Asistentes virtuales en plataformas 3.0

Los asistentes virtuales son herramientas inteligentes que ayudan a los usuarios a buscar información en un conglomerado de recursos web. El despliegue natural de los mismos se realiza en las propias páginas web, donde permiten resolver las dudas de los usuarios formuladas en lenguaje natural usando técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial. En este artículo presentamos las características más relevantes del asistente virtual Elvira y su integración en la página web de la Universidad de Granada. De forma paralela a la aparición de los asistentes virtuales, en la última década, los avances tecnológicos han hecho que el acceso a la información se produzca desde diferentes fuentes, trasladando la necesidad de la asistencia artificial a otros ámbitos. En este trabajo, detallamos la ampliación de los despliegues del asistente virtual Elvira sobre dispositivos móviles y redes sociales.

Teachers as researchers and teachers as software developers: how use-case analysis helps build better educational software

A series of government initiatives has raised both the profile of ICT in the curriculum and the expectation that high quality teaching and learning resources will be accessible across electronic networks. In order for e-learning resources such as websites to have the maximum educational impact, teachers need to be involved in their design and development. Use-case analysis provides a means of defining user requirements and other constraints in such a way that software developers can produce e-learning resources which reflect teachers' professional knowledge and support their classroom practice. It has some features in common with the participatory action research used to develop other aspects of classroom practice. Two case-studies are presented: one involves the development of an on-line resource centred on transcripts of original historical documents; the other describes how 'Learning how to Learn', a major, distributed research project funded under the ESRC Teaching and Learning Research Programme is using use-case analysis to develop web resources and services.

Midgard: um middleware baseado em componentes e orientado a recursos para redes de sensores sem fio

On the last years, several middleware platforms for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) were proposed. Most of these platforms does not consider issues of how integrate components from generic middleware architectures. Many requirements need to be considered in a middleware design for WSN and the design, in this case, it is possibility to modify the source code of the middleware without changing the external behavior of the middleware. Thus, it is desired that there is a middleware generic architecture that is able to offer an optimal configuration according to the requirements of the application. The adoption of middleware based in component model consists of a promising approach because it allows a better abstraction, low coupling, modularization and management features built-in middleware. Another problem present in current middleware consists of treatment of interoperability with external networks to sensor networks, such as Web. Most current middleware lacks the functionality to access the data provided by the WSN via the World Wide Web in order to treat these data as Web resources, and they can be accessed through protocols already adopted the World Wide Web. Thus, this work presents the Midgard, a component-based middleware specifically designed for WSNs, which adopts the architectural patterns microkernel and REST. The microkernel architectural complements the component model, since microkernel can be understood as a component that encapsulates the core system and it is responsible for initializing the core services only when needed, as well as remove them when are no more needed. Already REST defines a standardized way of communication between different applications based on standards adopted by the Web and enables him to treat WSN data as web resources, allowing them to be accessed through protocol already adopted in the World Wide Web. The main goals of Midgard are: (i) to provide easy Web access to data generated by WSN, exposing such data as Web resources, following the principles of Web of Things paradigm and (ii) to provide WSN application developer with capabilities to instantiate only specific services required by the application, thus generating a customized middleware and saving node resources. The Midgard allows use the WSN as Web resources and still provide a cohesive and weakly coupled software architecture, addressing interoperability and customization. In addition, Midgard provides two services needed for most WSN applications: (i) configuration and (ii) inspection and adaptation services. New services can be implemented by others and easily incorporated into the middleware, because of its flexible and extensible architecture. According to the assessment, the Midgard provides interoperability between the WSN and external networks, such as web, as well as between different applications within a single WSN. In addition, we assessed the memory consumption, the application image size, the size of messages exchanged in the network, and response time, overhead and scalability on Midgard. During the evaluation, the Midgard proved satisfies their goals and shown to be scalable without consuming resources prohibitively

Metadados para a descrição de recursos da Internet: o padrão Dublin Core, aplicações e a questão da interoperabilidade

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Tecnologias aplicadas ao uso e desenvolvimento do jogo de xadrez

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Introdução a ontologias e suas aplicações

Different vocabularies and contexts are barriers to the communication between people or software systems. It is necessary a common understanding in the domain that is talked about, so it can be obtained a correct interpretation of the information. An ontology formally models the structure of a domain and turn explicit the shared understanding in the form of concepts and relations that emerge from its observation. Constitutes a sort of framework used in the mapping to the meaning of the information that is talked about. The formal accuracy in which they are defined, by means of axioms, allow machine processing, implicating in systems interoperability. Structured this way, the knowledge is easily transferred between people or systems from different contexts. Ontologies present several applications nowadays. They are considered the infra-structure to the Semantic Web, which is composed by Web resources with embedded meaning. Thereby, the automatic execution of complex tasks is allowed, with the benefit from the effective communication between Web software agents. Among other applications, they also have been used to structure the knowledge generated from several areas, like Biology and Software Engineering.

