Depth sensors-based upper limb motion capture system for functional neurorehabilitation

Versatile and accurate motion capture systems, with the required properties to be integrated within both clinical and domiciliary environments, would represent a significant advance in following the progress of the patients as well as in allowing the incorporation of new data exploitation and analysis methods to enhance the functional neurorehabilitation therapeutic processes. Besides, these systems would permit the later development of new applications focused on the automatization of the therapeutic tasks in order to increase the therapist/patient ratio, thus decreasing the costs [1]. However, current motion capture systems are not still ready to work within uncontrolled environments.

Some advances in extensive bridge monitoring using low cost dynamic characterization

Dynamic measurements will become a standard for bridge monitoring in the near future. This fact will produce an important cost reduction for maintenance. US Administration has a long term intensive research program in order to diminish the estimated current maintenance cost of US$7 billion per year over 20 years. An optimal intervention maintenance program demands a historical dynamical record, as well as an updated mathematical model of the structure to be monitored. In case that a model of the structure is not actually available it is possible to produce it, however this possibility does not exist for missing measurement records from the past. Current acquisition systems to monitor structures can be made more efficient by introducing the following improvements, under development in the Spanish research Project “Low cost bridge health monitoring by ambient vibration tests using wireless sensors”: (a) a complete wireless system to acquire sensor data, (b) a wireless system that permits the localization and the hardware identification of the whole sensor system. The applied localization system has been object of a recent patent, and (c) automatization of the modal identification process, aimed to diminish human intervention. This system is assembled with cheap components and allows the simultaneous use of a large number of sensors at a low placement cost. The engineer’s intervention is limited to the selection of sensor positions, probably based on a preliminary FE analysis. In case of multiple setups, also the position of a number of fixed reference sensors has to be decided. The wireless localization system will obtain the exact coordinates of all these sensors positions. When the selection of optimal positions is difficult, for example because of the lack of a proper FE model, this can be compensated by using a higher number of measuring (also reference) points. The described low cost acquisition system allows the responsible bridge administration to obtain historical dynamic identification records at reasonable costs that will be used in future maintenance programs. Therefore, due to the importance of the baseline monitoring record of a new bridge, a monitoring test just after its construction should be highly recommended, if not compulsory.

Diseño de una metodología CASE de desarrollo de software

En la actualidad existe una gran expectación ante la introducción de nuevas herramientas y métodos para el desarrollo de productos software, que permitirán en un futuro próximo un planteamiento de ingeniería del proceso de producción software. Las nuevas metodologías que empiezan a esbozarse suponen un enfoque integral del problema abarcando todas las fases del esquema productivo. Sin embargo el grado de automatización conseguido en el proceso de construcción de sistemas es muy bajo y éste está centrado en las últimas fases del ciclo de vida del software, consiguiéndose así una reducción poco significativa de sus costes y, lo que es aún más importante, sin garantizar la calidad de los productos software obtenidos. Esta tesis define una metodología de desarrollo software estructurada que se puede automatizar, es decir una metodología CASE. La metodología que se presenta se ajusta al modelo de ciclo de desarrollo CASE, que consta de las fases de análisis, diseño y pruebas; siendo su ámbito de aplicación los sistemas de información. Se establecen inicialmente los principios básicos sobre los que la metodología CASE se asienta. Posteriormente, y puesto que la metodología se inicia con la fijación de los objetivos de la empresa que demanda un sistema informático, se emplean técnicas que sirvan de recogida y validación de la información, que proporcionan a la vez un lenguaje de comunicación fácil entre usuarios finales e informáticos. Además, estas mismas técnicas detallarán de una manera completa, consistente y sin ambigüedad todos los requisitos del sistema. Asimismo, se presentan un conjunto de técnicas y algoritmos para conseguir que desde la especificación de requisitos del sistema se logre una automatización tanto del diseño lógico del Modelo de Procesos como del Modelo de Datos, validados ambos conforme a la especificación de requisitos previa. Por último se definen unos procedimientos formales que indican el conjunto de actividades a realizar en el proceso de construcción y cómo llevarlas a cabo, consiguiendo de esta manera una integridad en las distintas etapas del proceso de desarrollo.---ABSTRACT---Nowdays there is a great expectation with regard to the introduction of new tools and methods for the software products development that, in the very near future will allow, an engineering approach in the software development process. New methodologies, just emerging, imply an integral approach to the problem, including all the productive scheme stages. However, the automatization degree obtained in the systems construction process is very low and focused on the last phases of the software lifecycle, which means that the costs reduction obtained is irrelevant and, which is more important, the quality of the software products is not guaranteed. This thesis defines an structured software development methodology that can be automated, that is a CASE methodology. Such a methodology is adapted to the CASE development cycle-model, which consists in analysis, design and testing phases, being the information systems its field of application. Firstly, we present the basic principies on which CASE methodology is based. Secondly, since the methodology starts from fixing the objectives of the company demanding the automatization system, we use some techniques that are useful for gathering and validating the information, being at the same time an easy communication language between end-users and developers. Indeed, these same techniques will detail completely, consistently and non ambiguously all the system requirements. Likewise, a set of techniques and algorithms are shown in order to obtain, from the system requirements specification, an automatization of the Process Model logical design, and of the Data Model logical design. Those two models are validated according to the previous requirement specification. Finally, we define several formal procedures that suggest which set of activities to be accomplished in the construction process, and how to carry them out, getting in this way integrity and completness for the different stages of the development process.

Configuración de un entorno de trabajo para el desarrollo de software ágil con integración continua

Hoy en día, existen numerosos sistemas (financieros, fabricación industrial, infraestructura de servicios básicos, etc.) que son dependientes del software. Según la definición de Ingeniería del Software realizada por I. Sommerville, “la Ingeniería del Software es una disciplina de la ingeniería que comprende todos los aspectos de la producción de software desde las etapas iniciales de la especificación del sistema, hasta el mantenimiento de éste después de que se utiliza.” “La ingeniería del software no sólo comprende los procesos técnicos del desarrollo de software, sino también actividades tales como la gestión de proyectos de software y el desarrollo de herramientas, métodos y teorías de apoyo a la producción de software.” Los modelos de proceso de desarrollo software determinan una serie de pautas para poder desarrollar con éxito un proyecto de desarrollo software. Desde que surgieran estos modelos de proceso, se investigado en nuevas maneras de poder gestionar un proyecto y producir software de calidad. En primer lugar surgieron las metodologías pesadas o tradicionales, pero con el avance del tiempo y la tecnología, surgieron unas nuevas llamadas metodologías ágiles. En el marco de las metodologías ágiles cabe destacar una determinada práctica, la integración continua. Esta práctica surgió de la mano de Martin Fowler, con el objetivo de facilitar el trabajo en grupo y automatizar las tareas de integración. La integración continua se basa en la construcción automática de proyectos con una frecuencia alta, promoviendo la detección de errores en un momento temprano para poder dar prioridad a corregir dichos errores. Sin embargo, una de las claves del éxito en el desarrollo de cualquier proyecto software consiste en utilizar un entorno de trabajo que facilite, sistematice y ayude a aplicar un proceso de desarrollo de una forma eficiente. Este Proyecto Fin de Grado (PFG) tiene por objetivo el análisis de distintas herramientas para configurar un entorno de trabajo que permita desarrollar proyectos aplicando metodologías ágiles e integración continua de una forma fácil y eficiente. Una vez analizadas dichas herramientas, se ha propuesto y configurado un entorno de trabajo para su puesta en marcha y uso. Una característica a destacar de este PFG es que las herramientas analizadas comparten una cualidad común y de alto valor, son herramientas open-source. El entorno de trabajo propuesto en este PFG presenta una arquitectura cliente-servidor, dado que la mayoría de proyectos software se desarrollan en equipo, de tal forma que el servidor proporciona a los distintos clientes/desarrolladores acceso al conjunto de herramientas que constituyen el entorno de trabajo. La parte servidora del entorno propuesto proporciona soporte a la integración continua mediante herramientas de control de versiones, de gestión de historias de usuario, de análisis de métricas de software, y de automatización de la construcción de software. La configuración del cliente únicamente requiere de un entorno de desarrollo integrado (IDE) que soporte el lenguaje de programación Java y conexión con el servidor. ABSTRACT Nowadays, numerous systems (financial, industrial production, basic services infrastructure, etc.) depend on software. According to the Software Engineering definition made by I.Sommerville, “Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production from the early stages of system specification through to maintaining the system after it has gone into use.” “Software engineering is not just concerned with the technical processes of software development. It also includes activities such as software project management and the development of tools, methods, and theories to support software production.” Software development process models determine a set of guidelines to successfully develop a software development project. Since these process models emerged, new ways of managing a project and producing software with quality have been investigated. First, the so-called heavy or traditional methodologies appeared, but with the time and the technological improvements, new methodologies emerged: the so-called agile methodologies. Agile methodologies promote, among other practices, continuous integration. This practice was coined by Martin Fowler and aims to make teamwork easier as well as automate integration tasks. Nevertheless, one of the keys to success in software projects is to use a framework that facilitates, systematize, and help to deploy a development process in an efficient way. This Final Degree Project (FDP) aims to analyze different tools to configure a framework that enables to develop projects by applying agile methodologies and continuous integration in an easy and efficient way. Once tools are analyzed, a framework has been proposed and configured. One of the main features of this FDP is that the tools under analysis share a common and high-valued characteristic: they are open-source. The proposed framework presents a client-server architecture, as most of the projects are developed by a team. In this way, the server provides access the clients/developers to the tools that comprise the framework. The server provides continuous integration through a set of tools for control management, user stories management, software quality management, and software construction automatization. The client configuration only requires a Java integrated development environment and network connection to the server.

