A compreensão de reação química como um sistema complexo a partir da discussão dos erros e dificuldades de aprendizagem de estudantes do ensino médio

The study of chemical reactions is among the most important contents to the understanding of Chemistry discipline in basic education. However, there are still few studies about chemical reactions as a complex system because, generally, this content is presented in textbooks, taught and even researched in a fragmented form. The thesis here presented aims to investigate, identify and characterize the mistakes and learning difficulties of the students about chemical reactions as a complex system, using for that purpose the analysis of the answers of 126 exams of candidates for the bachelor’s degree in Chemistry Teaching on the entrance exam for the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The mistakes and learning difficulties about the parameters ΔG°, Kp, Ea and of the calculation of the amount of substance in a chemical reaction have been identified, as well as the levels of development of the ability to interpret the chemical reaction as a system. The main theoretical source of this study is structured based on the mistakes and learning difficulties (NÚÑEZ, RAMALHO, 2012), of the chemical reactions as complex systems (NÚÑEZ, 1994; RESHETOVA, 1988; SANDERSON, 1968). As methodology, it was prioritized the analysis of the answers to the exams and the interview with the teachers. The results showed typical mistakes in the study of this subject, especially low levels and skill development. No student was able to integrate the different aspects in the systemic understanding of the chemical reaction. From the interviews with Chemistry teachers from High School, it was determined the reasons the teachers assign to those mistakes and learning difficulties. The interviews revealed that the teachers do not work in the perspective of integration of the contents which leads the students to present difficulties and make mistakes related to the content previously mentioned. The study presents a proposal for the organization of the contents of Chemistry discipline for High School as a possibility of a dialectic systemic integration of contents, understanding that this systematic vision, leads to important contributions to the development of the theoretical thinking of the students. We can mention as one of the conclusions of this study, the fact that the non-systemic organization of contents do not favor this kind of thinking in students.

Da arenga ao debate: o aprimoramento da competência argumentativa por estudantes do ensino médio

In order to understand the factors involved in the improvement process of argumentative competence by students of 2nd year of high school, we undertook a qualitative approach research and interventional nature, during which we adopted the conduct of participant observation in a school belonging to the state schools of Rio Grande do Norte, located on the outskirts of the city of Natal. The analyzed corpus consisted in the interim intervention and entails the answers to a semi-structured questionnaire, fourteen opinion articles and three regrados debates, produced by the students, in addition to video recordings of ten sessions and personal notes pertaining to another six, totaling sixteen sessions observed during the school year 2014. As the most important bibliographical references we study skills and reasoning from the perspective of discursive social interactionism. Analyzing the data we loan the principle of categorization, opting for critical-descriptive presentation and were revealed to us, via the classified evidences, that among the factors involved in the study process, it appears with more relevance to set up an effective intellectual community, which meets in constant interaction subjects, which alternate assuming the conditions of speakers and audience. The constitution of this community depends largely on the teaching mediation and is indispensable to the (re)design of the studied competence, in interactions with her the subjects afforded learn and develop their competence, reshaping the limits of their zone of proximal development.

Da arenga ao debate: o aprimoramento da competência argumentativa por estudantes do ensino médio

In order to understand the factors involved in the improvement process of argumentative competence by students of 2nd year of high school, we undertook a qualitative approach research and interventional nature, during which we adopted the conduct of participant observation in a school belonging to the state schools of Rio Grande do Norte, located on the outskirts of the city of Natal. The analyzed corpus consisted in the interim intervention and entails the answers to a semi-structured questionnaire, fourteen opinion articles and three regrados debates, produced by the students, in addition to video recordings of ten sessions and personal notes pertaining to another six, totaling sixteen sessions observed during the school year 2014. As the most important bibliographical references we study skills and reasoning from the perspective of discursive social interactionism. Analyzing the data we loan the principle of categorization, opting for critical-descriptive presentation and were revealed to us, via the classified evidences, that among the factors involved in the study process, it appears with more relevance to set up an effective intellectual community, which meets in constant interaction subjects, which alternate assuming the conditions of speakers and audience. The constitution of this community depends largely on the teaching mediation and is indispensable to the (re)design of the studied competence, in interactions with her the subjects afforded learn and develop their competence, reshaping the limits of their zone of proximal development.

