“¡Pero al fin y al cabo muñecas!”: Tránsitos, genitalidades y nombramientos en las trayectorias de vida de mujeres transexuales en ejercicio de prostitución en Bogotá

El presente trabajo comprende la construcción de las trayectorias de vida de cinco mujeres transexuales en ejercicio de prostitución en Bogotá a partir de la identificación de los desplazamientos en el terreno corporal, de auto-reconocimiento y de genitalidad en sus procesos de transformación y/o tránsito dentro del espacio generizado. La identificación de lo que he denominado “agentes de transformación específicos” y “condiciones de posibilidad existentes” guía el proceso de la caracterización y análisis de sus experiencias dentro de la(s) transexualidad(es). A diferencia de una línea cronológica o de avance en el tránsito, la noción de espacio generizado me permite reconocer la importancia de las diferencias, la complejidad y la variedad de velocidades y direcciones que pueden presentarse en las experiencias con el cuerpo.

O percebe de Cabo Verde (Pollicipes caboverdensis): desafios para a sua gestão e conservação.

Até 2010, considerava-se que apenas existia uma espécie de percebe (Crustacea: Cirripedia) no Oceano Atlântico, Pollicipes pollicipes, cuja área de distribuição incluía Cabo Verde. Em 2010, a população de percebes de Cabo Verde foi considerada uma espécie nova, Pollicipes caboverdensis. Esta espécie é endémica de Cabo Verde e, tal como a sua congénere atlântica, é um recurso explorado pelo Homem e tem valor comercial considerável. Não existem dados estatísticos oficiais sobre a pesca do percebe em Cabo Verde e são poucos os estudos sobre P. caboverdensis. Neste trabalho apresentamos os resultados de um estudo sobre a pesca do percebe na ilha de Santiago (Cabo Verde), tendo sido realizados inquéritos a pescadores da ilha de Santiago em junho de 2014. Foram entrevistados doze pescadores das seguintes localidades: Tarrafal, Rincão, Ribeira da Barca e Santa Cruz. Segundo os inquéritos realizados, o esforço de pesca do percebe em Santiago é bastante variável, tendo os apanhadores referido que podem apanhar entre 4 a 10 kg de percebe por dia e por apanhador. O preço de primeira venda do percebe em Santiago variou entre 300 e 1000 escudos cabo-verdianos (entre cerca de 2,7 e 9 euros) por kg. O resultado mais preocupante deste estudo é a perceção negativa que os apanhadores de Santiago têm sobre a evolução do estado do percebe nos últimos 5 anos. A larga maioria destes apanhadores referiu que a quantidade e o tamanho do percebe diminuíram entre 2010 e 2014. São também apresentados os desafios que se colocam à gestão desta pesca e à conservação desta espécie, bem como uma comparação com a problemática da gestão da apanha do percebe (P. pollicipes) em Portugal continental e Espanha.

Rice grain yield as affected by grain-producing cover crops in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of biomass and grain cover crops, yield components, and grain yield of rice in Mozambique. The study was conducted in two sites located in the province of Cabo Delgado, in Mozambique.

PLANO DE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: ALGUMAS DIRETRIZES PARA O MUNICÍPIO DO CABO DE SANTO AGOSTINHO/PE

O discurso cotidiano repetido nas últimas décadas é o de como a produção de lixo nos diferentes espaços aumentou. Com isso, vários problemas inerentes a administração dos resíduos interferem na conservação dos recursos naturais. Diante desta problemática ambiental, destinar efetivamente os resíduos sólidos é garantir alguns anos de sobrevivência para tais recursos com também à população que necessita utilizá-los. Este trabalho sugere diretrizes à elaboração de um Plano de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos para o município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho/PE. O estudo é descritivo e comparativo e os dados são avaliados qualitativamente. Para sua realização fez-se necessário levantamento dos principais conceitos inerentes como também a caracterização geográfica, histórica e ambiental do município. Além disso, foi feita a busca de dados na Prefeitura Municipal e a elaboração das diretrizes do plano propriamente dito, comparando a realidade com os dados colhidos. O município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho possui um diagnóstico dos resíduos sólidos, no entanto o Plano de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos ainda não foi feito. O aumento da produção do lixo se tornou um tema preocupante e, o correto armazenamento e destino final dos resíduos produzidos, são urgentes.

