A 2D coordination polymer with brick-wall network topology based on the [Cu(NCS)(2)(pn)] monomer

The new complex [Cu(NCS)(2)(pn)] (1) (pn = 1,3-propanediamine) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and electronic spectroscopy. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that complex 1 is made up of neutral [Cu(NCS)(2)(pn)] units which are connected by mu-1,3,3-thiocyanato groups to yield a 2D metal-organic framework with a brick-wall network topology. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds of the type NH...SCN and NH...NCS are also responsible for the stabilization of the crystal structure. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PREDATION OF COTTON LEAFWORM 1ST INSTAR LARVAE, ALABAMA-ARGILLACEA [LEP, NOCTUIDAE]

Natural predation first instar larvae of the cotton leafworm (CLW) A. argillacea was studied in cotton fields in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil, during 1986. The presence of naturally occurring arthropod predators showed a first instar larvae predation rate of 78.6 and 88.9% after 24 h and 48 h of exposure, respectively. A predator prey ratio of 1 : 1 (1 CLW key predator per 1 prey/plant) maintained a level of no more than 1 CLW small larvae per plant. The most evident arthropod predators in the studied fields were: beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), ants Pheidole sp. and Conomyrma sp.; Dermaptera Doru lineare (Eschs); Hemiptera Geocoris sp., and Orius insidiosus Say; and the spiders Theridion volubile, Chrysso pulcherrima, Misumenops sp., Chiracanthium sp., and Oxyopes salticus Hentz.

Dinuclear Azide-Bridged Copper(II) Complex as Building Block for the Assembly of a 2D-Supramolecular Array

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Employing 2D Projections for Fast Visual Exploration of Large Fiber Tracking Data

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Gauge-independent analysis of 2D-gravity

In this note we show that the induced 2D-gravity SL(2, ℝ) currents can be defined in a gauge-independent way although they manifest themselves as generators of residual symmetries only in some special gauges. In the Coulomb gas representation we investigate two approaches, namely one resembling string field theory and another that emphasizes the SL(2, ℝ) structure in the phase space. In the conformal gauge we propose a solution of the Liouville theory in terms of the SL(2, ℝ) currents.

Resolving power of 2D pion interferometry

A χ2 analysis is performed to test the resolving power of two-dimensional pion interferometry using for illustration the preliminary E802 data on Si+Au at 14.6 A GeV/c. We find that the resolving power to distinguish two decoupling geometries of different dynamical models is enhanced by studying the variation of the mean χ2 per degrees of freedom with respect to the range of the analysis in the qT, qL plane. The preliminary data seem to rule out dynamical models with significant ω, η resonance formation yields.

Tipos de resistência a Alabama Argillacea (Huebner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) envolvidos em genótipos de algodoeiro: II. Antibiose

Cotton genotypes resistance to Alabama argillacea (Huebner, 1818) due to antibiosis has been evaluated in laboratory trials (at 27 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and 14 hours photoperiod). Six different genetic materials (T 1122-13-1, STO 285 N, JPM 157, T 953-13-4-2, CNPA 9211-21, and CNPA 9211-31) have been tested in a completely randomized experimental design, with ten replications, each one with ten larvae/genotype. Larvae have been supplied with leaves daily. The following variables have been scored: time length of several insect stages (from larvae to adult), average mass of larvae and pupae as well as average larval, pre-pupal and pupal mortality rates. All genotypes have revealed longer overall average time length of stage duration from larvae to adult, as compared to STO 285 N; however, CNPA 9211-31 and CNPA 9211-21 have shown the smallest average mass of pupae along with high frequencies of pre-pupae and larvae to adult mortalities. The results strongly suggest that antibiosis is one of the resistance mechanisms to A. argillacea in that two cotton genotypes.

Interference phenomenon for the Faddeevian regularization of 2D chiral fermionic determinants

The classification of the regularization ambiguity of a 2D fermionic determinant in three different classes according to the number of second-class constraints, including the new Faddeevian regularization, is examined and extended. We find a new and important result that the Faddeevian class, with three second-class constraints, possesses a free continuous one parameter family of elements. The criterion of unitarity restricts the parameter to the same range found earlier by Jackiw and Rajaraman for the two-constraint class. We studied the restriction imposed by the interference of right-left modes of the chiral Schwinger model (χQED2) using Stone's soldering formalism. The interference effects between right and left movers, producing the massive vectorial photon, are shown to constrain the regularization parameter to belong to the four-constraint class which is the only nonambiguous class with a unique regularization parameter. ©1999 The American Physical Society.

