608 resultados para Forno de microondas


Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Titanium and its alloys have been used for biomedical applications due their excellent properties such as high corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and mechanical properites. In this study, microstructural and mechanical properties of Ti-30Ta alloy was evaluated during its processing. Ti-30Ta alloy ingots were produced from sheets of commercially pure titanium (99.9%) and tantalum (99.9%). Its melting was realized in arc melting furnace in an argon atmosphere. After homogenizing at 1200ºC, ingots were cold worked by swaging. Samples with 13 mm in diameter were obtained. They were forging at the reduction ratios of 15%. After deformation, microstructure was evaluated by optical microscopy in each condition. Also, Vickers microhardness of samples was measured and phase constitution was evaluated using XRD analysis

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper is proposed the usage of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) along with waste heat recovery from an inconstant heat source. This method of waste heat recovery with intermittent heat source is part of a technical viability study. This paper also brings up the usage of thermal energy storage as heat source for the ORC. This paper is based on a heat treatment company study in which a natural gas furnace is explored. Data such as mass flow, temperature and specific waste gas heat from this furnace are used through calculations. Calculations are made also based on furnace cycles. This viability study considers a series of working fluids such as ammonia, benzene, R113 and R134a. Results point out that ORC with out thermal storage and using refrigerant fluid ammonia is the best alternative

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A determinação de fósforo em amostras de rações e fezes de peixes por espectrometria no visível e de selênio em amostras vegetais de cultura orgânica por espectrometria de absorção atômica em forno de grafite (GFAAS) representa o foco principal do trabalho desenvolvido. O fósforo e o selênio são macro e micronutrientes importantes para a nutrição vegetal e animal, no entanto, se utilizados sem um controle adequado podem poluir o solo e os recursos hídricos, atingindo todo o meio ambiente. Dessa forma, foram desenvolvidos métodos para extração dos analitos que diminuíram significativamente os resíduos químicos produzidos nas determinações de rotina feitas na área de nutrição de plantas e de piscicultura. No caso do fósforo foram otimizados parâmetros físico-químicos para extração desse elemento por ultra-som e posterior quantificação por espectrofotometria no visível. No caso do selênio foram otimizados parâmetros físico-químicos para amostragem em suspensão (slurry) e determinação direta por GFAAS. Os principais parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados e otimizados foram: granulometria da amostra sólida, tempo e potência de sonificação, soluções extratoras, agentes surfactantes para estabilização do slurry; temperatura de pirólise e atomização, tipos de modificadores químicos e volume de amostragem nas determinações de selênio por GFAAS e tempo de reação e relação ao agente cromogênico/volume de amostra nas determinações espectrofotométricas de fósforo. O método de extração por ultra-som foi aplicado na determinação de fósforo biodisponível em amostras de rações de peixes e o método de amostragem em suspensão para a determinação de selênio em amostras de vegetais orgânicos

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

O rápido crescimento do mercado de dispositivos eletrônicos portáteis, com aplicações em diferentes áreas (telecomunicações, medicina, engenharia), criou uma grande demanda por fontes de potência compactas leves e, sobretudo, de baixo custo. Essa demanda levou ao desenvolvimento de tecnologia de filmes finos nanoestruturados para a obtenção de componentes eletroeletrônicos, por exemplo, memórias de computador. Estes dispositivos são empregados em “notebooks”, circuitos integrados, telefones celulares. O estudo de cristalização de filmes finos ferroelétricos nanoestruturados será feito através da cristalização induzida por rotas convencionais tal como cristalização em forno mufla. A modulação entre os diferentes cátions (Pb, Ca e Ba) para formar o sistema Pb1-x(Ca,Ba)xTiO3 serão analisadas, visando obter filmes com propriedades compatíveis para uso em memórias ferroelétricas. Para isso, os filmes finos serão depositados em substratos adequados controlando-se a homogeneidade química, a microestrutura e a interação filme-substrato

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The objective of the present work was to evaluate surface of experimental alloy Ti-7.5Mo after hydrothermal treatment. Ingots were obtained in arc melting furnace under an argon atmosphere and then homogenized under vacuum at 1100ºC for 86.4 ks to eliminate chemical segregation and after cold worked discs were cutting and grinding. For surface treatment, samples were immersed in a container with NaOH aqueous solution 5M, autoclaved, washed with distilled water. Followed, samples were heat treated and they were soaking in 5xSBF to form an apatite layer on the surface. Surfaces were investigated by, scanning electron microscopy, X-Rays powder diffraction, atomic force microscopy and contact angle, in order to evaluate the wettability of the alloy surface. The results were compared with our previous studies using the group of chemical surface treatments and results shows better condition is 120 minutes in the autoclave

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

As they have excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, much research has been conducted with respect to biomedical applications of titanium alloys. This work aims to study the experimental system binary alloy Ti-15Mo, in the raw state of fusion and heat treatment after homogenization, solubilization and calcination (simulating conditions employed for nanotube growth) targeting biomedical applications. Samples were obtained by casting the components in an electric arc furnace with inert atmosphere of argon. After obtaining the alloy, it was heat treated at three different heat treatments, namely homogenizing, calcining and simulation solubilization. The phases present were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and microhardness testing

