La participaci??n en las elecciones a los consejos escolares de centro : 1996-1997 - 2003-2004

Informe t??cnico del Consejo Escolar del Estado. Monogr??fico con el t??tulo: 'La participaci??n en los Consejos Escolares de Centro'. Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Informe sobre el estado y situaci??n del sistema educativo : curso 2004-2005

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Lehen Hezkuntzako Ebaluazioa 2004. Laburpen exekutiboa : ondorioak eta hobetzeko proposamenak

Existe una versi??n en espa??ol, con el t??tulo "Evaluaci??n de la Educaci??n Primaria 2004. Resumen ejecutivo : conclusiones y propuestas de mejora"

An??lisis de las publicaciones espa??olas en la categor??a Psychology Educational de la Web of Science durante el periodo 2004-2013

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Diagnóstico de la gestión empresarial: la industria gráfica y su efecto tributario en el período 1999-2004

La presente investigación se origina y desarrolla a partir de la interrogante central ¿La evolución del sector de la industria gráfica contribuirá a la generación de un proceso de desarrollo económico y tendrá efectos positivos en la redistribución del ingreso?. El estudio propone realizar un diagnóstico de la industria gráfica y su efecto tributario, para lo cual plantea los objetivos siguientes: analizar la situación del sector y determinar los factores que obstaculizan su desarrollo; determinar la evolución, estructura y participacion en la economía; así como estimar los efectos de la política tributaria en el sector y aporte a la redistribución del ingreso. La evolución del sector de la industria gráfica, destaca su desempeño y tendencias dentro de la economía nacional. Describe la definición y tipología de la industria gráfica, para luego conocer la estructura, la distribución por ramas y la tendencia de su crecimiento. Presenta un breve análisis de las principales manifestaciones y tendencias de la economía nacional en el período. Analiza la evolución de la industria, su desempeño global y sectorial, el comportamiento de variables como ingreso, empleo, producción y salarios. Posteriormente, hace referencia a los factores que obstaculizan el desarrollo de la industria gráfica en el país. Para establecer los efectos de la política tributaria sobre el desarrollo de la industria gráfica, se realiza un análisis de la evolución que ha tenido la carga tributaria, esto es el pago del impuesto a la renta (IR), al Valor Agregado (IVA), aranceles y otras con los que contribuye el sector.

The magma budget of Volcan Arenal, Costa Rica from 1980 to 2004

Using topographic data collected by radar interferometry, stereo-photogrammetry, and field survey we have measured the changing surface of Volcan Arenal in Costa Rica over the period from 1980 to 2004. During this time this young volcano has mainly effused basaltic andesite lava, continuing the activity that began in 1968. Explosive products form only a few percent of the volumetric output. We have calculated digital elevation models for the years 1961, 1988 and 1997 and modified existing models for 2000 and 2004. From these we have estimated the volume of lava effused and coupled this with the data presented by an earlier study for 1968-1980. We find that a dense rock equivalent volume of 551 M m(3) was effused from 1968 to 2004. The dense rock equivalent effusion rate fell from about 2 m(3) s(-1) to about 0.1-0.2 m(3) s(-1) over the same period, with an average rate of about 0.5 m(3) s(-1). Between 1980 and 2004, the average effusion rate was 0.36 m(3) s(-1), a similar rate to that measured between 1974 and 1980. There have been two significant deviations from this long-term rate. The effusion rate increased from 1984 to 1991, at the same time as explosivity increased. After a period of moderate effusion rates in the 1990s, the rate fell to lower levels around 1999. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Urban smoke concentrations at Kew, London, 1898-2004

Historical smoke concentrations at monthly resolution for the early twentieth century are found for Kew Observatory, London, using the atmospheric electricity proxy technique. Smoke particles modify the electrical properties of urban air: an increase in smoke concentration reduces air's electrical conductivity and increases the Potential Gradient (PG). Calibrated PG data are available from Kew since 1898, and air conductivity was measured routinely between 1909 and 1979 using the technique developed by C.T.R. Wilson. Automated smoke observations at the same site overlap with the atmospheric electrical measurements from 1921, providing an absolute calibration to smoke concentration. This shows that the late nineteenth century winter smoke concentrations at Kew were approximately 100 times greater than contemporary winter smoke concentrations. Following smoke emission regulations reducing the smoke concentration, the electrical parameters of the urban air did not change dramatically. This is suggested to be due to a composition change, with an increase in the abundance of small aerosol compensating for the decrease in smoke. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evidence for the presence of bluetongue virus in Kosovo between 2001 and 2004

In 2001, clinical cases of bluetongue were observed in Kosovo, and in that year and in 2003 and 2004, serum samples were collected from cattle and small ruminants and tested for antibodies to bluetongue virus. The results provide evidence that bluetongue virus was not present in Kosovo before the summer of 2001, but that the virus circulated subclinically among the cattle and sheep populations of Kosovo in 2002, 2003 and 2004.