Transição demográfica e a questão educacional: uma abordagem para o ensino médio do Rio Grande do Norte

Due to demographic transition process, the educational public sector politics formers encounter a highly specific demographic situation because, nowadays, despite the demographic transition, population is still growing because of the demographic inertia; however, due to steady decline in fertility, young population tends to decrease in next years. In this way, aiming to make high school widely accessible in the country, the issue of education quality is highlighted as well the importance of the physical structure of schools and their teaching equipments to confirm a favorable or not environment for developing educational processes. In this way, this work aims to relate the enrollment of students as school types with the demand of young people who will be able to attend high school on the Rio Grande do Norte state by the year of 2020, emphasizing teaching unities structural aspects, from a school profiling to the design of three prospective alternatives. So, from INEP's Scholar Census data and IBGE population's projections, this work is composed by four stages: i) literature review about research related subjects; ii) database design and build; iii) school profiling; and, iv) prospective alternatives creation. As results, three alternatives relate potential demand and enrollment using the built profiles and they are: i) “Alternative A” attends PEE's requirements related to demands but do not provide improvements in the school structural aspects; ii) “Alternative B” points into an increase of enrollment offering to the detriment of school's structural conditions which are offered to these students; iii) “Alternative C” propitiates a quantitative enrollment increasing combined with improvements on school's physical structure. These alternatives help to support decision making related to goals and realization of universal access with physical conditions which are necessary to a favorable environment to educational activity development.

Contradições como força de mudança: o processo de formação continuada de professores do ensino médio enquanto potencializador da práxis transformadora à luz da teoria histórico-cultural

The intervention research proposed was based on the Cultural-Historical Theory based on the laws and logic of materialism historical-dialectical. Therefore, we tried to design a research process that involved all as responsible for the process. In the field of continuous teacher's training usually has been found dualistic relationship / paradoxical processes as a result of the adopted training models which are characterized by individualist human processes. The teacher training work sought to overcome this dualism, to promote the unveiling of the contradictions with regard to teaching models. As a hypothesis, we imagined that immersed in this process, teachers recognize such contradictions, and this recognition would make the contradictions become the driving force of change in teaching practice, realizing the teaching-learning-development triad as the basis of praxis. Aiming to develop a process of continuing education to bring results to the professional teachers development looking for answer the following research question: How and what the changes of teachers who participated in the Didactic-Formative Intervention process raised the quality of their teaching practices? In this context, the objective of the research was to develop a process of Didactic-Formative Intervention from the perspective of Cultural-Historical Theory with high school teachers in order to theorize about the changes in pedagogical practices of teachers and learn aspects that transform the essence teaching practice. The research involved two high school teachers of a public school in Uberlândia-MG. The training meetings took place at the school through a collective study group between the years 2013 and 2015. As procedures were used two interconnected aspects: classes observations, and a theoretical and methodological training, both for diagnosis and for the process evaluation, the second aspect has a formative dimension, and a didactic dimension (double meaning) to form didactically the teacher and to elaborate didactic procedures. The collected data were analyzed by observing the assumptions of the method, analysis by units and the processuality. As results teachers showed changes in their teaching practices regarding the organization of the pedagogical work and also centered their design educational actions based on learning and development of the students. The presence of continuous diagnosis during the classes, work with a systems of concepts and their conceptual links, problematization as a teaching method can be pointed as meaningful changes in their praxis. Regarding the training activities that emerged from the analysis of the compiled materials and analyzed throughout the process can be emphasized: forming a collective group of school teachers continuous training, diagnostics, development of practical activities, increase relationships among participants, the choice of scientific material used should have direct relation to the needs of the participants, promoting conditions that enable the emergence of contradictions between the pedagogical practice of teachers and teaching based on the perspective of the Cultural-Historical Theory. This research craved to develop and design a teachers' training processes that increase the quality of teachers life and ways of teaching in the Brazilian public school.

