Protection of property and criminal law - A study with special reference to intellectual property

Theoretically speaking, property is extension of the personality of the individual. It serves the purpose of satisfying the self of the individual in the society. Various theories have been attempted to explain its origin and development. However, it is the socialist theory of property which finds acceptance in many societies today. A proper definition of the concept of property has notbeen given in the statutes governing protection of property or in the Indian Constitution. While deciding cases under the Indian Penal Code, the courts have however, been interpreting the term 'property' in a manner facilitating its accommodation within the contours of the socialist theory of property, though there was no attempt for any formal theorization. An examination of the decisions under the Penal Code provisions and Constituent Assembly Debates has reinforced the above view that our courts as well as legislature have adopted the socialist concept of property. Because of the importance of the theory of property in the general scheme of this study, it was thought appropriate toinclude a chapter on the theory of property as reflected in our constitution.

Right to Maintenance Under Criminal Law - A Critical Study

Some study has been made earlier, but no attempt has ever been made to make the study comprehensive and comparative. There exists also no information as to the working of the system. Hence the work is undertaken to provide first hand knowledge of the legal institutions that had handled and now handles annually large masses of deprived and neglected population. An investigation is also necessary to know the legal and social characteristics of the jurisdiction enjoined on the court so that this will help compare the law in the statute with the law and practice. The evaluation of the working system in the changed social atmosphere is also an urgent need of the hour

Collaborative design procedures for architects and engineers

This book argues for novel strategies to integrate engineering design procedures and structural analysis data into architectural design. Algorithmic procedures that recently migrated into the architectural practice are utilized to improve the interface of both disciplines. Architectural design is predominately conducted as a negotiation process of various factors but often lacks rigor and data structures to link it to quantitative procedures. Numerical structural design on the other hand could act as a role model for handling data and robust optimization but it often lacks the complexity of architectural design. The goal of this research is to bring together robust methods from structural design and complex dependency networks from architectural design processes. The book presents three case studies of tools and methods that are developed to exemplify, analyze and evaluate a collaborative work flow.

Translucent Procedures, Abstraction without Opacity

This report introduces TRANSLUCENT PROCEDURES as a new mechanism for implementing behavioral abstractions. Like an ordinary procedure, a translucent procedure can be invoked, and thus provides an obvious way to capture a BEHAVIOR. Translucent procedures, like ordinary procedures, can be manipulated as first-class objects and combined using functional composition. But unlike ordinary procedures, translucent procedures have structure that can be examined in well-specified non-destructive ways, without invoking the procedure.

Procedures as a Representation for Data in a Computer Program for Understanding Natural Language

This paper describes a system for the computer understanding of English. The system answers questions, executes commands, and accepts information in normal English dialog. It uses semantic information and context to understand discourse and to disambiguate sentences. It combines a complete syntactic analysis of each sentence with a "heuristic understander" which uses different kinds of information about a sentence, other parts of the discourse, and general information about the world in deciding what the sentence means. It is based on the belief that a computer cannot deal reasonably with language unless it can "understand" the subject it is discussing. The program is given a detailed model of the knowledge needed by a simple robot having only a hand and an eye. We can give it instructions to manipulate toy objects, interrogate it about the scene, and give it information it will use in deduction. In addition to knowing the properties of toy objects, the program has a simple model of its own mentality. It can remember and discuss its plans and actions as well as carry them out. It enters into a dialog with a person, responding to English sentences with actions and English replies, and asking for clarification when its heuristic programs cannot understand a sentence through use of context and physical knowledge.

Monitoring procedures in environmental geochemistry and compositional data analysis theory

First discussion on compositional data analysis is attributable to Karl Pearson, in 1897. However, notwithstanding the recent developments on algebraic structure of the simplex, more than twenty years after Aitchison’s idea of log-transformations of closed data, scientific literature is again full of statistical treatments of this type of data by using traditional methodologies. This is particularly true in environmental geochemistry where besides the problem of the closure, the spatial structure (dependence) of the data have to be considered. In this work we propose the use of log-contrast values, obtained by a simplicial principal component analysis, as LQGLFDWRUV of given environmental conditions. The investigation of the log-constrast frequency distributions allows pointing out the statistical laws able to generate the values and to govern their variability. The changes, if compared, for example, with the mean values of the random variables assumed as models, or other reference parameters, allow defining monitors to be used to assess the extent of possible environmental contamination. Case study on running and ground waters from Chiavenna Valley (Northern Italy) by using Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3-, SO4 2- and Cl- concentrations will be illustrated