Automatização do processo de seleção de transformações para otimização do tempo de execução por meio de aprendizado de máquina no arcabouço da LLVM.

A rápida evolução do hardware demanda uma evolução contínua dos compiladores. Um processo de ajuste deve ser realizado pelos projetistas de compiladores para garantir que o código gerado pelo compilador mantenha uma determinada qualidade, seja em termos de tempo de processamento ou outra característica pré-definida. Este trabalho visou automatizar o processo de ajuste de compiladores por meio de técnicas de aprendizado de máquina. Como resultado os planos de compilação obtidos usando aprendizado de máquina com as características propostas produziram código para programas cujos valores para os tempos de execução se aproximaram daqueles seguindo o plano padrão utilizado pela LLVM.

Organización financiera para la administración de fondos de las Asociaciones de Municipios, de la Zona Paracentral a investigarse en el periodo de mayo 2012 a mayo 2013

Esta investigación está dirigida a la Administración de Fondos de los diferentes tipos de Asociatividad Municipal: Asociación Municipal, Asociación de Municipios, Asociaciones de Municipalidades y Micro-Regiones de la Zona Paracentral. Los tipos de Asociatividad Municipal a los que se hace referencia en esta investigación administran recursos y obligaciones del sector público, por tanto son sujetos de derechos, atribuciones, y deberes propios, los que en conjunto conforman el ente contable gubernamental. Para el control, organización y registro de las diferentes transacciones de estas instituciones únicamente podrá realizarse en el Sistema de Contabilidad Gubernamental de los Entes (SICGE), aplicación informática proporcionada por el Ministerio de Hacienda. Para conocer el funcionamiento del control interno institucional se realizó un estudio a través de entrevista, encuestas y observación de los procesos, con el objeto de realizar un diagnóstico situacional sobre los procedimientos de controles aplicados. El control interno institucional fomenta la seguridad razonable en las cifras, oportunidad y consistencia en la información financiera, fundamental para la toma de decisiones. Con el objeto de ayudar al fortalecimiento institucional de las mancomunadas se incluye una propuesta de procedimientos de control interno financiero contables, con sus herramientas de control ofimatizadas, diseñados para la administración de los fondos de las Asociaciones de Municipios, que por ser entes contables, es preciso que cada mancomunidad cuente con su propio control interno financiero, que servirá para la transparencia de la gestión y la confiabilidad de la información financiera. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research is about at the Fund Management of different types of Municipal Associativity: Municipal Association, Association of Municipalities, Associations of Municipalities and Micro-Regions Paracentral Zone. Municipal Associative types referred to in this investigation about manage resources and obligations of the public sector, so they are subjects of rights, powers, and duties, which together make up the government accounting entity. For control, organization and registration of the several transactions of these institutions may only take place in the Government Accounting System of the Entities (SICGE) for acronym is spanish, computer application provided by the Ministry of Finance. For the functioning of the institutional internal control study was conducted through interviews, surveys and observation of processes in order to conduct a situational analysis on the procedure applied control. The Constitutional internal control promotes reasonable safety in numbers, timeliness and consistency financial information, critical for taking decision. In order to help the institutional strengthening of the asocitiation municipal is included a proposed of procedures of financial-accounting internal control, with its office automatization tools, which is designed for the administration of found the Association of Municipalities (political division of several cities), who is Gubernamental accounting entity, each association must have its own financial internal control, which will serve for management transparency and reliability of financial information.

