Pré tratamento dentinário influência do condicionamento ácido, irradiação laser e hipermineralização na resistência ao cisalhamento de sistema adesivo multi uso

The disadvantages generated by the acid etching of the dentin, such as an increase in its permeability, in the surface moisture and in the potential to denature the external dentinal collagen, the formation of a fragility zone and the citotoxicity of the adhesive monomers; which are all aggravated by the depth of the dentin, have stimulated new and different treatment philosophies of the dentin. The purpose of the present study, therefore, was to investigate the effects of three dentin treatments: laser irradiation, acid etching and hypermineralization, in the shear bond strength of the SMP Plus bonding system. Sixty bovine incisors were extracted and randomly selected immediatly alter the animal's death. They were kept frozen (-18°C) for no longer than 14 days. After buccal dentinal surface had been exposed, X-Rays were taken to control the dentin thickness. The specimens were separated into two groups: (1) Control, kept in distilled water at 4ºC; (2) Mineralized, kept in hypermineralized solution at 4°C for 14 days. Each group was divided into three sub-groups according to the type of dentin treatment used: group F - followed the manufacturer instructions (acid-etching + primer + bond), group AL (acid-etching + primer + bond + laser) and group LA (laser + (laser + acid-etching + primer + bond). A composite resin standard cylinder (Z100-3M) was bond to the dentinal surface and the shear bond strength performed on a Universal lnstron machine 4301, with 500 Kg load and at 0,5mm/min. speed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) determined that the treatments influenced the shear bond strength values (p<0,05) with the following average shearing load at failure: AL (9,96 MPa), F (7,28MPa) e LA (4,87 MPa). The interaction between the two factors analyzed Group (control and mineralized) and treatment (F, AL, LA) also influenced the shear bond strength (p<0,05). The highest values were obtained...

Produção de uva passa de BRS Morena: pré-tratamento, caracterização físico-química e composição fenólica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pré-tratamento e hidrólise da casca de uva para liberação de açúcares fermentescíveis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pré-tratamento do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, hidrólise e sua caracterização química e estrutural, visando a produção de etanol de segunda geração

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Utilização de biofiltro aerado submerso no tratamento de efluentes de curtume submetido a processo de pré-tratamentos físico-químico e anaeróbio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tratamento de efluente de curtume por biofiltro aerado Submerso pré-tratado com microfiltro de membrana

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Projecto de pré-dimensionamento de uma ETAR em Luanda - Angola

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de Especialização de Hidráulica

Caracterização de Efluente Têxtil e Proposta de Tratamento

Textile industry deals with a high diversity of processes and generation of wastewaters with a high content of pollutant material. Before being disposed of in water bodies, a pre-treatment of the effluent is carried out, which is sometimes ineffective. In order to be properly treated, physical and chemical properties of the effluent must be known, as well as the pollutant agents that might be present in it. This has turned out to be a great problem in the textile industry, for there is a variety of processes and the pollutant load is very diversified. The characterization of the effluent allows the identification of most critical points and, as a consequence, the most appropriate treatment procedure to be employed, may be chosen. This study presents the results obtained after characterizing the effluent of a textile industry that comprises knitting, dyeing and apparel sections, processing mainly polyester/cotton articles. In this work, twenty samples of the effluent were collected, and related to the changes in production. From the results, a statistical evaluation was applied, determined in function of the rate of flow. The following properties and pollutants agents were quantitatively analysed: temperature; pH; sulfides; chlorine; alcalinity; chlorides; cianides; phenols; color; COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand); TOC (Total Organic Carbon); oil and grease; total, fixed and volatile solids; dissolved, fixed and volatile solids; suspended, fixed and volatile solids; setteable solids and heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, chromium, tin, iron, zinc and nickel. Analyses were carried out according to ABNT NBR 13402 norm, based upon Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. As a consequence, a global treatment proposal is presented, involving clean production practices as contaminant load reducer, followed by conventional (biological) treatment

