1000 resultados para Crédito ao Consumidor


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Há uma tendência de mercados mais concorridos, devido à globalização, menores taxas de crescimento econômico e outras causas. Diante desse cenário, o papel desempenhado pelos consumidores influenciando o comportamento das empresas pode elevar-se. Mas várias questões a esse respeito despontam no Brasil. Quais são as principais práticas empresariais éticas e antiéticas para os consumidores? Quais são as empresas mais éticas e antiéticas para os consumidores? A ética empresarial é importante para os consumidores? A ética empresarial é recompensada pelos consumidores? Acerca desta última e crucial questão, tendo-se por base uma série de artigos jornalísticos, a resposta parece ser sim. Todavia, nenhum resultado empírico acadêmico produzido no Brasil foi encontrado contemplando por completo essas questões. Este relatório envolve uma pesquisa empírica sobre tais questões. Antes, no plano teórico, são examinados dois temas: a) a crescente relevância da ética nos negócios; b) o marketing e o papel da ética do consumidor, no exterior e no Brasil. Na parte empírica, dois são os propósitos. O primeiro envolve uma sondagem aberta, sob a ótica do consumidor, das melhores e piores práticas empresariais em termos de ética, assim como das empresas mais éticas e mais antiéticas. O segundo propósito abrange a mensuração dos construtos Importância Atribuída pelo Consumidor ao Comportamento Ético Empresarial e Propensão do Consumidor a Recompensar o Comportamento Ético Empresarial, bem como o teste da existência de uma relação entre eles. Dados foram obtidos de uma amostra de assinantes de telefonia fixa das cidades de Campo Grande (MS), Curitiba (PR) e Salvador (BA). Ao final, as principais limitações e conclusões da pesquisa são expostas e discutidas.

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Há uma tendência de mercados mais concorridos, devido à globalização, menores taxas de crescimento econômico e outras causas. Diante desse cenário, o papel desempenhado pelos consumidores influenciando o comportamento das empresas pode elevar-se. Mas várias questões a esse respeito despontam no Brasil. Quais são as principais práticas empresariais éticas e antiéticas para os consumidores? Quais são as empresas mais éticas e antiéticas para os consumidores? A ética empresarial é importante para os consumidores? A ética empresarial é recompensada pelos consumidores? Acerca desta última e crucial questão, tendo-se por base uma série de artigos jornalísticos, a resposta parece ser sim. Todavia, nenhum resultado empírico acadêmico produzido no Brasil foi encontrado contemplando por completo essas questões. Este relatório envolve uma pesquisa empírica sobre tais questões. Antes, no plano teórico, são examinados os temas da crescente relevância da ética nos negócios, do marketing e o papel da ética do consumidor, no exterior e no Brasil. Na parte empírica, dois são os propósitos. O primeiro envolve uma sondagem aberta, sob a ótica do consumidor, das melhores e piores práticas empresariais em termos de ética, assim como das empresas mais éticas e mais antiéticas. O segundo propósito abrange a mensuração dos construtos Importância Atribuída pelo Consumidor ao Comportamento Ético Empresarial (IMPETIC) e Propensão do Consumidor a Recompensar o Comportamento Ético Empresarial (RECETIC), bem como o teste da existência de uma relação entre eles. Dados foram obtidos de uma amostra de assinantes de telefonia fixa das cidades de Campo Grande, Curitiba, Salvador, Manaus e Vitória. Dos resultados, sobressai uma relação significante entre IMPETIC e RECETIC. Ao final, as principais limitações e conclusões da pesquisa são expostas e discutidas.