Validation d’un procédé automatisé d’extraction sur phase solide de glandes digestives de moules pour l’identification et la quantification des dinophysistoxines en LC/ESI/SM2 par piégeage d’ions quadripolaire

This report presents a new extraction method of the dinophysistoxins (DTXs), confirmed by quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with an ion trap and electro spray interface (HPLC/ESI/MS2). The method originality consists on the adaptation of DTXs basic extraction procedure (liquid/ liquid) to a solid phase extraction (SPE) via a robotic station: ASPEC XLi The parameters of the automatization procedure were optimized to obtain the best DTXs recovery rate. These improvements were loaded with digestive gland mussel homogenat realized on a silica cartridge SPE, activated in hexane/chloroform (50:50), washed with hexane/chloroform (50:50) and extracted by an elution gradient (chloroform methanol (65:35) and methanol (100%)). This method was validated according to two normative referentials (linearity, detection quantification limits and accuracy…) : - The Guide of the Pharmacy industry: Analytical Validation, report of the commission SFSTP 1992 (French Corporation of the Sciences and Technical Pharmaceutical), - - The Procedure of validation of an alternative method in compare to a reference method. (AFNOR, 1998. NF V 03-110). Comparison with the classical liquid/liquid extraction and the automated method present clear advantages. In an analytical method the extraction is generally considered to be the most labor-intensive and error-prone step. This new procedure allowed us to increase throughput, to improve the reproducibility and to reduce the error risks due to the individual manual treatments.

Estudo das competências grafomotoras em crianças no 3º ano de escolaridade, na região de Lisboa

A escrita é uma atividade complexa que envolve a interação constante de processos cognitivos e motores. As crianças passam grande parte do tempo a escrever em contexto escolar, aplicando também esta habilidade noutros contextos. As dificuldades de escrita ao nível da legibilidade e velocidade possuem um impacto negativo nos diferentes contextos de vida das crianças. Esta tese teve como objetivo estudar as competências de escrita em crianças no 3º ano de escolaridade, período em que é alcançada uma automatização da escrita. Começou-se por traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar para o Português Europeu dois instrumentos que são internacionalmente utilizados no diagnóstico da Disgrafia e da Perturbação do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (PDC): Movement Assessment Battery for Children – 2nd edition (MABC-2) e Echelle d’évaluation rapide de l’écriture chez l’enfant (BHK). Os instrumentos revelaram ser fidedignos e com solidez suficiente para a sua aplicação. Prosseguiu-se com a exploração da relação entre as competências de escrita e a coordenação motora. Não foi encontrada relação entre qualidade e velocidade de escrita e coordenação motora fina, nem qualquer associação entre qualidade e velocidade de escrita. Na diferença de desempenhos entre rapazes e raparigas, estas revelaram melhores resultados apenas na tarefa de colocação de pinos com a mão preferida. Verificou-se que a formação de letras é o fator que mais contribui para explicar os desempenhos na qualidade de escrita. Através de análise computacional conseguiu-se dar os primeiros passos para o estabelecimento de um padrão de legibilidade, com a caracterização espacial das letras. No entanto, não foi encontrada relação entre as características espaciais e a qualidade de escrita. No final desta tese, relatam-se as limitações dos procedimentos adotados e sugerem-se futuros desafios de investigação dos fenómenos inerentes a esta temática.