Possible effects of sodium chloride treatment on quality of effluents from Alabama channel Catfish ponds

Channel catfish ponds are treated with salt (sodium chloride) to increase chloride concentration and prevent nitrite toxicity in fish. A survey indicated that most farmers try to maintain chloride concentration of 50 to 100 mg/L in ponds by annual salt applications. Averages and standard deviations for selected water quality variables in salt-treated ponds were as follows: chloride, 87.2 ± 37.5 mg/L; total dissolved solids (TDS), 336 ± 96 mg/L; specific conductance, 512 ± 164 μmhos/cm. Maximum values were 189 mg/L for chloride, 481 mg/L for TDS, and 825 μmhos/cm for specific conductance. Good correlations between specific conductance values and both chloride and TDS concentrations suggest that specific conductance can be a rapid method for estimating concentrations of these two variables in surface water. The maximum limit for chloride concentration in Alabama streams allowed by the Alabama Department of Environmental Management is 230 mg/L. The usual recommended upper limit of TDS for protection of aquatic life in freshwater streams is 1,000 mg/L. Based on the observed relationship between TDS concentration and specific conductance in Alabama catfish ponds, 1,000 mg/L TDS corresponds to 1,733 μmhos/cm specific conductance. It is unlikely that effluents from salt-treated catfish ponds would violate the in-stream chloride standard of 230 mg/L or harm aquatic life in streams. Nevertheless, chloride concentrations in ponds should be measured before salt application as a safe guard against excessive salt application and chloride concentrations above the in-stream chloride standard.

Dynamic behavior of cluster observables for the 2d Ising model

We present results of our numerical study of the critical dynamics of percolation observables for the two-dimensional Ising model. We consider the (Monte Carlo) short-time evolution of the system with small initial magnetization and heat-bath dynamics. We find qualitatively different dynamic behaviors for the magnetization M and for Ω, the so-called strength of the percolating cluster, which is the order parameter of the percolation transition. More precisely, we obtain a (leading) exponential form for Ω as a function of the Monte Carlo time t, to be compared with the power-law increase encountered for M at short times. Our results suggest that, although the descriptions in terms of magnetic or percolation order parameters may be equivalent in the equilibrium regime, greater care must be taken to interpret percolation observables at short times.

Digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with gastric cancer

Background: Sex steroid exposure during early human development may influence disease susceptibility. Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal hormone exposure and sensitivity, as well as the action of genes closely related to carcinogenesis. Digit ratio could act as a possible marker for cancer predisposition. Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the possible correlations between right hand, left hand and right minus left (R. - L) 2D:4D and gastric cancer (GCA) in men and women and assess the correlations with tumor staging and histological diagnosis. Methods: Digital images of the right and left hand palms of patients diagnosed with GCA (n = 57, 42 males, 15 females) and age and sex-matched controls (n = 59, 41 males, 18 females) were obtained. Means for 2D:4D were compared. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures one-way ANOVA and Student's t-test for finger measurements and group comparisons and Pearson's and Spearman's tests for correlations with tumor staging (α = 0.05). Results: GCA group presented significantly higher left 2D:4D, but significantly lower R. - L in comparison to healthy controls, particularly so for males. Digit ratio did not correlate to clinical staging or TNM staging. However, low R. - L was significantly related to adenocarcinomas. Conclusions: Early developmental conditions, including prenatal testosterone seem to play a role on the malignant transformation of gastric lesions. The 2D:4D pattern found for gastric cancer parallels that earlier described for breast cancer. The findings suggest that 2D:4D could add to the list of etiological factors and be a putative marker for the screening of patients' susceptibility to develop gastric cancer. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Estudo de transições durante o processo de desenovelamento térmico da RNase A por meio da calorimetria (DSC) e espectroscopia de correlação bidimensional no infravermelho médio (2D-IR)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Distribuição vertical e temporal de ovos de Alabama argillacea e de Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e parasitismo natural por Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Oviposição de Alabama argillacea Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em cultivares de algodoeiro e parasitismo natural de ovos por Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) na região de Chapadão do Sul, MS

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV