Checklist of health promotion environments at worksites (CHEW): Development and measurement characteristics

Purpose. Health promotion policy frameworks, recent theorizing, and research all emphasize understanding and mobilizing environmental influences to change particular health-related behaviors in specific settings. The workplace is a key environmental setting. The Checklist of Health Promotion Environments at Worksites (CHEW) was designed as a direct observation instrument to assess characteristics of worksite environments that are known to influence health-related behaviors. Methods. The CHEW is a 112-item checklist of workplace environment features hypothesized to be associated, both positively and negatively, with physical activity, healthy eating, alcohol consumption, and smoking. The three environmental domains assessed are (1) physical characteristics of the worksite, (2) features of the information environment, and (3) characteristics of the immediate neighborhood around the workplace. The conceptual rationale and development studies for the CHEW are described, and data from observational studies of 20 worksites are reported. Results. The data on CHEW-derived environmental attributes showed generally good reliability and identified meaningful sets of variables that plausibly may influence health-related behaviors. With the exception of one information environment attribute, intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.80 to 1.00. Descriptive statistics on selected physical and information environment characteristics indicated that vending machines, showers, bulletin boards, and signs prohibiting smoking were common across worksites. Bicycle racks, visible stairways, and signs related to alcohol consumption, nutrition, and health. promotion were relatively uncommon. Conclusions. These findings illustrate the types of data on environmental attributes that can be derived, their relevance for program planning, and how they can characterize variability across worksites. The CHEW is a promising observational measure that has the potential to assess environmental influences on health behaviors and to evaluate workplace health promotion programs.

Strange bedfellows: Green Hill Fort, archaeology and tourism

Green Hill Fort, Thursday Islalld was constructed between 1891-1893 to defend the Australian colonies against a feared Russian invasion. It retained an operational role until the 1920.'1 and played a minor role in World /t'ar 2. From 1954 to 1993 the site, but not the facilities, was used as a weather station. More recently it has been home ofthe Ton-es Strait Historical Society and Museum Association museum. It is a major attraction during the tourist season and an important local icon. For archaeologists it has sign~ficance as a relatively intact nineteenth-century military installation. Two 'Centenary of Federation' grants have proVided the impetus to undertake conservation and presentation works involving various task -spec~fic, archaeological activities. At the management level archaeologists play the lead role in the project. The project has demonstrated the value oJarchaeology and tourism joining forces. The danger ofa 'theme park 'presentation has been avoided. Technical accuracy and careful site planning has ensured a high degree ofaccuracy is retained. Provided these qualities can be assured then, it is argued, there is an opportunity for archaeology to be a majOl; long-term beneficiary. But to achieve that, the discipline must move from being entrenched in its academic mould and become Jar more receptive to the broader needs ofthe twentyfirst century.

As estatais e as PPPs: o project finance como estrat??gia de garantia de investimentos em infra-estrutura

Este trabalho discute o papel das estatais nas PPPs, de modo a garantir investimentos em infraestrutura pelo financiamento via project finance. Partindo de um contexto de privatiza????es desse setor, que, no Brasil, efetivou-se na d??cada de 1990, buscou-se mostrar como surgiu espa??o para o estabelecimento de PPPs, advindas de novas institui????es resultantes do processo de reforma do Estado. O project finance ?? colocado como uma forma de garantir o financiamento desses investimentos. Sua estrutura financeira, baseada na cria????o de uma pessoa jur??dica para a gest??o do empreendimento, busca dirimir os riscos pela eleva????o do n??mero de participantes e pela securitiza????o de receitas futuras, tornando-as l??quidas em curto prazo. A discuss??o sobre o papel do project finance revela que essa ?? uma estrat??gia vi??vel para a garantia de investimentos por parte das estatais, em parceria com o governo e com outras empresas, que levem ao desenvolvimento socioecon??mico sustent??vel do Pa??s.

O plano plurianual: resultados da mais recente reforma do planejamento e or??amento no Brasil

O artigo visa apresentar o debate acerca das transforma????es oriundas da ??ltima reforma do planejamento e or??amento no Brasil, a qual introduziu o novo desenho do Plano Plurianual (PPA). Inicialmente, os princ??pios do modelo de or??amento por resultados ou desempenho que balizaram a formula????o do novo PPA s??o discutidos. Com base nos planos de gest??o das experi??ncias recentes do Plano e na proposta do pr??ximo PPA (2008-2011), s??o apresentadas as inova????es da configura????o do processo or??ament??rio no pa??s. Por fim, o artigo aborda os avan??os e restri????es da implementa????o do novo desenho do PPA e conclui que, apesar de formalmente institu??dos, os instrumentos do or??amento por resultados n??o atingem a finalidade prec??pua do modelo: melhoria da efetividade e efici??ncia nos gastos p??blicos.