Media Coverage and Charitable Giving After the 2004 Tsunami

Media coverage of humanitarian crises is widely believed to influence charitable giving, yet this assertion has received little empirical scrutiny. Using Internet donations after the 2004 tsunami as a case study in a tobit framework, we show that media coverage of disasters increases charitable donations, with an additional minute of nightly news coverage increasing donations by 0.036 standard deviations from the mean. We repeat the analysis using instrumental variables in a tobit model to account for endogeneity, and the estimates are unchanged. We also show that the magnitude and sign of media impact vary by news source and relief agency.

Evolução setorial e trajetórias tecnológicas em nível de empresas na indústria de celulose e papel no Brasil (1970 - 2004): contexto da política de substituição de importações à competição globalizada

Accordingly, a variety of firms's technological capabilities studies, the literature recently is still lacking about the dynamic of sector evolution and technological development in inter-firm and their implication for technical and economical financial performance. More lacking is the research catching up the evolution of industrial sectors after the institutional reforms in the 90. For that, the focus of the dissertation is to analyze the main of the evolution of the pulp and paper industry from 1970 to 2004, using as reference points the import-substitution policy and the economic deregulation of the 1990s. Futhermore, the work tries to evaluate how such changes at industry level have been perceived from a firm point of view in terms of accumulation of technological capabilities and improvement of economic financial performance. This linkage is tested and examined in the following firms: Aracruz (Barra do Riacho establishment ), Klabin (Monte Alegre establishment) e Votorantim Celulose e Papel ¿ VCP (Jacareí establishment), defining the same time period of sectoral level. As far as the industry level study is concerned, it is based on the average rate of annual growth of some selected variables, given that the technological capabilities test is performed according to the methodology already existing in the literature, but properly adapted to the pulp and paper case. Similarly, the analysis regarding the improvement of the economic financial performance is based on a set of industry specific indicators. Hence, the work is built upon multiple case studies, taking into account both the qualitative and quantitative evidence, i.e. interviews, direct observations, as well as firm reports. Finally, it is worth emphasizing as the analysis of the changes in the sector, in conjunction with the above mentioned methodology used to measure the technological capabilities in the context of an evolving industrial regime, is still lacking in emerging economies as well as in Brazil. According to the empirical evidence, the reforms of the 1990s had a positive impact on the industrial development, from both the national and international viewpoint. Such a transformation was evident at firm level in terms of accumulation of technological capabilities and improvement of economic financial indicators. Indeed, the results show that the speed of accumulation of technological capabilities within the firms influences positively the performance indicators. On the other hand, these are also related to external factors, such as the macroeconomic conditions, which as such have not been considered in details.

Gestão de pessoas em processos de integração pós-aquisições : um estudo múltiplo de casos no Unibanco entre 1995 e 2004

Fusões e Aquisições, “F&As”, são exemplos de transformações organizacionais que podem afetar significativamente a geração de valor de um negócio. Nesses movimentos, o processo de integração tem destacada importância. Durante esse processo, os aspectos que envolvem a gestão dos recursos disponíveis necessitam ser cuidadosamente observados e tratados, pois podem influenciar diretamente os resultados das transações. No Brasil, especialmente após a segunda metade da década de noventa, pode-se observar uma grande quantidade de fusões entre empresas, especialmente entre bancos. Pessoas com culturas, valores e crenças distintas foram combinadas sob a mesma esfera organizacional e, em alguns casos, integradas, apressada e desordenadamente, resultando em uma destruição de valor. Pesquisas locais e internacionais sugerem que uma parte significativa dos fatores críticos de sucesso em um processo de F&A refere-se à condução cuidadosa da integração e ao tratamento adequado às pessoas envolvidas. Durante o período 1995-2004, o Unibanco adquiriu e integrou diversas empresas, constituindo um histórico importante para o aprendizado neste campo de conhecimento. Neste trabalho são apresentados alguns dos casos que ilustram a forma adotada pelo Unibanco para adquirir e integrar empresas, através de um Estudo Múltiplo de Casos, dividido em 4 (quatro) macro-movimentos: 1 - caso “Banco Nacional”, 2 - caso “Banco Bandeirantes”, 3 - caso “Credibanco” e 4 - caso “Empresas de Varejo”. Nestes casos foram apontados e analisados aspectos estratégicos, operacionais e - de uma forma mais detalhada - os aspectos da gestão de pessoas nos processos de integração pós-aquisição adotados pelo Unibanco no período da pesquisa. De acordo com as análises, percebeu-se que o Unibanco estabeleceu uma evolução na organização de seu processo de integração pós-aquisição baseada nos pontos relevantes da fundamentação teórica aqui apresentada. Esta evolução foi observada em vários aspectos da integração, mas de modo marcante em três fatores: organização da equipe de transição, comunicação e foco dado às pessoas durante o processo.