Avaliação econômica dos incentivos fiscais e financeiros: uma análise das empresas industriais têxteis localizadas no Rio Grande do Norte, no período de 1999 a 2003

This study has as main objective to verify the effect of the tax and financial incentives granted by the brazilian states, specially in the reduction of ICMS on the investment decision of the entities, which in the last years led to the companies to decide new projects in based on the region that presented the better infrastructure beyond lesser tributary expense. For in such was made an economic valuation of the companies with focus in the beneficiary s optics using an adaptation of the Discounted Cash Flow method to measure the impact of the tax incentives in the value of the companies, this study selected the textile industry segment located in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The results indicated that such incentives created addition in the value of the companies, however the inexistence of incentives would not be enough to a negative decision of investment in the Rio Grande do Norte. The smallest difference between the value with and without incentive observed was 8.9%, and the biggest 31.7%, and the average of value aggregation with the tax incentives represented 18.9%

O impacto dos custos não-gerenciáveis na determinação das tarifas de energia elétrica: um estudo nas companhias distribuidoras do nordeste que tiveram revisão tarifária nos exercícios de 2003 e 2004

This work presents results derived from a study related to impact on non-controllable costs in the determination of energy taxes. This is done analyzing tax review practiced by concessionaries responsible for the distribution of electrical energy located in the Northeastern Region of Brazil, between 2003 and 2004. This Region was chosen as a study area due to the researcher s expectation in congregating companies that deliver services to markets that have similar social-economical profiles. A brief explanation related to the restructuring of the electrical sector in Brazil is presented, pointing out that there was privatization of the great majority of these companies. The study also points out the definition of regulating rules in service delivery process. The components of taxes that are practiced by these companies aimed at final consumers, as well as the market as a whole and the revision process that is executed by Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica ANEEL for the definition of these taxes are demonstrated in the research. A brief historical of the concessionaires that were focus of the research is presented, totaling five companies. Some data used by ANEEL in the tax review process was analyzed as well as data on components of approved taxes. It is concluded that as a media 47, 49% of the components of taxes in the researched companies correspond to the non-controllable costs. These is done considering previous classification by ANEEL in the tax review process. Although, if it is considered that these companies since 2006, by the means of participation in energy auctions are able to negotiate energy prices for their own needs, it is concluded that these concession contracts guarantee the delivery of the service to the costumer in the total tribute. The percentage of non-controllable costs is 16, 27% average of the tax. This means, amongst other information, that the government has a great deal of responsibility in the formation of price practiced by these companies and its target markets

Impacto do racionamento nos resultados das empresas concessionárias do serviço público de distribuição de energia elétrica: um estudo nas empresas privadas da Região Nordeste

This work verifies the impact caused by the Emergencial Program of Reduction of Consumption of Electric Energy (energy-rationing program) in the results of the concessionary private companies of the public service of electric energy distribution localized in the Northeast Area. As the rationing invigorated from June 2001 to February 2002, its effects are diluted in the results presented by these companies in the second semester of 2001 and first quarter of 2002, with prominence for the last quarter of 2001, when the revenue of extraordinary tariff restore was instituted by the National Agency of Electric Energy (ANEEL), consequence of the so-called General Agreement of the Electric Sector made between the federal government and the companies of the electric sector. The structure of a generic electric sector and a historical review of the Brazilian electric sector from the time it was controlled by the private enterprises, including the State control period, about 1960, and returning to the control of the private enterprises in 1990, under a new regulation structure are presented. An explanation of the models of economic regulation that Brazil used for the electric sector is made, with prominence for the price cap that is the actual effective model. The process of tariff revision foreseen in the concession contracts signed by the federal government and the concessionary companies is presented, highlighting its two stages: the tariff rebalancing that defines the new price cap and the calculation of the factor X that establishes the efficiency goals for the companies. There is made a presentation of the Emergencial Program of Reduction of Consumption of Electric Energy and of the consequent General Agreement of the Electric Sector, which created the revenue of extraordinary tariff restore. A conceptual revision on reviews is presented, regarding to concepts, accomplishment and recognition. A brief review of the six companies that made part of the worked sample is also presented. Analyzing the quarters historical review and of amount of sold energy, it was possible to conclude that the energy-rationing altered the results of the studied companies significantly and that alteration was masked by the accounting process of the revenue of extraordinary tariff restore

Um estudo sobre custos de elaboração de material didático e tutoria em EaD online em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior no Brasil