O ensino de química na educação de jovens e adultos do ensino médio no município de Itumbiara-GO

For this study, a research was conducted in order to answer the question "What chemistry teaching has been developed in the Youth and Adult Education (EJA) ?". The research provides an overview of the object to the proposed changes, leading students to live with different realities and investigating the issue of contextualization based on the daily lives of these students related to the subject of chemistry. The methodology focuses ethnographic research of the case study, in which a case is studied in depth using the participant observation. In the survey data a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach was used. The work involved 6 schools that offer adult education high school; 6 directors of these schools; 6 coordinators who work in adult education; 6 Chemistry teachers and 123 students of the EJA, level high school, enrolled in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th periods. The first stage of the research consisted of questionnaires in schools where everyone involved responded closed and open questions applied to each specific group. In the second stage two schools were selected in order to conduct a deeper knowledge of adult education through practical activities of Chemistry and subsequent interview conducted in groups with students. Three teachers were also interviewed to enable a deepening of issues relating to EJA and Chemistry Teaching. The interviews were analyzed by the technique of Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD). The main issues addressed in the questionnaires and interviews were on the school structure, reasons that lead students to drop out or remained in adult education and those who make the stay, the view of those involved of the importance of chemistry discipline for students of EJA and how this should be offered. It is necessary that we need to promote changes in the chemistry class and its activities, respecting the experiences and experience already gained by the student during his life story. Another factor to be highlighted is the need for ongoing training of teachers working in adult education. Note that your continued education is given more by the experience and the ways in which they try to overcome adverse situations. The Chemistry subject taught is not agree with the principles of EJA and practiced curriculum is just an adaptation or content reduction from the regular curriculum. The improvement in chemistry teaching of EJA will take place through a dialogue between those involved in the process, clearer educational policies and willingness to implement change. Thus the teaching of chemistry contribute to the students of the EJA are actually scientifically literate and integrated into society.

As relações de poder na educação física do ensino médio

O trabalho visa apresentar as discussoes de gênero que surgiram durante a prática de esportes de rede, raquete e rebatida durante as intervençoes nas aulas de Educaçao Física. As discussoes foram realizadas ao final de 11 aulas com turmas do ensino médio do IFSULDEMINAS. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é averiguar as relaçoes de poder nas aulas de educaçao física a partir da intervençao pedagógica com esportes de rede, raquete e rebatida

As relações de poder na educação física do ensino médio

O trabalho visa apresentar as discussoes de gênero que surgiram durante a prática de esportes de rede, raquete e rebatida durante as intervençoes nas aulas de Educaçao Física. As discussoes foram realizadas ao final de 11 aulas com turmas do ensino médio do IFSULDEMINAS. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é averiguar as relaçoes de poder nas aulas de educaçao física a partir da intervençao pedagógica com esportes de rede, raquete e rebatida

As relações de poder na educação física do ensino médio

O trabalho visa apresentar as discussoes de gênero que surgiram durante a prática de esportes de rede, raquete e rebatida durante as intervençoes nas aulas de Educaçao Física. As discussoes foram realizadas ao final de 11 aulas com turmas do ensino médio do IFSULDEMINAS. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é averiguar as relaçoes de poder nas aulas de educaçao física a partir da intervençao pedagógica com esportes de rede, raquete e rebatida

Histórias em quadrinhos e arte-educação: sistemas abertos e dialógicos como inovação para o aprendizado de artes no ensino médio

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul para a obtenção do título de mestre em comunicação

DISSERTAÇÃO - Cinema na Educação: uma forma inovativa para compreender literatura brasileira no ensino médio

Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Comunicação.