PLANO DE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: ALGUMAS DIRETRIZES PARA O MUNICÍPIO DO CABO DE SANTO AGOSTINHO/PE

O discurso cotidiano repetido nas últimas décadas é o de como a produção de lixo nos diferentes espaços aumentou. Com isso, vários problemas inerentes a administração dos resíduos interferem na conservação dos recursos naturais. Diante desta problemática ambiental, destinar efetivamente os resíduos sólidos é garantir alguns anos de sobrevivência para tais recursos com também à população que necessita utilizá-los. Este trabalho sugere diretrizes à elaboração de um Plano de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos para o município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho/PE. O estudo é descritivo e comparativo e os dados são avaliados qualitativamente. Para sua realização fez-se necessário levantamento dos principais conceitos inerentes como também a caracterização geográfica, histórica e ambiental do município. Além disso, foi feita a busca de dados na Prefeitura Municipal e a elaboração das diretrizes do plano propriamente dito, comparando a realidade com os dados colhidos. O município do Cabo de Santo Agostinho possui um diagnóstico dos resíduos sólidos, no entanto o Plano de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos ainda não foi feito. O aumento da produção do lixo se tornou um tema preocupante e, o correto armazenamento e destino final dos resíduos produzidos, são urgentes.

Systematic variations in polymer gel dosimeter calibration due to container influence and deviations from water equivalence

There are a number of gel dosimeter calibration methods in contemporary usage. The present study is a detailed Monte Carlo investigation into the accuracy of several calibration techniques. Results show that for most arrangements the dose to gel accurately reflects the dose to water, with the most accurate method involving the use of a large diameter flask of gel into which multiple small fields of varying dose are directed. The least accurate method was found to be that of a long test tube in a water phantom, coaxial with the beam. The large flask method is also the most straightforward and least likely to introduce errors during setup, though, to its detriment, the volume of gel required is much more than other methods.

Are we there yet? Early years reform in Queensland : stakeholder perspectives on the introduction of funded preschool programs in long day care services

Australian educators are currently engaging with wide-ranging, national early childhood reform that is reshaping early childhood education and care. The Australian reform agenda reflects many of the early childhood policy directions championed by bodies such as the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and the United Nations Children's Education Fund, and is based on the dual discourse of (i) starting strong and (ii) investing in the early years. However, despite its traction in policy rhetoric and policy there is little empirical evidence of how reform is being played out. This paper reports on research undertaken in collaboration with the Queensland Office for Early Childhood Education and Care to generate sector feedback on one element of the reform agenda, the implementation of universal preschool in Queensland. The study aimed to determine the efficacy of the new policy in supporting the provision of 'approved preschool programs' within long day care services. Drawing together the views and experiences of a range of stakeholders, including peak organisations, service providers, directors, preschool teachers and government policy officers, it provides a situated case study of the implementation of universal preschool, and offers empirical evidence of how this policy is being played out at the local level. The paper identifies the opportunities and challenges in implementing universal preschool in Queensland that may have bearing on early childhood reform in Australia as well as other countries. Discussion of key findings is set within an overview of the ECEC policy agenda in Australia, with a particular focus on the commitment to universal preschool. Les éducateurs australiens s’engagent présentement dans une vaste réforme nationale de la petite enfance qui remodèle l'éducation et l’accueil de la petite enfance. Le programme de la réforme australienne reflète plusieurs des orientations en politique de la petite enfance soutenues par des organismes comme l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) et le Fonds des Nations Unies pour les enfants (UNICEF). Il s’appuie sur le double discours de (i) un bon départ et de (ii) l’investissement dans les premières années. Cependant, en dépit de son attrait en rhétorique de politique et en politique il y a peu de données empiriques sur la façon dont la réforme se déroule. Cet article rend compte de la recherche entreprise en collaboration avec le bureau de l'éducation et l’accueil à la petite enfance du Queensland afin d’obtenir une rétroaction du secteur sur un élément de la réforme, la mise sur pied du préscolaire universel dans le Queensland. L'étude visait à déterminer l'efficacité de la nouvelle politique pour soutenir la disposition «programmes préscolaires approuvés» dans les services de garde à temps plein. En regroupant les perspectives et les expériences d'une gamme d’intervenants, y compris d’importantes organisations, des prestataires de service, des directeurs, des enseignants du préscolaire et des fonctionnaires de politique gouvernementale, elle constitue une étude de cas localisée de l'exécution la mise sur pied du préscolaire universel, et fournit des données empiriques sur la façon dont cette politique se met en place au niveau local. L’article identifie les opportunités et les défis liés à l’implantation du préscolaire universel au Queensland, qui pourraient avoir une portée sur la réforme de petite enfance en Australie ainsi que dans d'autres pays. La discussion des principaux résultats est faite en lien avec un aperçu global de la politique d'éducation et d’accueil de la petite enfance en Australie, avec un accent particulier sur l'engagement envers le préscolaire universel. Los educadores australianos actualmente están involucrados en una amplia reforma de la educación temprana nacional que está revolucionando la educación preescolar y los servicios de cuidado. El programa de reforma Australiana refleja muchas de las direcciones políticas relacionadas con la infancia temprana incitadas por organismos como la Organización de Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos y el Fondo Educacional Infantil de las Naciones Unidas, y se basa en el doble discurso de (i) empezando fuertemente e (ii) invertir en los primeros años. Sin embargo, a pesar de su política de tracción en retórica y política, hay pocos datos empíricos de cómo la reforma se está llevando a cabo. Este documento informa sobre las investigaciones llevadas a cabo en colaboración con la Oficina de Queensland de Educación tempana y cuidados, para generar comentarios del sector, sobre uno de los elementos de la agenda de reforma, la aplicación del preescolar universal en Queensland. El estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la eficacia de la nueva política para apoyar la prestación de "programas preescolares aprovados" dentro se los servicios de guardería y cuidado. Reuniendo los puntos de vista y las experiencias de una serie de interesados, entre ellos algunas organizaciones cumbre, proveedores de servicios, los directores, los maestros preescolares y oficiales de política y gobierno, se logra un estudio simulado de la implementación del preescolar universal, y ofrece evidencia empírica de cómo esta política se está llevando a cabo en el plano local. El documento identifica las oportunidades y desafíos en la implementación del preescolar universal en Queensland, que puede repercutir en la reforma de la indancia temprana en Australia, así como en otros países. La discusión de los resultados claves se encuentra en el interior de una visión de la agenda política de ECEC en Australia, con un enfoque particular en el compromiso con el preescolar universal.

Microwave plasma discharge produced and sustained by the surface wave propagating along a metal wire

A theoretical model of the plasma discharge in a metal cylinder pumped by an operating gas of an arbitrary nature is presented. The ionization is carried out by the surface wave (SW) propagating along a coaxial metal wire. The model includes the local dispersion relation, the energy balance equation, and the relation between the absorbed power per unit length and the local plasma density. Two typical regimes of the discharge are analyzed. In both regimes the axial and radial profiles of the plasma density of the electromagnetic field components and of the SW intensity are obtained. The possible use of the obtained results in plasma technology are discussed.

Studies on low-intensity oxy-fuel burner

This paper presents experimental and computational results of oxy-fuel burner operating on classical flame and lameless mode for heat release rate of 26 kW/m3. The uniqueness of the burner arises from a slight asymmetric injection of oxygen at near sonic velocities. Measurements of emperature, species, total heat flux, radiative heat flux and NOx emission were carried out inside the furnace and the flow field was computationally analyzed. The flame studies were carried out for coaxial flow of oxygen and fuel jets with similar inlet velocities. This configuration results in slow mixing between fuel and oxygen and the flame is developed at distance away from the burner and the flame is bright/white in colour. In the flameless mode a slight asymmetric injection of the high velocity oxygen jet leads to a large asymmetric recirculation pattern with the recirculation ratio of 25 and the resulting flame is weak bluish in colour with little soot and acetylene formation. The classical flame in comparison is characterised by soot and acetylene formation, higher NOx and noise generation. The distribution of temperature and heat flux in the furnace is more uniform with flameless mode than with flame mode.

A technique for steady-state polarisation of stationary solid electrodes and its applications

A new technique has been devised to achieve a steady-state polarisation of a stationary electrode with a helical shaft rotating coaxial to it. A simplified theory for the convective hydrodynamics prevalent under these conditions has been formulated. Experimental data are presented to verify the steady-state character of the current-potential curves and the predicted dependence of the limiting current on the rotation speed of the rotor, the bulk concentration of the depolariser and the viscosity of the solution. Promising features of the multiple-segment electrodes concentric to a central disc electrode are pointed out.

