Estudo comparativo de utilização de SER, MIG/MAG e Friction Surfacing na reparação de braços de suspensão de VBTP-M113

Nas últimas décadas Friction Surfacing despertou bastante interesse por permitir revestir metais no estado sólido desenvolvendo-se a temperaturas inferiores às de fusão, evitando assim as afetações que dai advém. No presente trabalho existem dois blocos principais, um primeiro onde se caraterizou o material do braço de suspensão do M113, e um segundo onde se produziram revestimentos recorrendo às três técnicas de revestimento em estudo (FS, Fios Fluxados e SER), com o objetivo de se proceder ao seu estudo e comparação. No processo de caraterização do aço do braço, foram realizados diversos ensaios, dos quais se salientam os ensaios de durezas Vickers e os ensaios de faiscamento, concluindo-se que o aço que mais se assemelha com o do braço é o AISI 4140. Para a caraterização dos revestimentos foram definidos diferentes tipos de ensaios, Metalúrgicos e Mecânicos, com a finalidade principal de abranger uma ampla gama de solicitações semelhantes às que são requeridas ao componente em serviço. Nos ensaios Metalúrgicos foram avaliadas as ligações, a existência de defeitos, as ZTA e as alterações metalográficas. A avaliação das propriedades mecânicas foi obtida através de ensaios de dureza, desgaste, flexão em três pontos e Push-Pull. Da realização destes ensaios verificou-se que os revestimentos obtidos por FS apresentam melhores propriedades, tanto Metalúrgicas como Mecânicas Por fim, foi elaborada uma avaliação dos custos operacionais envolvidos na realização da reparação de um braço de suspensão, concluindo-se que FS, apesar de apresentar os revestimentos com melhores propriedades, é ainda uma tecnologia pouco viável economicamente, fato que se deve á baixa eficiência apresentada.

Heat flow and heat conductivity coefficient measured in bottom sediments collected in Cruise 13 of R/V Akademik Sergey Vavilov in the Pechora Sea

In Cruise 13 of R/V Akademik Sergey Vavilov in the Pechora Sea, six heat flow varied from 50 to 75 mW/m**2. Deep heat flow in the Pechora Sea was calculated equal to 45 mW/m**2, which is confirmed by results of geological and geophysical studies and corresponds to Middle Baikal age of the basement. A model of structure of the lithosphere in the Pechora Sea is suggested. Total thickness of the lithosphere in the basin (190 km) determined from geothermal data agrees well with that in transition zones from the continent to the ocean. According to estimates of deep heat flow in the region obtained, thickness of the mantle (160 km), of the basaltic (15 km), and of the granitic (15 km) layers of the lithosphere were also evaluated. Temperature values at boundaries of the sedimentary layers were calculated over a geological and geophysical profile crossing the Pechora Sea basin. Temperatures obtained agree with the temperature interval of hydrocarbon generation and correspond to Permian-Triassic sedimentary sequences, which are the most productive ones in the Pechora Sea region from the point of view of oil and gas potential.

(Table 1) Magnetic viscosity coefficient, VRM and NRM of DSDP Hole 6-57

THE magnetic properties of the basalts which form layer 2 of the oceanic lithosphere are important because of their relevance to the hypothesis (Vine and Matthews, 1963, doi:10.1038/199947a0) of seafloor spreading. Most studies of these magnetic properties have been carried out on basalts obtained from dredge hauls taken predominantly from ocean ridge systems and fracture zones. These constitute special areas of the oceanic crust where the sediment cover is negligible. It is of interest to compare the magnetic properties of the dredged basalts with samples recovered from holes drilled through the overlying sediments into the basaltic layer at places distant from ridge axes. Samples obtained from the abandoned Mohole project and, more recently, from the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) possessed magnetic properties similar to those of dredged basalts (Cox and Doell, 1962, doi:10.1029/JZ067i010p03997; Lowrie et al., 1973, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(73)90198-2). Here I describe highly unstable magnetic characteristics found in basalts from DSDP hole 57.

(Table 1) Conditions of vertical near-bottom profiling and the main parameters of the benthic boundary layer in several regions of the Black Sea shelf

Measurements of 14 vertical profiles of currents and hydrological parameters in the near-bottom layer with depth resolution of 0.1 m were carried out in several regions of the Black Sea shelf, at five points over the continental slope, and in three deep water regions. The upper boundary of the benthic boundary layer (BBL) was reliably determined at a point at distance from 5-7 to 35-40 m from the bottom where the gradients of density and current velocity changed. Experimental data obtained were used to determine the coefficient of bottom friction, friction velocity, coefficients of vertical diffusion of momentum and density, and vertical fluxes of temperature and salinity in the BBL.

Pavement friction measurements on nontangent sections of roadways. Volume III. Appendices. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Structures and Applied Mechanics Division, Washington, D.C.

Pavement friction measurements on nontangent sections of roadways. Volume II: comprehensive report. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Structures and Applied Mechanics Division, Washington, D.C.

Skin-friction measurements in incompressible flow /

Supersedes NACA technical note 4231.

Determining discharge-coefficient ratings for selected coastal control structures in Broward and Palm Beach counties, Florida /

Shipping list no.: 99-0001-P.

Harmonization of braking regulations - report number 6: testing to address surface friction and vehicle braking efficiency comments to the SNPRM. Interim report.

Mode of access: Internet.

Effects of pavement grooving on friction, braking, and vehicle control. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Friction tests of a Chrysler 1978, 225 CID engine. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Relationship of locked wheel friction to that of other test modes. Final report.

Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Materials, Testing and Research, Harrisburg

Experiments on the friction of the leather collars in hydraulic presses /

"Reprinted from 'The engineer'."