This study has as main objective to verify the proportionality of the costs with elaboration of didactic material and costs with tutelage and instruction incurred in a higher education institution, located in national territory, and that offers a degree course in the education area in the modality of EaD online. The purpose of the measurement of this proportionality of the costs was of answering these they are, among other, the relevant costs incurred by the institution research object. This is a research of exploratory stamp whose methodological procedure adopted for your development, in what it refers the collection, analysis of the data and the investigation means, it is the case study, as well as the documental and bibliographical research. The found results indicate that the costs with elaboration of didactic material and the costs with tutelage and instruction are relevant, however they are not the only ones considered as such. The costs involved with acquisition and operation of specific softwares they also constitute an relevant costs. The structure of the costs can be altered in agreement with the analyzed period and in agreement with the characteristics of synchronism of the offered course. It was also verified that the technology used in this education modality it ends up generating additional costs incurred with professionals of specific knowledge in technology

Cultura da educação profissional continuada: uma análise dos Contadores do Município de Fortaleza-CE

The present investigation analyzes if it has, amongst the accountants of the city of Fortaleza-Ceará, a culture of Continued Professional Education, in the perspective of one future obligatoriness to garantee to the society best professional services in the terms of Resolution CFC nº 995/04 through the analysis of the activities played for the accountants in the city of Fortaleza, as well as through the analysis and detection of the factors that have motivated or made it difficult the search for the Continued Education and to inquire the attributes considered indispensable for the professional exercise. With this objective, the study presents a historical boarding of the development of the Accounting and the Countable Superior Education in Brazil, the approaches and the intentions of the Program of Continued Professional Education. The procedure used in the research was the inductive method with the use of a questionnaire applied to the accountants of the city of Fortaleza registered at the Regional Accountancy Council of Ceará-CRC-CE, of which it could evidence that if on one hand it is perceived that in the city of Fortaleza most of the accountants have a cocern for a continuous learning represented by 97,31% of the sample ; on the other hand it understands that some would have difficulties to accept the imposition, understanding that desmotivating factors exist as : expensive activities, few offers of courses and even though time lack

Utilização de indicadores financeiros e não-financeiros na gestão de hotéis no Rio Grande do Norte: um estudo sob a ótica do Balanced Scorecard

This study presents the results of a research on the use of financial and non-financial performance indicators used by medium and large hotels. The research was conducted in Rio Grande do Norte, a Brazilian State. The objective is to identify the usage of performance measures by these companies. Hotel industry is one of the most important sectors in the Rio Grande do Norte economy. The research takes the Balanced Scorecard as a conceptual framework, since it represents an original contribution to the literature of managerial accounting, for rethinking old issues, pointing out themes that were forgotten or badly interpreted, to discuss the requirements imposed by the economy environment, dominated by competitive companies, and increasing the understanding of the relationship between strategy and operation. The objective of the research is to investigate if the hotel managers make use of a managerial information system or not, when evaluating the performance of their business unit. The research reveals the usage of performance evaluation using a large variety of measures. Among them is worth mention: the usage of accounting profit altogether with the EVA/MVA, the process cycle time, total quality management, process transformation, strategic mission, vision, strategic measures, measures related to feedback, risk, costs, productivity, incomes, customers retention, customer satisfaction and profitability, measures using time as a component, quality of the process, cost of the processes, employees capabilities, information systems, motivation, empowerment and alignment. The research leads to the conclusion that the usage of the deriving concepts of Balanced Scorecard can improve the performance measurement systems used by hotels

Sensibilidade toxicológica e especificidade do teste de microfixação de complemento na detecção de toxinas botulínicas C e D em meio de cultura e fígado de camundongos

