Texto(s) e competência textual

A investigação de que resulta o presente trabalho foi desenvolvida em Teoria do texto - área de especialização em Linguística criada na FCSH - UNL pela Professora Luísa Opitz. Os contornos teóricos e epistemológicos da configuração disciplinar assim designada merecem naturalmente uma atenção particular. Pode dizer-se que os primeiros contributos, no sentido de uma abordagem linguística do texto, se devem aos vários trabalhos que, sobretudo na Holanda e na Alemanha, desde o início dos anos setenta, preconizavam o alargamento do quadro generativista para além do domínio da frase. A estes projectos de gramática de texto convém também associar. como se pode compreender, a noção de competência textual - enquanto sistema de regras susceptíveis de derivarem qualquer texto, numa determinada lingua natural. Veja-se o paralelismo da definição proposta por Petôfi (um dos autores em destaque, nesta perspectiva): Its direct aim [of the grammatical theory of verbal texts] is to describe the knowledge of the 'ideal native speaker/listener' concernmg the grammatical structuredness of verbal texts (i.e. his verbal grammatical competence). PETÔFI 1973:206 Quase em simultâneo com a convicção generativista, ou decorrendo de alguma insatisfacão que se ia instalando, outras tendências menos formalizantes se faziam também sentir. Pode destacar-se, em particular, o ponto de vista de P. Hartmann, no prefácio que assina para Studies in Text Grammar, editado por J.S. Petôfi e H. Rieser em 1973. Assinalando a mudança, em termos de interesses epistemológicos, associada ao facto de se tratar de objectos cuja descrição requer mais dimensões do que as contempladas por uma gramática de frase, Hartmann afirma: Se a nogão de texto aparece associada å de fungão (ou funções), uma e outra são fundamentalmente determinadas pela decisão relativa aos objectos sujeitos a observação - isto é, pelo facto de se tomarem em consideração os textos efectivamente produzidos em situações de comunicação, não sujeitos, portanto, a reduções metodológicas.

Specification of a partial replication protocol with TLA+

Nowadays, data available and used by companies is growing very fast creating the need to use and manage this data in the most efficient way. To this end, data is replicated overmultiple datacenters and use different replication protocols, according to their needs, like more availability or stronger consistency level. The costs associated with full data replication can be very high, and most of the times, full replication is not needed since information can be logically partitioned. Another problem, is that by using datacenters to store and process information clients become heavily dependent on them. We propose a partial replication protocol called ParTree, which replicates data to clients, and organizes clients in a hierarchy, using communication between them to propagate information. This solution addresses some of these problems, namely by supporting partial data replication and offline execution mode. Given the complexity of the protocol, the use of formal verification is crucial to ensure the protocol two correctness properties: causal consistency and preservation of data. The use of TLA+ language and tools to formally specificity and verify the proposed protocol are also described.

Enunciados do tipo injuntivo em géneros de texto publicitários sobre o vinho.

A partir de um corpus de géneros de texto publicitários, rótulos e contrarrótulos de garrafa de vinho e anúncios sobre o vinho, neste trabalho, serão analisados os enunciados injuntivos em ocorrência para averiguar as relações que se estabelecem entre marcas comerciais e consumidores, o tipo de informação veiculada e as representações linguisticamente construídas destes sujeitos. Situando-se no âmbito da Teoria do Texto e combinando patamares de análise linguística com a dimensão social, esta investigação convoca ainda o Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo que defende uma perspetiva ontogenética da linguagem, consentânea com uma abordagem discursivo-textual da Linguística. A análise dos dados indica que os domínios sociais ou as atividades envolvidas, publicitária e de produção e de comercialização do vinho, preconizam imagens do consumidor ideal de vinho no que diz respeito à prova de vinho, a um comportamento socialmente adequado e sobre as boas propriedades do vinho.