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The objective of this work is identify the impacts of the Light privatization under the consumer point of view, with special focus to the service's quality, verifying the channels introduced by Light to measure the consumer satifaction and evaluate how the consumers interests have influence on the company's decisions. This study also objective to identify the main challenges faced by the Regulatory Agency and the Brazilian State on the new relationship model implementation STATE - CONSUMER - CONCESSIONARY, propoused to the energy sector after the privatization. A descriptive methodology is used to identify the most significant changes on the Light's trasition process to the private administration, followed by an explicative investigation to find how the consumer has passed throught this change, based on bibliographical research and interviews. The obtained conclusions shows that the impacts of the Light privatization under the consumer point of view are positive and highlights that the Regulatory Agency has to have the power and autonomy to control and advice the conncessionaries, building consulte and evaluation mechanisms to activate the consumer participation.

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The purpose of this work is to analyze the process of regulation of the sector of microfinance in Brazil, based on the regulation of the Societies of Credit to Microentrepreneurs - SCMs, the only specialized institucional form in microfinance in the National Financial System, and that, in sight of this, has its performance regulated and supervised by the Brazilian Central Bank. The regulation of the SCMs has been one of the strategies adopted by the Federal Government in our country to stimulate the generation of job and income for the population that usually is excluded from the traditional financial system, for the microentrepreneurs, who have difficulties in getting financing for its productive activities at the traditional financial institutions. However, despite the governmental measures that have been taken in the direction to try to stimulate the sector of microfinance in our country, it is considered that the current model of regulation based on the regulation of the SCMs presents obstacles that must be surpassed in order to reach the objective to facilitate the access of the formal credit to the microentrepreneurs.

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Brazil is a huge country full of peculiar significant issues for those who want to make academic contributions for public policy making and implementation. Therefore, this work aims to contribute to the public policy making debate from the family farmers perspective. Starting with historical issues about Brazilian rural policy, this text highlights the National Program for Familiar Agriculture (PRONAF) credit policy and several relevant elements for the public administration on this specific field such as the Sistema Nacional de Crédito Rural (60¿s), the sector crisis on the 80¿s and the implementation of the PRONAF itself. The theoretical reference is based on several works related to policy making, especially under authors as Lindblom and Kingdon, based on the model build by Barzelay and Velarde which focus on the public policy processes. For the conclusion, some nuances are mentioned as developing needs such as policy appropriation, social actor movements and policy rebuilding itself

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Este trabalho propõe inicialmente uma abordagem sobre os conceitos de crédito e de risco de crédito. Posteriormente é realizada uma visão geral da evolução da análise do risco e de sua importância para o mercado, de como as normas bancárias interferem no racionamento do crédito e sua interface com a teoria da informação assimétrica. Tendo em vista que a informação assimétrica analisa os problemas tanto antes que o contrato seja negociado (seleção adversa) como após a contratação da operação (risco moral), conclui-se que o estudo do risco de crédito, comparado com a teoria da informação assimétrica, induz a possibilidade da premiação para clientes que paguem com pontualidade seus compromissos com as instituições financeiras. Esta possibilidade tem como objetivo a redução do atual patamar das taxas de juros. Neste caminho é questionado se o sistema de classificação de risco adotado pelas instituições financeiras pode ser uma boa base para a adoção da sistemática de premiação pelo pagamento pontual das operações dos clientes. Conclui-se que o sistema de classificação de risco não é uma boa base para a adoção da sistemática de premiação pelo pagamento pontual devido a conter numa mesma faixa de risco uma quantidade significativa de operações com diferentes “spreads”, taxas de juros, tipos de operações, garantias, prazos, clientes, financiadores, entre outros. Constata-se, também, que o risco de crédito faz parte de um problema cultural e que os bancos, para oferecerem um prêmio por pontualidade, irão ponderar, caso a caso, o custo do prêmio a ser pago versus o prejuízo causado pela inadimplência, diante da expectativa do retorno pretendido em cada operação.