Improving the public management career: report for the ministry of planning, budgeting e management, federal government of Brazil

This report sets out the findings and recommendations of a review of the Public Management Career (EPPGG) undertaken between 5 and 9 January 2009. The purpose of the review was to clarify EPPGG???s role, functions and profile, and to develop proposals for improving its effectiveness and management, taking account of the context within which such improvements would have to be implemented. Specific objectives were to examine a number of human resources management (HRM) aspects of the career in the light of international practice, including recruitment; initial education; professional development; performance evaluation; deployment; mobility and networking.

Estudo da resistência não drenada de solo de baixa consistência por meio de ensaios de campo e laboratório

A variabilidade natural dos solos torna complexo o conhecimento de suas propriedades na elaboração de projetos geotécnicos, sendo a determinação da resistência ao cisalhamento não drenada um parâmetro importante nas análises de estabilidade de solos moles. Os ensaios de laboratório de cone e palheta, não convencionais, os ensaios de campo de palheta e piezocone e os ensaios de compressão simples e triaxial não adensado e não drenado foram utilizados para mensurar a resistência não drenada de uma camada de argila marinha mole localizada na planície costeira central brasileira. Os ensaios de laboratório foram realizados em amostras indeformadas coletadas com amostradores de pistão estacionário em vertical próxima à realização dos ensaios de campo. O sítio foi investigado preliminarmente por sondagens de simples reconhecimento, sendo apresentado o perfil estratigráfico por meio de modelagem computacional. Foram também realizados ensaios para caracterização física (análise granulométrica, teor de umidade, limites de liquidez e plasticidade, densidade real dos grãos) e mineralógica (difração de raios X), e ensaios de adensamento para obtenção do histórico de tensões e classificação de qualidade das amostras indeformadas. Os valores de resistência não drenada obtidos pelos ensaios de laboratório foram comparados ao perfil contínuo de resistência determinado empiricamente pelo ensaio de piezocone, com fator de cone Nkt calibrado pelo ensaio de palheta de campo, apresentando boa concordância, com a variabilidade natural do solo influenciando de forma preponderante a qualidade das amostras na variação entre os resultados. Os valores de resistência obtidos pelos ensaios de laboratório de cone e palheta foram comparados entre si, apresentando boa compatibilidade. Ambos, quando comparados ao ensaio de palheta de campo, não apresentaram boa concordância. Os resultados de resistência obtidos pelos ensaios de compressão simples e triaxial apresentaram boa compatibilidade com os resultados do ensaio de laboratório de cone, o que não ocorreu com os resultados do ensaio de laboratório de palheta. Na comparação entre a resistência normalizada pela tensão de sobreadensamento obtida pelos diversos métodos e algumas correlações empíricas da literatura internacional, foi observado para as amostras de solo com índice de plasticidade superior a 60% boa concordância com as correlações de Mesri (1975) e Jamiolkowski et al (1985). Os ensaios não convencionais apresentaram boa confiabilidade, que aliado a simplicidade e agilidade de execução, justificam a difusão destes na prática da investigação geotécnica brasileira como método alternativo para complementar e dar suporte às estimativas de resistência não drenada de solos moles.

The influence of nationalism in Mercosur and in South America: can the regional integration project survive?

The article discusses if nationalism is getting in the way of regional integration through a Brazilian prism due to Brazil’s pivotal role in regional integration in Mercosur and South America.

A Digital Game Development Education Project

The success of the digital game industry is spawning several undergraduate degrees aiming at the training of digital game developers. Building adequate new courses curricula is not a trivial task and demands a profound analysis of the scientific areas to introduce as well as the dependencies throughout the entire degree. Another important aspect of every academic educational plan are the satellite projects that promote entrepreneurship and provide practical professional experiences to students. This paper presents the main guidelines adopted in the creation of the first digital game development undergraduate degree created in Portugal.

The quest for a sustainable product: An environmental study of tyre recyclates

The main objective of the present study is to assess the environmental advantages of substituting aluminium for a polymer composite in the manufacture of a structural product (a frame to be used as a support for solar panels). The composite was made of polypropylene and a recycled tyres’ rubber granulate. Analysis of different composite formulations was performed, to assess the variation of the environmental impact with the percentage of rubber granulate incorporation. The results demonstrate that the decision on which of the two systems (aluminium or composite) has the best life cycle performance is strongly dependent on the End-of Life (EoL) stage of the composite frame. When the EoL is deposition in a landfill, the aluminium frame performs globally better than its composite counterpart. However, when it is incineration with energy recovery or recycling, the composite frame is environmentally preferable. The raw material production stage was found to be responsible for most of the impacts in the two frame systems. In that context, it was shown that various benefits can accrue in several environmental impact categories by recycling rubber tyres and using the resulting materials. This is in a significant part also due to the recycling of the steel in the tyres. The present work illustrates how it is possible to minimize the overall environmental impact of consumer products through the adequate selection of their constitutive materials in the design stage. Additionally it demonstrates how an adequate EoL planning can be an important issue when developing a sustainable product, since it can highly influence its overall life cycle performance.