910 resultados para Barn owl.


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El artículo forma parte de una sección dedicada a Psicología Clínica y de la Salud

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Analizar la situación del menor y buscar las respuestas integradoras partiendo de dos elementos básicos: la familia y el entorno, como respuestas a la necesidad de convivencia para la realización personal y social. Exponer el trabajo de las Hijas de la Caridad con menores en el Hogar Infantil de Jaén. El 31 de diciembre de 1988 el número de resientes en el centro ascendía a 120 niños; 67 eran varones, y 53 chicas. Se observa niños de 0 a 6 años cuya familia se encuentra en situación de crisis temporal; abandono o ausencia familiar; de emergencia familiar o social; y sea aconsejable su internamiento transitorio - o hasta la culminacion del proceso de su adopción o acogimiento. Los datos obtenidos del Archivo de las Hijas de la Caridad, y de las memorias del Hogar Infantil. El análisis de los datos de los residentes, los cuadros, tablas y gráficos. A pesar de los cambios realizados en el Hogar Infantil y las alternativas ofrecidas por los Servicios Sociales, el funcionamiento sigue presentando insuficiencia de calidad educativa. Las Hijas de la Caridad colaboran en la atención educativa, sanitaria,comunitaria, familiar etc para conseguir un hombre más completo e insertado en la sociedad.

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Afrontamos el reto de innovar en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Parasitología diseñando una metodología adaptada al nuevo enfoque del EESS, buscando: la participación activa del estudiante, la adquisición y evaluación de competencias y la retroalimentación. Las enseñanzas prácticas de la Parasitología son deficitarias en recogida de muestras y sin embargo estas funciones las realizan nuestros egresados. El modelo de enseñanza/aprendizaje que proponemos supone la realización de tareas fuera de las aulas, proporcionando a los alumnos experiencias de aprendizaje enriquecedoras. Acercamos a los alumnos al entorno de los parásitos y buscamos su competentencia en la toma de muestras en diferentes contextos

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La coordinació i assignació de tasques en entorns distribuïts ha estat un punt important de la recerca en els últims anys i aquests temes són el cor dels sistemes multi-agent. Els agents en aquests sistemes necessiten cooperar i considerar els altres agents en les seves accions i decisions. A més a més, els agents han de coordinar-se ells mateixos per complir tasques complexes que necessiten més d'un agent per ser complerta. Aquestes tasques poden ser tan complexes que els agents poden no saber la ubicació de les tasques o el temps que resta abans de que les tasques quedin obsoletes. Els agents poden necessitar utilitzar la comunicació amb l'objectiu de conèixer la tasca en l'entorn, en cas contrari, poden perdre molt de temps per trobar la tasca dins de l'escenari. De forma similar, el procés de presa de decisions distribuït pot ser encara més complexa si l'entorn és dinàmic, amb incertesa i en temps real. En aquesta dissertació, considerem entorns amb sistemes multi-agent amb restriccions i cooperatius (dinàmics, amb incertesa i en temps real). En aquest sentit es proposen dues aproximacions que permeten la coordinació dels agents. La primera és un mecanisme semi-centralitzat basat en tècniques de subhastes combinatòries i la idea principal es minimitzar el cost de les tasques assignades des de l'agent central cap als equips d'agents. Aquest algoritme té en compte les preferències dels agents sobre les tasques. Aquestes preferències estan incloses en el bid enviat per l'agent. La segona és un aproximació d'scheduling totalment descentralitzat. Això permet als agents assignar les seves tasques tenint en compte les preferències temporals sobre les tasques dels agents. En aquest cas, el rendiment del sistema no només depèn de la maximització o del criteri d'optimització, sinó que també depèn de la capacitat dels agents per adaptar les seves assignacions eficientment. Addicionalment, en un entorn dinàmic, els errors d'execució poden succeir a qualsevol pla degut a la incertesa i error de accions individuals. A més, una part indispensable d'un sistema de planificació és la capacitat de re-planificar. Aquesta dissertació també proveeix una aproximació amb re-planificació amb l'objectiu de permetre als agent re-coordinar els seus plans quan els problemes en l'entorn no permeti la execució del pla. Totes aquestes aproximacions s'han portat a terme per permetre als agents assignar i coordinar de forma eficient totes les tasques complexes en un entorn multi-agent cooperatiu, dinàmic i amb incertesa. Totes aquestes aproximacions han demostrat la seva eficiència en experiments duts a terme en l'entorn de simulació RoboCup Rescue.

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1. Introducción. 2. La élite de la Sierra Norcentral en busca de un camino al mar. 3. Pedro Vicente Maldonado el nuevo empresario vial (s.XVIII). 4. El Barón de Carondelet el camino a Malbucho.

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Presenta las reseñas de los siguientes libros: MONTÚFAR, CÉSAR. HACIA UNA TEORÍA DE LA ASISTENCIA INTERNACIONAL PARA EL DESARROLLO. UN ANÁLISIS DESDE SU RETÓRICA, CENTRO ANDINO DE ESTUDIOS INTERNACIONALES, UNIVERSIDAD ANDINA SIMÓN BOLÍVAR, SEDE ECUADOR/CORPORACIÓN EDITORA NACIONAL, QUITO, 2002, 264 PP. -- INTEGRACIÓN y SUPRANACIONALIDAD. SOBERANÍA y DERECHO COMUNITARIO EN LOS PAÍSES ANDINOS, SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE LA COMUNIDAD ANDINA y PROGRAMA DE COOPERACIÓN ANDINA A BOLIVIA, PCAB, LIMA, 2001, 234 PP. -- MARIO GUERRERO MURGUEYTIO, EL ECUADOR EN LA CUENCA DEL PACÍFICO: POLÍTICA y PRESENCIA, MINISTERIO DE RELACIONES EXTERIORES DE LA REPÚBLICA DEL ECUADOR, QUITO, 2001, 401 PP. -- KLARE, MICHAEL T., RESOURCE WARS: THE NEW LANDSCAPE OF GLOBAL CONFLICT, METROPOLITAN OWL BOOK. HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY, N.Y., 2002, 289 PP.