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The objective of this dissertation is to discover and to analyze the way how the consumer uses his/her perception to decide contracting a health plan, to supply elements that can serve to subsidize the State, the market and the consumers, in relation to the knowledge on the process of choice of the consumer and the decisions of purchase and contracting services of private health. The estimated one is to evidence that the brand of health plan is an important variable and decisive to the consumer contracting the service of a company that operates in these sector, because mean for the consumer security about the product, through the symbolism that the same one represents, despite the consumer not knowing to the certainty what is contracting in quality and amount. The theoretical construction is carried through using literature of anthropology of the consumption, theory of modernity, theory of the regulation, economic utilitarism, and marketing. Moreover, referential specific theoretician on the regulation of the market of health plans in Brazil. The health plan market in Brazil is anti-symmetrical and the consumer doesn¿t have knowledge technician who makes possible it to form judgment and to carry through rationality choices. Than the consumer uses to his/her decision symbolic elements that are available to his/her and supply to his/her the security that is look likes in the consumption of this kind of good. These symbolic elements related the confidence and security and are into the strong brands of the companies and are transmitted to the consumer through the mass media. In this dissertation are used as sources of data some information of the regulatory agency of the sector ¿ ANS -, a research of public opinion with health plans users and the results of the application of proper questionnaires for this research.

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O objetivo principal desta dissertação é verificar a relação entre satisfação e lealdade do consumidor, bem como a relação entre a satisfação e seus antecedentes no mercado automobilístico brasileiro. Para isto, foram avaliados 160 questionários respondidos por proprietários de automóveis novos e usados. Nove hipóteses foram testadas por meio de um modelo proposto, usando-se o método de equações estruturais. No que diz respeito à validação, o modelo final demonstrou uma boa confiabilidade, comparando-se aos modelos apresentados na literatura. Implicações gerenciais incluem ações das montadoras no campo da satisfação do cliente.

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The subject of the current work was to analyze the subject of the adequacy of Brazilian's agricultural activity financing model, as an alternative for the traditional agriculture credit. The main basis for this research is the evidence that the official resources for new loans, wherein it is analyzed a period within 30 years, had their highest peak in the final 70's decade and beginning of the80¿s had experimented a consistent trajectory of decline, returning to the initial levels of the final decades of the 60¿s. In parallel with the situation above, it is evidenced the increase of the Brazilian agriculture production by the official data, mainly grain plowing, followed by diverse problems like high levels of default in and continuously debt roll over, indicating depauperation from the traditional model which was institutionalized in 1965, under the Law n. 4829. A survey of official data regarding those loans, their default and field research with banks that deal with agriculture loans, from a broad Bibliographical research, ,was made in order to verify their managing strategy and willingness to use new financing mechanisms. The main proposed alternatives were: a) Cédula de Produto Rural (Rural Product Bill) b) Cédula de Produto Rural, financial modality c) Bolsa de Mercadorias e de Futuro¿s proposal d) Agricultural Receivable on Security e) Model based on Local Credit Agencies The best instrument for leveling resources were the first four alternatives, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each proposal. The creation of a system based on local branches for credit had not shown to be viable as for the difficulties for implementation and functioning. The work also points out a need to review the segmentation concerning rural clients. The traditional format for segmentation distinguishes 2 groups of producers: commercial agriculture and familiar agriculture. A third group is in eminence, which is the survival agriculture, with needs and distinct characteristics, indicating that the requirements for their needs must not have to be made by credit forms, but as aid programs, education and social welfare.

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To better understand the way counterfeit consumers value their consumptions the present work will take the Typology of Consumer Value proposed by Holbrook (1994, 1996, 1999 and 2006) as the chosen approach, given its ability to capture the nature of consumption experiences e, therefore, to identify the types of value in the consumer experience. The analysis presented on this work was based on in-deep interviews with Brazilian counterfeit consumers and the most frequent aspects presented during the interviews were the consumer value as play, followed by esteem and status, and while the values excellence, efficiency, ethics and spirituality were observed with a lower frequency, the value aesthetics was not observed during the interviews. These results suggest the possibility of further studies on the subject.

