendimentos de acordo com os protocolos do Ministério da Saúde. Pode-se concluir que o projeto de intervenção desenvolvido alcançou nosso objetivo de melhorar a atenção a saúde dos usuários hipertensos e diabéticos, na UBS Frank Pais. Palavras-chave: saúde da família; atenção primária à saúde; doença crônica; diabetes mellitus; hipertensão arterial.

Genetic Aspects Of Athletic Performance: The African Runners Phenomenon.

The current dominance of African runners in long-distance running is an intriguing phenomenon that highlights the close relationship between genetics and physical performance. Many factors in the interesting interaction between genotype and phenotype (eg, high cardiorespiratory fitness, higher hemoglobin concentration, good metabolic efficiency, muscle fiber composition, enzyme profile, diet, altitude training, and psychological aspects) have been proposed in the attempt to explain the extraordinary success of these runners. Increasing evidence shows that genetics may be a determining factor in physical and athletic performance. But, could this also be true for African long-distance runners? Based on this question, this brief review proposed the role of genetic factors (mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid, the Y chromosome, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme and the alpha-actinin-3 genes) in the amazing athletic performance observed in African runners, especially the Kenyans and Ethiopians, despite their environmental constraints.

Evaluation Of Different Treatment Methods Against Denture Stomatitis: A Randomized Clinical Study.

The aim of this clinical study was to determine the efficacy of Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) against denture stomatitis (DS). Fifty patients with DS were randomly assigned into 3 groups to receive 2% miconazole, placebo, or 2% U tomentosa gel. DS level was recorded immediately, after 1 week of treatment, and 1 week after treatment. The clinical effectiveness of each treatment was measured using Newton's criteria. Mycologic samples from palatal mucosa and prosthesis were obtained to determinate colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) and fungal identification at each evaluation period. Candida species were identified with HiCrome Candida and API 20C AUX biochemical test. DS severity decreased in all groups (P < .05). A significant reduction in number of CFU/mL after 1 week (P < .05) was observed for all groups and remained after 14 days (P > .05). C albicans was the most prevalent microorganism before treatment, followed by C tropicalis, C glabrata, and C krusei, regardless of the group and time evaluated. U tomentosa gel had the same effect as 2% miconazole gel. U tomentosa gel is an effective topical adjuvant treatment for denture stomatitis.

The Atomic Structure Of A Bare Buffer Layer On Sic(0001) Chemically Resolved.

A chemical-specific photoelectron diffraction structure determination of a carbon rich buffer layer on SiC is reported. In addition to the long-range ripple of this surface, a local buckling in the hexagonal sublattice, which breaks the local range order symmetry, was unraveled.

The Real-life Experience With Cardiovascular Complications In The First Dose Of Fingolimod For Multiple Sclerosis.

Fingolimod is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The drug administration requires special attention to the first dose, since cardiovascular adverse events can be observed during the initial six hours of fingolimod ingestion. The present study consisted of a review of cardiovascular data on 180 patients with MS receiving the first dose of fingolimod. The rate of bradycardia in these patients was higher than that observed in clinical trials with very strict inclusion criteria for patients. There were less than 10% of cases requiring special attention, but no fatal cases. All but one patient continued the treatment after this initial dose. This is the first report on real-life administration of fingolimod to Brazilian patients with MS, and one of the few studies with these characteristics in the world.

Changes In Motor Behavior During Pregnancy In Rats: The Basis For A Possible Animal Model Of Restless Legs Syndrome.

Pregnant women have a 2-3 fold higher probability of developing restless legs syndrome (RLS - sleep-related movement disorders) than general population. This study aims to evaluate the behavior and locomotion of rats during pregnancy in order to verify if part of these animals exhibit some RLS-like features. We used 14 female 80-day-old Wistar rats that weighed between 200 and 250 g. The rats were distributed into control (CTRL) and pregnant (PN) groups. After a baseline evaluation of their behavior and locomotor activity in an open-field environment, the PN group was inducted into pregnancy, and their behavior and locomotor activity were evaluated on days 3, 10 and 19 of pregnancy and in the post-lactation period in parallel with the CTRL group. The serum iron and transferrin levels in the CTRL and PN groups were analyzed in blood collected after euthanasia by decapitation. There were no significant differences in the total ambulation, grooming events, fecal boli or urine pools between the CTRL and PN groups. However, the PN group exhibited fewer rearing events, increased grooming time and reduced immobilization time than the CTRL group (ANOVA, p<0.05). These results suggest that pregnant rats show behavioral and locomotor alterations similar to those observed in animal models of RLS, demonstrating to be a possible animal model of this sleep disorder.

Post Hoc Analysis Of The Patricia Randomized Trial Of The Efficacy Of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (hpv-16)/hpv-18 As04-adjuvanted Vaccine Against Incident And Persistent Infection With Nonvaccine Oncogenic Hpv Types Using An Alternative Multiplex Type-specific Pcr Assay For Hpv Dna.

The efficacy of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16)/HPV-18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine against cervical infections with HPV in the Papilloma Trial against Cancer in Young Adults (PATRICIA) was evaluated using a combination of the broad-spectrum L1-based SPF10 PCR-DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA)/line probe assay (LiPA25) system with type-specific PCRs for HPV-16 and -18. Broad-spectrum PCR assays may underestimate the presence of HPV genotypes present at relatively low concentrations in multiple infections, due to competition between genotypes. Therefore, samples were retrospectively reanalyzed using a testing algorithm incorporating the SPF10 PCR-DEIA/LiPA25 plus a novel E6-based multiplex type-specific PCR and reverse hybridization assay (MPTS12 RHA), which permits detection of a panel of nine oncogenic HPV genotypes (types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58, and 59). For the vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18, there was no major impact on estimates of vaccine efficacy (VE) for incident or 6-month or 12-month persistent infections when the MPTS12 RHA was included in the testing algorithm versus estimates with the protocol-specified algorithm. However, the alternative testing algorithm showed greater sensitivity than the protocol-specified algorithm for detection of some nonvaccine oncogenic HPV types. More cases were gained in the control group than in the vaccine group, leading to higher point estimates of VE for 6-month and 12-month persistent infections for the nonvaccine oncogenic types included in the MPTS12 RHA assay (types 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58, and 59). This post hoc analysis indicates that the per-protocol testing algorithm used in PATRICIA underestimated the VE against some nonvaccine oncogenic HPV types and that the choice of the HPV DNA testing methodology is important for the evaluation of VE in clinical trials. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00122681.).

[consensus Of The Brazilian Society Of Rheumatology For The Diagnosis, Management And Treatment Of Lupus Nephritis].

To develop recommendations for the diagnosis, management and treatment of lupus nephritis in Brazil. Extensive literature review with a selection of papers based on the strength of scientific evidence and opinion of the Commission on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus members, Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. 1) Renal biopsy should be performed whenever possible and if this procedure is indicated; and, when the procedure is not possible, the treatment should be guided with the inference of histologic class. 2) Ideally, measures and precautions should be implemented before starting treatment, with emphasis on attention to the risk of infection. 3) Risks and benefits of treatment should be shared with the patient and his/her family. 4) The use of hydroxychloroquine (preferably) or chloroquine diphosphate is recommended for all patients (unless contraindicated) during induction and maintenance phases. 5) The evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment should be made with objective criteria of response (complete remission/partial remission/refractoriness). 6) ACE inhibitors and/or ARBs are recommended as antiproteinuric agents for all patients (unless contraindicated). 7) The identification of clinical and/or laboratory signs suggestive of proliferative or membranous glomerulonephritis should indicate an immediate implementation of specific therapy, including steroids and an immunosuppressive agent, even though histological confirmation is not possible. 8) Immunosuppressives must be used during at least 36 months, but these medications can be kept for longer periods. Its discontinuation should only be done when the patient achieve and maintain a sustained and complete remission. 9) Lupus nephritis should be considered as refractory when a full or partial remission is not achieved after 12 months of an appropriate treatment, when a new renal biopsy should be considered to assist in identifying the cause of refractoriness and in the therapeutic decision.