Prática de ensino supervisionadas do 1º e 2º ciclo do ensino básico:linguagem entre pares: código de grupo ou agressão?

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

A formação superior policial no âmbito da cooperação policial portuguesa. O papel do ISCPSI na formação de oficiais dos PALOP

Este relatório é resultado do estágio realizado no Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna entre setembro de 2013 e março de 2014. O relatório está subordinado ao tema “A formação superior policial no âmbito da Cooperação Técnico- Policial portuguesa – O papel do ISCPSI na formação de oficiais dos PALOP”. O relatório encontra-se dividido em quatro capítulos: a Apresentação do Estágio, a Cooperação com os PALOP e a Formação Superior Policial, o Inquérito a ex-alunos dos PALOP do ISCPSI e as Conclusões e Recomendações. Este visa essencialmente caracterizar a participação do Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna (ISCPSI) na Cooperação Técnico-Policial e compreender o seu papel na formação superior policial no âmbito da cooperação com os Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP). Pretende-se analisar as ações de formação desenvolvidas pelo ISCPSI em contributo da formação de oficiais de polícia dos PALOP. Pretende-se igualmente realizar um inquérito aos ex-alunos do ISCPSI oriundos dos PALOP de modo a averiguar em que medida a formação ministrada pelo instituto teve ou continua a ter impacto na sua carreira profissional.

As 'conversas informais' extraprocessuais como meio de prova em processo penal

In the present thesis, we examine the approach to the so-called “informal conversations”, especially between a suspect or defendant and criminal police authorities. Our goal is to understand if criminal police authorities are allowed to testify about the content of these conversations, revealing facts that the suspect or defendant may have shared with them, as well as about evidence that they may have acquired through these statements. Firstly, we briefly present the notion of “informal conversations” and the great variety of situations they may encompass: intra or extra-procedural; prior or subsequent to someone acquires the status of defendant. Secondly, we analyse some of the principles and rules that are involved in this controversial issue: principles concerning the procedural structure, organization and dynamic; principles concerning the production and assessment of evidence in the trial hearing; principles concerning the prosecution and the powers of criminal police authorities; the procedural status of the defendant; the rules concerning the reading of statements in the trial hearing; the rules concerning hearsay testimonies. Thirdly, we go through the great amount of case law on the so-called “informal conversations” and related matters, analysing the most relevant cases and the arguments that sustain them, as well as the legal literature. Our goal is to understand the evolution, throughout the last two decades, of the different opinions regarding the approach to the various situations in which “informal conversations” may occur and in which the admissibility of a testimony by criminal police authorities is questioned. Finally, we defend a different approach for testimonies by criminal police authorities prior and subsequent to someone acquiring the status of defendant. We see the moment when someone acquires the status of defendant as a border area in the admissibility of “informal conversations”, because from then on the statements have to be collected and assessed according to the law, so all the other conversations (or any other evidence) collected informally are irrelevant. As to the specific case of the testimony about the re-enactment of the crime, given the high degree of difficulty in separating the defendant’s contributions that may be considered essential and those that may be considered less useful, but still relevant, we support the qualification of the defendant’s contributions as inseparable from the re-enactment, allowing it to be replicated and assessed in the trial hearing with no restrictions.

A abolição da dupla incriminação no mandado de detenção europeu

This essay presents the European Arrest Warrant and its relationship with the principle of double criminality, which was abolished in 2002 with the new Framework Decision (FD). This instrument was essential to implement the principle of mutual recognition and strengthen the police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters in the newly created space of freedom, security and justice. It was urgent to create mechanisms to combat cross-border crime, that alone States have struggled to counter. An analysis of the FD No 2002/584/JHA is made. The execution of warrants and the non-mandatory and optional grounds of refusal are studied in detail. As it is the implementation issue. The role of mutual recognition in practice is studied as well. The procedure is to introduce the principle of double criminality, to explain the concept and its abolition, warning for the consequences derived from them, related to the principle of legality and fundamental rights. The analysis of the European Arrest Warrant in practice in Portugal and in comparison with other Member States allows the measurement of the consequences from the abolition of dual criminality and the position of States on this measure. With the abolition of double criminality, the cooperation in judicial and criminal matters departs from what was intended by the European Council of Tampere. And without cooperation, fundamental rights of citizens are unprotected, so the states have to adopt measures to remedy the "failures" of the European Law.

O código de ser no Jornalismo: o jornalista como observador do mundo e as estórias como valorização da experiência humana

A passagem para o mundo digital não só reformulou as abordagens tradicionais dos media como reivindicou o olhar e a voz do jornalista, como ferramentas criativas e enriquecedoras dos conteúdos. A arte aproxima-se do jornalismo pelo elogio à atividade humana e pelo reconhecimento do poder simultaneamente documental e sensorial da imagem. A imparcialidade do jornalista e a superficialidade dos assuntos são compreendidas como um dos motivos do afastamento da sociedade pelo consumo de informação. Face a estas problemáticas, a cooperativa Bagabaga Studios propõe uma estrutura multidisciplinar, uma visão “divergente” e as “estórias como solução”. São analisadas as práticas criativas da cooperativa e do jornal Público, reconhecendo a “diferença” como característica indispensável do jornalista e solução da pobreza visual e homogeneidade do jornalismo atual.