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The objective of the present work is to investigate gift-giving behavior between humans and their pets, and whether the relationship between human and pet affects the choice and purchase of these gifts. Theoretical support comes from works by Wolfinbarger (1990) who categorized the motivations underlying gift-giving, Belk & Coon (1993) who observed gift-giving as an economic exchange, Belk (1993) who approached gift-giving as an act of agapic love, and finally Hirschman (1994) who described many forms of relationship between consumers and their pets. The present study is of exploratory character. In-depth interviews were conducted so then the feelings and emotions of the informants, necessary to the analysis, could emerge. It was assumed that agapic, unconditional love, guided the gifts choice and purchase. Nevertheless, interpretation of the records shows that motivations which led the humans to give gifts to their pets were many. The work shows these motivations in a matrix. Records also indicate that it is difficult to establish the threshold between on motivation and the other.

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Evolution is present in world dynamics. And it is just in such transformational environment where companies have been encapsulated. In an economy of knowledge, physical assets alone are unable to provide profits to meet shareholders' demands. Now there comes an invisible component with the purpose of defining strategies and impelling results: Intangible Assets. Banking financing systems, however, have not kept pace with this knowledge revolution and its resulting new income generation techniques. Credit analysis methods for most financing agents would not employ any intangible parameters in their methodology of study as yet. This paper seeks to discuss the importance of intangible assets by focusing their role of influencial factor in decisions to finance technology-based companies. By studying the credit risk classification system employed by FINEP, Brazil's Federal Agency for innovation development, we wished to suggest indicators for intangibles which might be put to use in the Financiadora.

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Este estudo procura identificar como o marketing de personalização pode ser desenvolvido, quais suas vantagens e quais os cuidados a serem tomados antes de seu uso. Analisa até que ponto a personalização gera satisfação a consumidores de medicamentos de uso contínuo em farmácias do município de Vila Velha, ES. Para a obtenção dos dados, faz uso de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e, em seguida, de uma pesquisa de campo, que envolve uma amostra de 90 sujeitos, selecionados intencionalmente por meio de abordagem técnica nãoprobabilística. Coleta os dados sobre esses sujeitos por meio de uma entrevista. Mostra os resultados de maneira descritiva, analisando-os à luz do estudo teórico feito. Conclui que a personalização de atendimento, neste caso, geraria satisfação e/ou o aumento considerável do grau de satisfação já existente.

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The scope of this dissertation is to assess the attitudes of subscribers to private health insurance schemes and the regulatory strategy of the Ancillary National Health Agency -- ANS in relation to their demands. The ancillary health market features various players, each with their own specific interests and priorities. Consequently, the ANS should strive to maintain the balance between the consumers, the economic intermediaries and the State, ensuring that the Agency's powers to establish norms, as well as to regulate and to supervise each be exercised independently. Many people contend that there are elements not currently incorporated into the current services of the ANS which could contribute to its regulatory strategy. This study was conducted from the standpoint of theories applied to State administration for structural analysis of the ANS and its strategies, in addition to a symbolic and rational approach for a better understanding of the consumers involved. A survey was conducted of existing records of the ANS, as well as data collected from direct observation. Analysis of the data obtained led to the conclusion that the consumer can become a close ally in the regulatory activity of the ANS, to the extent that the latter may acquire more in-depth knowledge of aspects contained in the demands of the former.

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Esta dissertação busca introduzir no Modelo de Análise de Crédito dos Bancos Comerciais alguns fatores estratégicos fundamentais para boa avaliação e defElrimento de uma operação de crédito de curto prazo. Para este fim foi elaborado um modelo Rating que tem como objetivo levar em consideração além da análise cadastral, econômico-financeira e das garantias, uma visão de todo o conjunto da empresa, dando um peso fundamental na estratégia de atuélção analisando \a competitividade , o ambiente interno e externo para que se possa chegar a um número que irá determinar o deferimento ou não da operação, dentro de parâmetros de risco definido pela instituição financeira detontora do recurso, cumprindo as normas do Sistema Financeiro Nacional.