User and Machine Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure for Distributed Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds

The intention of an authentication and authorization infrastructure (AAI) is to simplify and unify access to different web resources. With a single login, a user can access web applications at multiple organizations. The Shibboleth authentication and authorization infrastructure is a standards-based, open source software package for web single sign-on (SSO) across or within organizational boundaries. It allows service providers to make fine-grained authorization decisions for individual access of protected online resources. The Shibboleth system is a widely used AAI, but only supports protection of browser-based web resources. We have implemented a Shibboleth AAI extension to protect web services using Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). Besides user authentication for browser-based web resources, this extension also provides user and machine authentication for web service-based resources. Although implemented for a Shibboleth AAI, the architecture can be easily adapted to other AAIs.

TIC en el aprendizaje de la historia : Utilización e historización de estas herramientas en el capitalismo cognitivo

En el presente trabajo se intentará desarrollar un análisis en torno a la potencialidad de incluir en la formación de futuros docentes e investigadores de historia lo que podemos denominar educación con medios y educación en medios. Esto, por un lado, consistiría en la introducción didáctica de tecnologías de información-comunicación -entendiendo por ello la importancia vital para nuestro oficio de apropiarse de herramientas que posibiliten el trabajo con fuentes de diversa índole y en diferentes soportes- y, por otro lado, la realización en el espacio del aula de una historización que problematice y contextualice los espacios de producción y circulación de dichas tecnologías en el sistema capitalista posterior a la crisis económica mundial de la década del 70. En una primera instancia, se hará una revisión de la génesis de esta fase para luego reflexionar respecto de casos concretos dentro del ámbito universitario local que proponen construcciones colaborativas de contenidos, con empleo de edición de imagen y sonido digital, vinculación dentro de redes sociales, socialización de conocimiento. Se postula la posibilidad de que estas prácticas supongan elementos que obturen los fundamentos restrictivos del capitalismo cognitivo

TIC en el aprendizaje de la historia : Utilización e historización de estas herramientas en el capitalismo cognitivo

En el presente trabajo se intentará desarrollar un análisis en torno a la potencialidad de incluir en la formación de futuros docentes e investigadores de historia lo que podemos denominar educación con medios y educación en medios. Esto, por un lado, consistiría en la introducción didáctica de tecnologías de información-comunicación -entendiendo por ello la importancia vital para nuestro oficio de apropiarse de herramientas que posibiliten el trabajo con fuentes de diversa índole y en diferentes soportes- y, por otro lado, la realización en el espacio del aula de una historización que problematice y contextualice los espacios de producción y circulación de dichas tecnologías en el sistema capitalista posterior a la crisis económica mundial de la década del 70. En una primera instancia, se hará una revisión de la génesis de esta fase para luego reflexionar respecto de casos concretos dentro del ámbito universitario local que proponen construcciones colaborativas de contenidos, con empleo de edición de imagen y sonido digital, vinculación dentro de redes sociales, socialización de conocimiento. Se postula la posibilidad de que estas prácticas supongan elementos que obturen los fundamentos restrictivos del capitalismo cognitivo

TIC en el aprendizaje de la historia : Utilización e historización de estas herramientas en el capitalismo cognitivo

En el presente trabajo se intentará desarrollar un análisis en torno a la potencialidad de incluir en la formación de futuros docentes e investigadores de historia lo que podemos denominar educación con medios y educación en medios. Esto, por un lado, consistiría en la introducción didáctica de tecnologías de información-comunicación -entendiendo por ello la importancia vital para nuestro oficio de apropiarse de herramientas que posibiliten el trabajo con fuentes de diversa índole y en diferentes soportes- y, por otro lado, la realización en el espacio del aula de una historización que problematice y contextualice los espacios de producción y circulación de dichas tecnologías en el sistema capitalista posterior a la crisis económica mundial de la década del 70. En una primera instancia, se hará una revisión de la génesis de esta fase para luego reflexionar respecto de casos concretos dentro del ámbito universitario local que proponen construcciones colaborativas de contenidos, con empleo de edición de imagen y sonido digital, vinculación dentro de redes sociales, socialización de conocimiento. Se postula la posibilidad de que estas prácticas supongan elementos que obturen los fundamentos restrictivos del capitalismo cognitivo