Inteligência Geoespacial : seu impacto e contribuições nos modelos de gestão policial

Um dos mais graves problemas que se apresentam ao poder público em nossos dias é a manutenção da segurança pública, em especial, graças às mudanças sociais ocorridas após os anos 60 do século passado. Para fazer frente aos novos desafios, houve necessidade de uma mudança de paradigmas nos modelos de gestão policial. O policiamento era caracterizado por patrulhas dispostas de forma aleatória e de forma reativa, atendendo às ocorrências. Contudo, tal forma de atuar não respondia mais às necessidades das comunidades. Era necessário que a polícia se tornasse mais proativa, e dispusesse seus meios de uma forma mais eficiente. Paralelamente aos fenômenos anteriormente comentados, o mundo conheceu um rápido desenvolvimento das tecnologias de informação como um todo. Estes novos sistemas permitiram o desenvolvimento de uma nova capacidade de processamento de informações dos mais diversos tipos, numéricas, de texto, figuras e de localização. Este último tipo de dado, em razão de sua relevância levou a criação dos sistemas de Informação Geográficas (SIG), os quais permitiram um aprofundamento da análise espacial de fenômenos de interesse. Com o avançar das tecnologias disponíveis, foram possíveis análises cada vez mais complexas dos dados, sendo necessária a possibilidade de fusão entre dados de diversas fontes e tipos, incluindo o dado espacial. Este novo tipo de análise, unindo dados geoespaciais com diversos outros tipos de informações deu origem a uma nova modalidade de inteligência: a Geointeligência. Desta forma, tendo em vista que o crime é, por sua própria natureza, um evento espacialmente localizado, é natural que houvesse uma aproximação entre as necessidades de novos modelos de gestão policial, fundamentados principalmente em dados objetivamente analisados e na Geointeligência. Dessa aproximação surgiram diversos modelos de negócios de gestão de policiamento, dentre os quais se destacam o policiamento orientado ao problema (POP) e o policiamento orientado pela inteligência (ILP). Assim, o principal objetivo dessa dissertação é verificar como seu deu tal impacto, bem como, através de exemplos, demonstrar a aplicação prática da Geointeligência em modelos de gestão de policiamento.

A presunção de inocência nas fases preliminares do processo penal

This study analyses the principle of presumption of innocence in the preliminary stages of the Portuguese criminal process, its procedural aspect related with the principle of in dubio pro reo and its material aspect concerning the treatment of the defendant during the proceedings. The consequences and manifestations of the principle of presumption of innocence are analysed in the decisions of the closing stages of the preliminary criminal procedure and the application of the principle of in dubio pro reo is analysed in the judgement of sufficiency of evidence for the procedure to continue. It addresses the question of circumstantial evidence, its particular relevance in economic and financial crime, highly organized crime, the grounds for the indictment in general and when the sufficiency of evidence criteria is based on that evidence. It analyses the scope of the principle of presumption of innocence in the application of coercive measures, with reference to the arrest, first interrogation of the accused under detention and reasons for the subsequent dispatch about the measures. The asset assurance measures of preventive seizure and the preventive seizure to ensure confiscation are analysed and principle of presumption of innocence is considered non applicable to those measures.

Relatório de estágio no departamento central de investigação e acção penal

The means of obtaining evidence, the amount of evidence obtained, the number of defendants related to each criminal case and the gravity of the crimes for which the magistrates of the Department are holders of penal action, define its real importance to the Rule of Law. I have deeply studied the subject of the institution of hierarchical intervention required by the assistant and the application of an opening statement by the defendant, starting from a hypothetical case, provided when the query of an investigation with the subject of the crime of active corruption, where this institution was called as a reaction to the archiving dispatch delivered by the Public Ministry. I have study about the implementation of the institution of provisional suspension of the process, specifically in the scope of fiscal criminality, analyzing the effective satisfaction of the purposes of the sentences in two slopes: general prevention and special prevention. I went for my first time to a Central Court of Criminal Instruction, where I attended the measures of inquiry and instructive debate of a process that culminated with the prosecution and pronunciation of the defendants. In addition to this criminal experience, I have deepened and consolidated the academic knowledge with the study of various criminal cases from various fields in the scope of criminality investigated by the Department. I could therefore check the basis of procedural delays, regarding to our legal system, especially in this type of crime, raising issues that I analyzed and discussed, always in a critical and academic way. I had the opportunity to attend and witness a seminar in the Lisbon Directorate of Finance as well of entering the Centre for Judicial Studies to attend a conference on the International Anti-Corruption Day. Focus on the investigatory importance of the international judicial cooperation, through the various organs, with special interest to EUROJUST. I comprehended the organization and functioning of these communitarian organs and means of communication of procedural acts, in particular, the rogatory letters and european arrest warrants. This involvement is motivated by the moratorium factor of the investigations where rogatory letters are necessary for the acquisition of evidence or information relevant to the good continuation of the process. For this reason the judicial cooperation through the relevant communitarian organs, translates a streamlined response between the competent judicial authorities of the Member States, through the National Member that integrates EUROJUST. This report aims to highlight some of the difficulties and procedural issues that Public Prosecutors of DCIAP and criminal police bodies that assist them, face in combating violent and organized crime, of national and transnational nature, of particular complexity, according to the specifics of criminal types.

O regime penal das imunidades dos titulares dos órgãos políticos de soberania

Portugal is one of the countries that has a constitutional regime of immunity. This protects certain individuals in political positions from prosecution under the law. These individuals are said to have a privileged status when compared to ordinary citizens. The purpose of this study is to examine the immunities enjoyed by President, the members of Parliament and the government ministers. The regime of immunities can be found to generate a certain sense of injustice and feelings of mistrust since the individual can not, albeit temporarily, be held criminally responsible for criminal conduct. It is urgent, therefore, to find a consistent justification with the principles and values of the Criminal Law. The Parliament is the place of the exercise of democratic power and, therefore, a member of Parliament assumes a central position in parliamentary activity. For this reason, it will be necessary to determine analysis to determine the meaning the prerogative of criminal irresponsibility. One question that must be asked is to know how the dogmatic plan that the immunities of the political organs of sovereignty must be seen.