Relações entre mecanismos de coordenação e controle com desempenho organizacional: um estudo nas instituições públicas de ensino médio de Natal

This research aimed at relating coordination and control forms to organizational performance. The multicase study was applied in two public high schools: Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Rio Grande do Norte and Floriano Cavalcanti. In order to accomplish these objectives, it was developed a qualitative analysis and considered coordination and control forms of several authors. Also was considered Sander´s (1984) model of organizational performance. The mentioned model considers two criteria to analyze organizational performance: one instrumental (efficiency and efficacy) and other substantive (effectiveness e relevance). The research attempts to show the importance of balancing these criteria in a way that effectiveness and relevance becomes more important at schools. It was proven that the use of bureaucratic coordination forms has the power to influence the evaluation on the instrumental technique. At the same time, it was observed that the use of mechanisms based on the autonomy of the school is related to efficiency and efficacy. The object of this research can be considered successful

INCLUSÃO DIGITAL NO ENSINO MÉDIO: ANÁLISE DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA TECNOLOGIA NA ESCOLA ES-TADUAL DEPUTADO JOÃO EVARISTO CURVO DA CIDADE DE JAURU - MT

RESUMO   O presente trabalho pretende identificar quais as dificuldades encontradas para a implementação da inclusão digital no Ensino Médio da Escola Estadual Deputado João Evaristo Curvo, na cidade de Jauru, Mato Grosso. Os objetivos da pesquisa serão: Identificar os principais ambientes de aprendizagem digital dos alunos do Ensino Médio; Descrever as formas de apropriação da tecnologia da informação realizadas pelos educadores, educandos e pela instituição e avaliar a eficácia da tecnologia da informação para a implementação da inclusão digital e social dos mesmos. A metodologia utilizada para a realização do trabalho será a pesquisa caracterizada como qualitativa descritiva, e ela se dará através de observações e questionários. Através da análise dos resultados buscar-se-á pensar e repensar a realidade vivenciada pelo educador em salas no Ensino Médio e na validação de um modo mais viável para a implementação da inclusão digital. Na medida em que a reflexão for realizada esta pesquisa deverá contribuir para facilitar a busca e o interesse dos estudantes pela aprendizagem e pelas inovações tecnológicas, a fim de que os mesmos disponham de um patrimônio intelectual e encontrem condições de autorrealização e crescimento sociocultural, pois a interação escolar exige-se uma postura adequada de todos os envolvidos, e variedades educacionais que devem ser trabalhadas na prática do processo de ensino pedagógico. Palavras-chave: Implementação. Inclusão Digital. Ensino Médio.  

AS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO COMO EIXO INTERDISCIPLINAR NO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO

A cada momento, as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) vêm se destacando como um instrumento auxiliar em todas as áreas de ação. No ambiente escolar não é diferente, seja como ferramenta técnica (secretarias, bibliotecas, etc.) seja dentro das salas de aula. No mundo em que vivemos, é quase impossível não estar diretamente em contato com alguma tecnologia, por isso, a disciplina Noções de Informática, inclusa na parte diversificada no Ensino Médio, vem sendo vista de forma atraente aos estudantes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar fatores que têm impedido a utilização das tecnologias de informação e comunicação como instrumento motivacional e de promoção do conhecimento pelos docentes do Ensino Médio Integrado do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais do campus Governador Valadares em aplicações interdisciplinares. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi feita uma análise dos Planos de Ensinos das disciplinas ministradas no Ensino Médio Integrado em Meio Ambiente; em seguida, um questionário foi aplicado para identificar a percepção de docentes sobre o uso das TIC no apoio ao processo de ensino/aprendizagem. O estudo traz contribuições para outras instituições de ensino público ou privado, por meio de informações sobre a utilização das tecnologias de informação e comunicação como eixo interdisciplinar para integração do Ensino Médio com o profissionalizante