No presente estudo pretendeu-se verificar a sensibilidade toxicológica e especificidade do Teste de Microfixação de Complemento (MCF) na detecção de toxinas botulínicas C e D no sobrenadante de cultivos bacterianos e em fígados de camundongos inoculados com doses letais e subletais. As toxinas foram produzidas em meio de cultura Hemoline, tituladas através da determinação da DL50 pelo Bioensaio em Camundongo e diluídas nas concentrações de 10, 1, 0,1, 0,01 e 0,001 DL50. Desta forma, foram utilizadas em dois modelos experimentais, onde foi determinada a sensibilidade toxicológica do MCF no sobrenadante do meio de cultura com as diluições descritas acima e ainda em extratos hepáticos de camundongos com peso corporal de 20g, inoculados com as mesmas diluições. A tentativa de evidenciação das toxinas botulínicas nos extratos hepáticos de camundongos foi realizada através da sua extração após a morte pela administração das doses letais e ainda pelo sacrifício dos animais inoculados com doses subletais, em intervalos de 5 dias. Os resultados evidenciaram uma sensibilidade toxicológica para o MCF de 100% para os dois tipos de toxinas ao nível de 0,01 DL50, quando testados os sobrenadantes de meio de cultura, portanto 100 vezes superior ao Bioensaio em Camundongo. A sensibilidade toxicológica do MCF, quando examinados extratos hepáticos de camundongos inoculados com 1 e 10 DL50 de toxinas botulínicas C e D, foi inferior, com valores de 100, 80, 89 e 72%, respectivamente. Pelo teste foi possível detectar toxinas botulínicas tipos C e D nos extratos hepáticos de camundongos inoculados com doses subletais até 15 dias após a sua inoculação. A especificidade do MCF foi de 88 e 92%, quando testados extratos hepáticos de camundongos sadios, e confrontados com as antitoxinas C e D; e 100% no sobrenadante do meio de cultura. Os resultados apontam para uma possível utilização do teste como importante instrumento de pesquisa e ainda na eventual substituição dos testes in vivo pelas suas implicações éticas e limitações práticas.

Ocorrência e distribuição de esporos de Clostridium botulinum tipos C e D em áreas de criação de búfalos na Baixada Maranhense

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Erupção dental em pacas (Agouti paca) criadas em cativeiro

Fez-se o acompanhamento radiográfico mensal da erupção dental de cinco fêmeas e sete machos da espécie Agouti paca durante 30 meses. Os animais foram radiografados mês-a-mês. As pacas nasceram com três dentes em cada hemiarcada dental, um incisivo de crescimento contínuo por toda a vida, um pré-molar decíduo (o único que é decíduo) e um molar. No quarto mês houve a erupção do segundo molar. O nivelamento da superfície de oclusão dos dentes inferiores ocorreu no sexto mês e o dos superiores ao redor do nono mês. No 14° mês, houve o início da erupção do terceiro molar e, no 16° mês, a evidenciação radiográfica do pré-molar permanente, ainda com preservação de correspondente decíduo. No 21° mês, ocorreu o nivelamento da superfície de oclusão dos quatro dentes superiores e inferiores. Entre o 22° e o 24° mês, iniciou-se a queda dos pré-molares decíduos inferiores e, entre o 23º e o 24° mês, a dos superiores. Entre o 24º e o 25º mês, a superfície de oclusão dos dentes inferiores estava nivelada, e a dos dentes superiores aconteceu no 27º mês.

Crédito bancário no Brasil: participação das pequenas empresas e condições de acesso

Incluye Bibliografía

Tumor venéreo transmissível espontâneo canino: a inserção do transposon line-1 no gene C-MYC e os critérios de malignidade

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relação entre governança corporativa e gerenciamento de resultados: um estudo em empresas brasileiras listadas na BM&FBOVESPA

The objective of this work was to identify a possible relation between corporate governance, through the structure of the boards of directors and the levels of earnings management of Brazilian public companies. The study is characterized as a descriptive, of a hypothetical-deductive nature, with quantitative approach guided by the estimation model proposed by Kang and Sivaramakrishnan (1995). The sample was comprised by 56 companies, analyzed in the period from 2011 to 2014. The information on the companies were extracted from Economatica databank. For the data analysis, we used multivariate techniques, such as Pearson correlation and panel data in POLS, Fixed Effects and Random Effects approaches. Furthermore, we applied the mean comparison test ANOVA. The results obtained show that, generally, the organizations tend to follow the profile of boards of directors recommended by the codes of corporative governance. However, the characteristics of the composition of the board, regarding its size and the duality of positions that are not yet sufficient to be considered capable of inhibiting the discretionary practice of the studied companies. Relative the control variables, only size and return on equity presented no significant relation with result management. It is important to highlight that literature point many factors that explain the different impacts caused by the formation of the administration board in different regions or countries. Among the factors pointed, we highlight the legal system of the country, the economic and political development, the importance of the capital market, and the level of accounting education.

A descentralização do conceito de super-herói paladino e a crise de identidade pós-moderna

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modelagem estatística do frete da madeira no Uruguai

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Viabilidade econômica da venda de energia elétrica em co-geração sob condições de risco: um estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA