Cortisol and Anxiety Response to a Relaxing Intervention on Pregnant Women Awaiting Amniocentesis

Background: Stress and anxiety during pregnancy have been associated with premature and low birth weight babies, presumably through fetus over exposion to glucocorticoids. Antenatal stress also seems to have long-term effects upon infant development and adult health. However, medication for stress may carry risks to the expectant mother, therefore the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions should be investigated. Methods: Pregnant women (n = 154) awaiting amniocentesis, were randomly assigned in the morning and the afternoon to three groups for 30 min: (1) listening to relaxing music, (2) sitting and reading magazines, and (3) sitting in the waiting-room. Before and after that period, they completed the Spielberger’s State and Trait anxiety inventory and provided blood samples for cortisol. The groups were then compared regarding change in cortisol levels and anxiety. Results: Maternal cortisol and state anxiety were correlated (r = 0.25, p = 0.04) in the afternoon, but not in the morning. The larger decreases in cortisol occurred in the music group ( 61.8 nmol/L, ANOVA: p = 0.01), followed by magazine, being differences among groups more pronounced in the morning. Women in the music group also exhibited the greater decreases in state anxiety ( p < 0.001). Younger mothers with less gestational age were on average the most anxious, and also the ones with greater decreases in cortisol and anxiety levels after relaxation. Conclusion: A relaxing intervention as short as 30 min, especially listening to music, decreases plasma cortisol and self-reported state anxiety score. Pregnant women might benefit from the routine practice of relaxation in the imminence of clinical stressful events.

THE RELEVANCE OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ON THE INFECTIOUS PROCESS OF BALB/C MICE INOCULATED WITH Lacazia loboi

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the protein-calorie malnutrition in BALB/c isogenic mice infected with Lacazia loboi, employing nutritional and histopathological parameters. Four groups were composed: G1: inoculated with restricted diet, G2: not inoculated with restricted diet, G3: inoculated with regular diet, G4: not inoculated with regular diet. Once malnutrition had been imposed, the animals were inoculated intradermally in the footpad and after four months, were sacrificed for the excision of the footpad, liver and spleen. The infection did not exert great influence on the body weight of the mice. The weight of the liver and spleen showed reduction in the undernourished groups when compared to the nourished groups. The macroscopic lesions, viability index and total number of fungi found in the footpads of the infected mice were increased in G3 when compared to G1. Regarding the histopathological analysis of the footpad, a global cellularity increase in the composition of the granuloma was observed in G3 when compared to G1, with large numbers of macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, discrete numbers of lymphocytes were present in G3 and an increase was observed in G1. The results suggest that there is considerable interaction between Jorge Lobo's disease and nutrition.

Reflexões Acerca do Currículo em Medicina Interna

O A. aborda o problema da carreira de Medicina Interna na perspectiva da formação teórica e prática e dos estágios obrigatórios e facultativos. Lembra que, para além do Internista clássico, há que admitir a existência de internistas/intensivistas e internistas com vocação para uma espe cialidade médica. São abordadas as relações da medicina interna com as sub-especialidades médicas por um lado, e com a Clínica Geral por outro, defendendo-se a criação de um tronco-comum de 2 anos anos tanto para sub-especialistas como para generalistas.

Avaliação das propriedades antioxidantes e antimutagénicas de diferentes cultivares Vaccinium spp.: Partiot, Bluecrop, Duke, Earlyblue e O’Neal, produzidas na Sub-região do Baixo Vouga

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Tecnologia e Segurança Alimentar

Conde de Casal Ribeiro: um percurso político no liberalismo oitocentista (1846-1896)

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História Contemporânea,

Arranjo musical de repertório para a educação musical

Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Educação Musical no Ensino Básico

Fado Tropical. O Fado na emigração portuguesa e lusodescendência no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo

Trabalho de Projeto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Culturas Visuais

Lisboa de 1731 a 1833: da desordem à ordem no espaço urbano

Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em História da Arte

A dimensão intercultural do inglês como língua estrangeira em contexto de formação profissional - estudo de caso

Trabalho de Projecto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino do Inglês

Mário Alberto Nunes Costa: a acção arquivística e bibliotecária

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em (Ciências da Informação e da Documentação – variante Arquivo

Bookerz – Conceção e Desenvolvimento de uma Comunidade

Trabalho de Projecto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Novos Media e Práticas Web

Desenvolvimento de um sistema de detecção de quench baseado em campo magnético

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Jerónimo Martins, SGPS: Equity research report

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

A Atividade Cultural do Consulado Geral de Portugal em Boston

Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais

Evaluation of platelet number and function and fibrinogen level in patients bitten by snakes of the Bothrops genus

Platelet function and plasma fibrinogen levels were evaluated in 14 patients, 10 males and 4females, aged 13-59years bitten by Bothrops genus snakes. There was a statistical difference (p < 0.05) among plasma fibrinogen levels evaluated 24 and 48 hours after envenomation. There was a tendency towards normalization after 48 hours of treatment. The low platelet number was clear in 24-48 hour evaluations with a tendency towards normalization after 48 hours of treatment (p<0.05). Fibrinogen levels and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels appeared to be altered in 83.33% of patients evaluated. The authors suggest that platelet hypoaggregation is related to decreased fibrinogen and increased FDP levels.