Análisis de las rupturas y continuidades estratégicas en sus ámbitos económico, social y político entre el bloque Élmer Cárdenas de las AUC (2002-2006) y la banda criminal los Urabeños (2006-2010) presentes en el Urabá chocoano

A partir de un análisis comparado, de orden cualitativo, se analiza la existencia de continuidades y rupturas estratégicas entre el Bloque Élmer Cárdenas de las AUC y los Urabeños, con el fin de caracterizar a ambos actores armados. La investigación expone similitudes relevantes entre ambos grupos armados a fin de dilucidar la naturaleza, aun discutida, de las llamadas bandas criminales y su relación con los predecesores bloques paramilitares, además de la incidencia en las actividades económicas, la población civil y el poder político.

El perfil criminal del asesino en serie colombiano desde la perspectiva psicodinámica. Una revisión de literatura

El objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en describir las características de un asesino en serie colombiano desde la perspectiva psicodinámica. En este sentido, el abordaje teórico realizado en este trabajo se compone inicialmente de una concepción de asesinos en serie, posteriormente se hace una revisión acerca de las bases biológicas y los factores sociales del homicida serial, igualmente, se explican tres teorías psicodinámicas a trabajar (Sigmund Freud y Erick Erickson). Finalmente, se hace mención dentro de la investigación a la comparación casuística de los asesinos en serie, teniendo en cuenta a cuatro asesinos en serie mediante el abordaje psicodinámico. Por otra parte, a nivel metodológico, el tipo de estudio realizado es descriptivo con un corte cualitativo y un diseño no experimental, basado en la revisión de fuentes bibliográficas. Como producto se pretende hacer una aproximación al perfil correspondiente de la personalidad de un asesino en serie colombiano mediante las teorías psicodinámicas.

Aproximación político criminal al análisis de los bienes jurídicos colectivos en el marco de la sociedad del riesgo

El análisis que se piensa hacer en el presente trabajo, es analítico deductivo, en cuanto pretende mostrar el estado del arte referente a las implicaciones que en el Derecho penal puede tener una teoría sociológica, que pretende abordar temas atinentes a la ciencia del derecho de una manera conceptualmente ilustrativa. Pero vale la pena aclarar de entrada, que en donde mayor repercusión, en el Derecho penal, llega a tener dicho enfoque, es en la política criminal que desarrolla el Estado a través del legislador. Es dicho marco el que le ha servido de referencia para variar y ampliar sus contenidos de protección. Posición que no ha prosperado sin objeción alguna, pues un gran sector de la doctrina se muestra reacio al arquetipo que promulgan quienes se adhieren a su postura, debido a la firme creencia que no es el Derecho penal al que le corresponde dar soluciones a problemas macrosociales. De ello se desprende la valoración de determinados bienes jurídicos, y en esa medida las formas concretas de protección que reviste un modelo penal expansivo, en cuanto encuentra objetivos dignos de protección analizados en clave sociológica.

La doctrina de la empresa criminal conjunta en los tribunales ad hoc y su ámbito de aplicación en el Estatuto de Roma

El primer fallo de la Corte Penal Internacional ha confirmado que el Artículo 25(3) del Estatuto de Roma se basa en la teoría del dominio del hecho para hacer la distinción entre autoría y participación. Por el contrario, desde 2003, la jurisprudencia de los tribunales ad hoc construye el concepto de coautoría con base en la doctrina de la empresa criminal conjunta y emplea un criterio subjetivo de autor. En el presente texto analizaremos primero los problemas planteados por esta línea jurisprudencial de los tribunales ad hoc,para proseguir con el análisis del artículo del Estatuto de Roma que más parece asemejarse a la doctrina de la empresa criminal conjunta :el Artículo 25 (3) (d). El documento concluye que ninguna de las categorías de la empresa criminal conjunta tiene cabida en dicha disposición.

The role of the International Criminal Court in preventing atrocity crimes through timely intervention

Documento acerca de la Intervención Humanitaria de la Doctrina ex post facto y Instituciones Judiciales a la noción de responsabilidad de protección y Preventiva del papel de la Corte Penal Internacional. Lección inaugural como Presidente en Derecho Penal Internacional y Procedimiento Penal Internacional en la Universidad de Utrecht , emitida el 18 de octubre 2010

Serving bilingual patients with aphasia : challenges, foundations and procedures. 'Atención de pacientes bilingües con afasia : retos, fundamentos y procedimientos'.

Resumen en español

La Psicolog??a Criminal en la Polic??a de Franco

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Procedures and examples for examining a wide range of student outcomes from 1:1 student computing settings

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n