Aprender a debater: o debate como atividade de interação e de participação democrática

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Inglês e de Espanhol no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário

Os contributos do texto literário para o ensino-aprendizagem de PLE: elaboração de uma proposta de didatização de um conto de Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen

Dissertação de mestrado em Português Língua Não Materna (PLNM) – Português Língua Estrangeira (PLE) e Língua Segunda (PL2)

Generic system for human-computer gesture interaction: applications on sign language recognition and robotic soccer refereeing

Hand gestures are a powerful way for human communication, with lots of potential applications in the area of human computer interaction. Vision-based hand gesture recognition techniques have many proven advantages compared with traditional devices, giving users a simpler and more natural way to communicate with electronic devices. This work proposes a generic system architecture based in computer vision and machine learning, able to be used with any interface for human-computer interaction. The proposed solution is mainly composed of three modules: a pre-processing and hand segmentation module, a static gesture interface module and a dynamic gesture interface module. The experiments showed that the core of visionbased interaction systems could be the same for all applications and thus facilitate the implementation. For hand posture recognition, a SVM (Support Vector Machine) model was trained and used, able to achieve a final accuracy of 99.4%. For dynamic gestures, an HMM (Hidden Markov Model) model was trained for each gesture that the system could recognize with a final average accuracy of 93.7%. The proposed solution as the advantage of being generic enough with the trained models able to work in real-time, allowing its application in a wide range of human-machine applications. To validate the proposed framework two applications were implemented. The first one is a real-time system able to interpret the Portuguese Sign Language. The second one is an online system able to help a robotic soccer game referee judge a game in real time.

Vision-based portuguese sign language recognition system

Vision-based hand gesture recognition is an area of active current research in computer vision and machine learning. Being a natural way of human interaction, it is an area where many researchers are working on, with the goal of making human computer interaction (HCI) easier and natural, without the need for any extra devices. So, the primary goal of gesture recognition research is to create systems, which can identify specific human gestures and use them, for example, to convey information. For that, vision-based hand gesture interfaces require fast and extremely robust hand detection, and gesture recognition in real time. Hand gestures are a powerful human communication modality with lots of potential applications and in this context we have sign language recognition, the communication method of deaf people. Sign lan- guages are not standard and universal and the grammars differ from country to coun- try. In this paper, a real-time system able to interpret the Portuguese Sign Language is presented and described. Experiments showed that the system was able to reliably recognize the vowels in real-time, with an accuracy of 99.4% with one dataset of fea- tures and an accuracy of 99.6% with a second dataset of features. Although the im- plemented solution was only trained to recognize the vowels, it is easily extended to recognize the rest of the alphabet, being a solid foundation for the development of any vision-based sign language recognition user interface system.

Educação literária: o texto dramático no 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

Using a domain-specific language to enrich ETL schemas

Today it is easy to find a lot of tools to define data migration schemas among different types of information systems. Data migration processes use to be implemented on a very diverse range of applications, ranging from conventional operational systems to data warehousing platforms. The implementation of a data migration process often involves a serious planning, considering the development of conceptual migration schemas at early stages. Such schemas help architects and engineers to plan and discuss the most adequate way to migrate data between two different systems. In this paper we present and discuss a way for enriching data migration conceptual schemas in BPMN using a domain-specific language, demonstrating how to convert such enriched schemas to a first correspondent physical representation (a skeleton) in a conventional ETL implementation tool like Kettle.

A relational algebra approach to ETL modeling

The MAP-i Doctoral Programme in Informatics, of the Universities of Minho, Aveiro and Porto

Tax compliance and tax complexity in Portugal: essays on the perception of tax professionals

Tese de Doutoramento em Contabilidade.

Cross-language influences on new second language vocabulary acquisition: the effect of learning method

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Psicologia

Digital manipulatives as scaffolds for preschoolers’ language development

The study reported here aims at contributing to a deeper understanding of the educational possibilities offered by digital manipulatives in preschool contexts. It presents a study carried with a digital manipulative to enhance the development of lexical knowledge and language awareness, which are relevant language abilities for formal literacy learning. The study took place in a Portuguese preschool, with a class of 20 five-year-olds in collaboration with the teacher. The digital manipulative supported the construction of multiple fictional worlds, motivating children's verbal interactions, and the playing of words and sound games, thus contextualizing the learning of an extensive collection of vocabulary and language awareness abilities. The degree of engagement and involvement that the manipulative provided in supporting children’s imaginative play as well as the imitation, in their own play, of the playful pedagogical interventions that the teacher had designed, shows the importance of well- designed materials that support a child-centered learning model. As such, it sustains a discussion on the potential of digital manipulatives to enhance fundamental language development in the preschool years. Further, the study highlights the importance of multidisciplinary teams in the creation of innovative pedagogical materials.