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Titanium and its alloys has been widely used as materials for metallic biomaterials implants are usually employed to restore the hard tissue function, being used for artificial joints and bones, synthetic plates, crowns, dental implants and screws . Objective of this work was the surface modification of Ti-alloy 25Ta from biomimetic surface treatment of employment and deposition of polymer by electrospinning. The league was obtained from the fusion of the pure elements in the arc furnace with controlled atmosphere. The ingots were subjected to heat treatment, cold forged and sectioned discs with 13 mm diameter and 3 mm thick. Two surface treatments was evaluated, biomimetic and electrospinning with PCL fiber. The biomimetic treatment was performed involving alkaline treatment for three molarities 1.5M, 3M and 5M with immersion in SBF. The electrospinning was performed using PCL polymer alloy surface after the alkali treatment Ti25Ta 1M. For this group the polymer coated surfaces were immersed in calcium phosphate containing solution for immobilization of apatite. The results were compared with previous studies using surface treatment group to verify hydroxyapatite formation on the sample surface and it is concluded that the best condition is biomimetic treatment with 5M alkali treatment and heat treatment at 80 ° C for 72 hours

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The need for development of new materials is a natural process in the companies’ technological point of view, seeking improvements in materials and processes. Specifically, among the materials, ceramic exhibit valuable properties, especially the covalent ceramics which have excellent properties for applications which requires the abrasion resistance, hardness, high temperatures, resistence, etc. being a material that has applications in several areas. Most studies are related to improvement of properties, specially fracture toughness that allows the expansion of its application. Among the most promising ceramic materials are silicon nitride (Si3N4) which has excellent properties. The goal of this work was the development and caracterization of Si3N4-based ceramics, doped with yttrium oxide (Y2O3), rar earth concentrate (CTR2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) in the same proportion for the evaluation of properties. The powders' mixtures were homogenized, dried and compressed under pressure uniaxial and isostatic. Sintering was carried out in 1850 ⁰C under pressure of 0,1MPa N2 for 1 h with a heating rate of 25 ⁰C / min and cooling in the furnace inertia. The characterizations were performed using Archimedes principle to relative density, weight loss by measuring before and after sintering, phase analysis by X-ray diffraction, microstructure by scanning electron microscope (SEM), hardness and fracture toughness by the method Vickers indentation. The results obtained showed relative density of 97-98%, Vickers hardness 17 to 19 GPa, fracture toughness 5.6 to 6.8 MPa.m1/2, with phases varying from α-SiAlON and β-Si3N4 depending the types of additives used. The results are promising for tribological applications and can be defined according to the types of additives to be used

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The process of steel production emits a large quantity of greenhouse gases, specifically carbon dioxide (CO2), and the reduction of such emissions is one of the main challenges for the industry in the 21st. Century. To quantify these emissions, the Worldsteel Association (association of the 170 large steel manufacturers of the world) published a methodology (CO2 Emission Data Collection) for calculation and comparison of CO2 emissions among its members. After that, in 2010, this methodology became an ISO (International Organization for Standardization) norm. Today, the calculation of the CO2 emissions in steel making companies follow the ISO 14404-1 for units with blast furnaces and the ISO 14404-2 for units with electric furnaces. In the last years, new technologies were and continue to be developed for the steel making sector aiming at energetic improvements and greenhouse gas reductions (mainly CO2) by the several processes involved in the production of steel. This work had the objective of producing a tool to calculate the CO2 emissions for the steel making sector. An Excel spreadsheet was developed to calculate the emission intensities of CO2 of a steel plant, the Usina Presidente Vargas, of the Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN). The spreadsheet furnishes results of CO2 emissions and energetic fluxes, and simulates the benefits that some of the new technologies can give to the company. The spreadsheet calculates the emissions in two ways: a) based on the carbon fluxes that enter the unit, and b) based on the emissions of each specific process within the unit (coking, sinterization, blast furnace, among others)

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A necessidade de fazer com que haja um aumento no consumo de hortaliças se faz crescente no mundo inteiro, isso porque esta é uma fonte rica em micronutrientes e macronutrientes, além de não agregar muito valor calórico na dieta e ser um alimento acessível para todas as classes econômicas. Entretanto, no Brasil, é verificado que a porcentagem da população que consome diariamente o recomendado de hortaliças e frutas ainda não atingiu o ideal para que se possa obter os benefícios trazidos do consumo, como a prevenção de algumas doenças não transmissíveis, através da dieta. Por isso, a necessidade de se estudar maneiras diferentes de cozimento das hortaliças, para que se torne possível preparar os vegetais de maneiras diferentes e torná-los mais atrativos, garantindo a melhor forma de fazê-los, para que se escolha o tratamento que melhor conserva o conteúdo de compostos bioativos. Para esse estudo foram considerados dois vegetais de grande importância, o espinafre (SpinaciaoleraceaL.) e a chicória (ChicoriumintybusL.), que foram submetidos a quatro tratamentos de cozimentos dististintos, a 100°C, no vapor, no microondas e no óleo, para cada tratamento foi avaliado parâmetros de cor, análise de sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, determinação de ácido ascórbico, determinação de fenólicos e flavonoides totais, avaliação da atividade sequestrante de radicais livres (DPPH e ABTS) e carotenoides. Os resultados obtidos foram bastante diversificados, ou seja, para cada teste desenvolvido houve uma retenção maior do composto bioativo estudado em determinado cozimento preparado, entretanto o tratamento realizado a 100°C foi o tratamento que obteve menor retenção dos compostos bioativos entre os testes realizados.