Formative time lags in nitrogen, oxygen and dry air In crossed electric and magnetic fields

Formative time lags in nitrogen, oxygen, and dry air are measured with and without a magnetic field over a range of gas pressures (0.05 ' p ' 20.2 torr 5 kPa to 2 MPa, electric field strengths (1.8xO14 EEs 60xlO V m l) and magnetic field strengths (85xl0-4 < B ' 16x10-2 Tesla). For experiments below the Paschen minimum, the electrodes are designed to ensure that breakdown occurs over longer gaps and for experiments above the Paschen minimum, a coaxial cylindrical system is employed. The experimental technique consists of applying pulse voltages to the gap at various constant values of E/p and B/p and measuring the time lags from which the formative time lags are separated. In the gases studed, formative time lags decrease on application of a magnetic field at a given pressure for conditions below the Paschen minimum. The voltages at which the formative time lags remain the same without and with magnetic fields are determined, and electron molecule collision frequencies (v/p) are determined using the Effective Reduced Electric Field [EREF] concept. With increasing ratio of E/p in crossed fields, v/p decreases in all the three gases. Measurements above the Paschen minimum yield formative time lags which increase on application of a magnetic field. Formative time lags in nitrogen in ExB fields are calculated assuming an average collision frequency of 8.5x109 sec-1 torr 1. It is concluded that the EREF concept can be applied to explain formative time lags in ExB fields.

Integrating voice and data on SALAN: an experimental local area network

This paper is concerned with the integration of voice and data on an experimental local area network used by the School of Automation, of the Indian Institute of Science. SALAN (School of Automation Local Area Network) consists of a number of microprocessor-based communication nodes linked to a shared coaxial cable transmission medium. The communication nodes handle the various low-level functions associated with computer communication, and interface user data equipment to the network. SALAN at present provides a file transfer facility between an Intel Series III microcomputer development system and a Texas Instruments Model 990/4 microcomputer system. Further, a packet voice communication system has also been implemented on SALAN. The various aspects of the design and implementation of the above two utilities are discussed.

On exact solutions of the unsteady navierstokes equationsâ the vortex with instantaneous curvilinear axis

The unsteady pseudo plane motions have been investigated in which each point of the parallel planes is subjected to non-torsional oscillations in their own plane and at any given instant the streamlines are concentric circles. Exact solutions are obtained and the form of the curve , the locus of the centers of these concentric circles, is discussed. The existence of three infinite sets of exact solutions, for the flow in the geometry of an orthogonal rheometer in which the above non-torsional oscillations are superposed on the disks, is established. Three cases arise according to whether is greater than, equal to or less than , where is angular velocity of the basic rotation and is the frequency of the superposed oscillations. For a symmetric solution of the flow these solutions reduce to a single unique solution. The nature of the curve is illustrated graphically by considering an example of the flow between coaxial rotating disks.

Salan: A microprocessor-based medium speed experimental local area network

In this paper the implementation and application of a microprocessor-based medium speed experimental local area network using a coaxial cable transmission medium are dealt with. A separate unidirectional control wire has been used in order to provide a collision-free and fair medium access arbitration. As an application of the network, the design of a packet voice communication system is discussed.

Conformation of polypeptide-chains containing both l-residues and D-residues .2. Double-helical structures of poly-ld-peptides

Polypeptides with alternating L- and D-amino acid residues can take up stereochemically satisfactory coaxial double-helical structures, both antiparallel and parallel, which are stabilized by systematic interchain NH O hydrogen bonds. Semiempirical energy calculations over allowed regions of conformational space have yielded the characteristics of these double-helices. There are four possible types of antiparallel double-helices - A3, A4, A5 and A6, with n, the number of LD peptide units per turn, around 2.8, 3.6, 4.5 and 5.5 respectively, while for the parallel double-helices there are two types, P3 and P4, having similar helical parameters as in A3 and A4. The hydrogen-bonding scheme restricts the pitch in all the models to the narrow range of 10.0 to 11.5 Å. All these helices have large central cores whose radii increase proportionately with n. In this respect, A3 and A4 are suitable models for the structure of gramicidin A. In terms of their relative energies, antiparallel double-helices are marginally more stable than those with parallel strands. Our results indicate that the energy differences amongst the members in the antiparallel family are not significant and thus provide an explanation for the polymorphism reported for poly(γ-benzyl-LD-glutamate).