Ontology Localization

In the context of the Semantic Web, resources on the net can be enriched by well-defined, machine-understandable metadata describing their associated conceptual meaning. These metadata consisting of natural language descriptions of concepts are the focus of the activity we describe in this chapter, namely, ontology localization. In the framework of the NeOn Methodology, ontology localization is defined as the activity of adapting an ontology to a particular language and culture. This adaptation mainly involves the translation of the natural language descriptions of the ontology from a source natural language to a target natural language, with the final objective of obtaining a multilingual ontology, that is, an ontology documented in several natural languages. The purpose of this chapter is to provide detailed and prescriptive methodological guidelines to support the performance of this activity.

Perceptions of Usability and Usefulness in Digital Libraries

This paper provides an overview of a case study research that investigated the use of Digital Library (DL) resources in two undergraduate classes and explored faculty and students’ perceptions of educational digital libraries. This study found that students and faculty use academic DLs primarily for textual resources, but turn to the open Web for visual and multimedia resources. The study participants did not perceive academic libraries as a useful source of digital images and used search engines when searching for visual resources. The limited use of digital library resources for teaching and learning is associated with perceptions of usefulness and ease of use, especially if considered in a broader information landscape, in conjunction with other library information systems, and in the context of Web resources. The limited use of digital libraries is related to the following perceptions: 1) Library systems are not viewed as user-friendly, which in turn discourages potential users from trying DLs provided by academic libraries; 2) Academic libraries are perceived as places of primarily textual resources; perceptions of usefulness, especially in regard to relevance of content, coverage, and currency, seem to have a negative effect on user intention to use DLs, especially when searching for visual materials.

La gastronomía como Industria Creativa en un contexto digital. Análisis de webs y redes sociales de los restaurantes españoles con estrella Michelin

En los últimos años es evidente el éxito creciente de la gastronomía, no sólo como mercado económico sino también desde una perspectiva comunicativa. Entendida como una Industria Creativa, la gastronomía está adquiriendo cada vez más peso en el mercado de la comunicación y se están desarrollando planes estratégicos que acercan progresivamente el sector gastronómico a todos los públicos, democratizando el arte de la cocina y haciendo de éste un talento accesible y disponible para todos los públicos. En pleno contexto de crecimiento, las estrategias y recursos comunicativos que utilizan tanto los mass media como los propios restaurantes y profesionales de la cocina, se han de convertir en objeto de estudio necesario para entender, por ejemplo, de qué manera se explotan los recursos comunicacionales y cuál es el alcance de los mismos así como sus oportunidades. El presente artículo se centra en un análisis de contenido de las páginas webs y las redes sociales utilizadas por los ocho restaurantes españoles galardonados con tres estrellas por la Guía Michelin España-Portugal (2014), sometidos a estudio en la misma semana (del 15 al 21 de septiembre). El objetivo principal es tratar de conocer estrategia de comunicación online llevada a cabo por estos restaurantes y establecer la importancia que se les atribuye a los recursos web a la hora de contribuir tanto a la consolidación de sus propias marcas como a la propia Industria Creativa gastronómica. Los resultados muestran cierta disparidad en el uso tanto de los recursos web como de los social media y avanzan que el sector gastronómico y de la restauración española tiene un reto: seguir comunicando implicándose en mayor medida con la bidireccionalidad e invitación a la participación de sus públicos, con el objetivo de captar nuevos contactos, fidelizar a los clientes actuales y convertir a todos ellos en prescriptores de sus servicios.

Communities and emerging semantics in semantic link network:discovery and learning

The World Wide Web provides plentiful contents for Web-based learning, but its hyperlink-based architecture connects Web resources for browsing freely rather than for effective learning. To support effective learning, an e-learning system should be able to discover and make use of the semantic communities and the emerging semantic relations in a dynamic complex network of learning resources. Previous graph-based community discovery approaches are limited in ability to discover semantic communities. This paper first suggests the Semantic Link Network (SLN), a loosely coupled semantic data model that can semantically link resources and derive out implicit semantic links according to a set of relational reasoning rules. By studying the intrinsic relationship between semantic communities and the semantic space of SLN, approaches to discovering reasoning-constraint, rule-constraint, and classification-constraint semantic communities are proposed. Further, the approaches, principles, and strategies for discovering emerging semantics in dynamic SLNs are studied. The basic laws of the semantic link network motion are revealed for the first time. An e-learning environment incorporating the proposed approaches, principles, and strategies to support effective discovery and learning is suggested.