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Forestry and other activities are increasing in the boreal mixedwood of Alberta, with a concomitant decrease in older forest. The Barred Owl (Strix varia) is an old-growth indicator species in some jurisdictions in North America. Hence, we radio-tagged Barred Owls in boreal mixedwood in Alberta to determine whether harvesting influenced habitat selection. We used three spatial scales: nest sites, i.e., nest tree and adjacent area of 11.7 m radius around nests, nesting territory of 1000 m radius around nests, and home range locations within 2000 m radius of the home range center. Barred Owls nested primarily in balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera) snags > 34 cm dbh and nest trees were surrounded by large, > 34 cm dbh, balsam poplar trees and snags. Nesting territories contained a variety of habitats including young < 80-yr-old, deciduous-dominated stands, old deciduous and coniferous-dominated stands, treed bogs, and recent clear-cuts. However, when compared to available habitat in the study area, they were more likely to contain old conifer-dominated stands and recent cutblocks. We assumed this is because all of the recent harvest occurred in old stands, habitat preferred by the owls. When compared with random sites, locations used for foraging and roosting at the home range scale were more likely to be in young deciduous-dominated stands, old conifer-dominated stands and cutblocks > 30 yr old, and less likely to occur in old deciduous-dominated stands and recent cutblocks. Hence, although recent clearcuts occurred in territories, birds avoided these microhabitats during foraging. To meet the breeding requirements of Barred Owls in managed forests, 10–20 ha patches of old deciduous and mixedwood forest containing large Populus snags or trees should be maintained. In our study area, nest trees had a minimum dbh of 34 cm. Although cut areas were incorporated into home ranges, the amount logged was low, i.e., 7%, in our area. Hence more research is required to determine harvest levels tolerated by owls over the long term.

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Although mortality of birds from collisions with vehicles is estimated to be in the millions in the USA, Europe, and the UK, to date, no estimates exist for Canada. To address this, we calculated an estimate of annual avian mortality attributed to vehicular collisions during the breeding and fledging season, in Canadian ecozones, by applying North American literature values for avian mortality to Canadian road networks. Because owls are particularly susceptible to collisions with vehicles, we also estimated the number of roadkilled Barn owls (Tyto alba) in its last remaining range within Canada. (This species is on the IUCN red list and is also listed federally as threatened; Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada 2010, International Union for the Conservation of Nature 2012). Through seven Canadian studies in existence, 80 species and 2,834 specimens have been found dead on roads representing species from 14 orders of birds. On Canadian 1 and 2-lane paved roads outside of major urban centers, the unadjusted number of bird mortalities/yr during an estimated 4-mo (122-d) breeding and fledging season for most birds in Canada was 4,650,137 on roads traversing through deciduous, coniferous, cropland, wetlands and nonagricultural landscapes with less than 10% treed area. On average, this represents 1,167 birds killed/100 km in Canada. Adjusted for scavenging, this estimate was 13,810,906 (3,462 dead birds/100 km). For barn owls, the unadjusted number of birds killed annually on 4-lane roads during the breeding and fledging season, within the species geographic range in southern British Columbia, was estimated as 244 owls and, when adjusted for scavenging and observer bias (3.6 factor), the total was 851 owls.

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Restrictions in technology have limited past habitat selection studies for many species to the home-range level, as a finer-scale understanding was often not possible. Consequently, these studies may not identify the true mechanism driving habitat selection patterns, which may influence how such results are applied in conservation. We used GPS dataloggers with digital video recorders to identify foraging modes and locations in which endangered Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) captured prey. We measured the coarse and fine-scale characteristics of vegetation at locations in which owls searched for, versus where they caught, vertebrate prey. Most prey items were caught using hover-hunting. Burrowing Owls searched for, and caught, vertebrate prey in all cover types, but were more likely to kill prey in areas with sparse and less dense vegetative cover. Management strategies designed to increase Burrowing Owl foraging success in the Canadian prairies should try to ensure a mosaic of vegetation heights across cover types.

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The interactions among the multiple factors regulating predator-prey relationships make predation a more complex process than previously thought. The degree to which substandard individuals are captured disproportionately seems to be better a function of the difficulty of prey capture than of the hunting techniques (coursing vs. ambushing predators). That is, when the capture and killing of a prey species is easy, substandard individuals will be predated in proportion to their occurrence in the prey population. In the present study, we made use of eagle owls Bubo bubo and their main prey, the rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus: (a) the brightness of the white tails of rabbits seems to be correlated with the physical condition of individuals, (b) by using the tails of predated rabbits as an index of individual condition, we found that eagle owls seem to prefer substandard individuals (characterized by duller tails), and (c) by using information from continuous radiotracking of 14 individuals, we suggest that the difficulty of rabbit capture could be low. Although the relative benefits of preying on substandard individuals should considerably decrease when a predator is attacking an easy prey, we hypothesise that the eagle owl preference for substandard individuals could be due to the easy detection of poor individuals by a visual cue, the brightness of the rabbit tail. Several elements allow us to believe that this form of visual communication between a prey and one of its main predators could be more widespread than previously thought. In fact: (a) visual signalling plays a relevant role in intraspecific communication in eagle owls and, consequently, visual signals could also play a role in interspecific interactions, and (b) empirical studies showed that signals may inform the predator that it has been perceived, or that the prey is in a sufficiently healthy state to elude the predator.