Estudo de técnicas para o tratamento alternativo de efluentes oleosos oriundos da industrialização da castanha de caju

An evaluation project was conducted on the technique of treatment for effluent oil which is the deriving process to improve cashews. During the evaluation the following techniques were developed: advanced processes of humid oxidation, oxidative processes, processes of biological treatment and processes of adsorption. The assays had been carried through in kinetic models, with an evaluation of the quality of the process by means of determining the chemical demand of oxygen (defined as a technique of control by means of comparative study between the available techniques). The results demonstrated that the natural biodegradation of the effluent ones is limited, as result using the present natural flora in the effluent one revealed impracticable for an application in the industrial systems, independent of the evaluation environment (with or without the oxygen presence). The job of specific microorganisms for the oily composite degradation developed the viability technique of this route, the acceptable levels of inclusion in effluent system of treatment of the improvement of the cashew being highly good with reasonable levels of removal of CDO. However, the use combined with other techniques of daily pay-treatment for these effluent ones revealed to still be more efficient for the context of the treatment of effluent and discarding in receiving bodies in acceptable standards for resolution CONAMA 357/2005. While the significant generation of solid residues the process of adsorption with agroindustrial residues (in special the chitosan) is a technical viable alternative, however, when applied only for the treatment of the effluent ones for discarding in bodies of water, the economic viability is harmed and minimized ambient profits. Though, it was proven that if used for ends of I reuse, the viability is equalized and justifies the investments. There was a study of the photochemistry process which have are applicable to the treatment of the effluent ones, having resulted more satisfactory than those gotten for the UV-Peroxide techniques. There was different result on the one waited for the use of catalyses used in the process of Photo. The catalyses contained the mixing oxide base of Cerium and Manganese, incorporated of Potassium promoters this had presented the best results in the decomposition of the involved pollutants. Having itself an agreed form the gotten photochemistry daily paytreatment resulted, then after disinfection with chlorine the characteristics next the portability to the water were guarantee. The job of the humid oxidation presented significant results in the removal of pollutants; however, its high cost alone is made possible for job in projects of reuses, areas of low scarcity and of raised costs with the capitation/acquisition of the water, in special, for use for industrial and potable use. The route with better economic conditions and techniques for the job in the treatment of the effluent ones of the improvement of the cashew possesses the sequence to follow: conventional process of separation water-oil, photochemistry process and finally, the complementary biological treatment

Desenvolvimento de procedimento em fluxo com detecção espectrofotométrica para análise de bromoprida em medicamentos e/ou fluido biológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tratamento físico-químico de efluentes de curtume por meio de filtros de membrana seletiva

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo do lodo gerado em reator biológico, pelo tratamento da água de produção do petróleo, no terminal marítimo Almirante Barroso, município de São Sebastião, SP visando sua disposição final

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Investigação do tratamento de água de máquina de lavar roupa empregando reator biológico, em escala piloto, visando redução da concentração de fósforo para reúso não potável

This research aims at the study of treatment of clothes washing water through biological treatment, for the purpose of evaluating the reduction of phosphorus to make it suitable for a posterior treatment of physical-chemical. For this purpose it was employed a sequencing batch reactor, consisting of aerobic and anaerobic phases. During the project it was verified not only the reduction of phosphorus (removal of 30 to 50%) but also the reduction of BOD, COD, Turbidity and Nitrate (removal of 38 to 36%, 34 to 41%, 72,3 to 75% and 57,8 to 60% respectively), which demonstrates that the proposed treatment can assist advanced treatments of water for its non potable reuse

Simulação de um sistema de tratamento de águas residuais de lamas ativadas

A modelação matemática de Estações de Tratamento de Águas Residuais (ETAR) tem sido uma ferramenta de enorme utilidade nas fases de projeto e de exploração destas estruturas de tratamento. O presente estudo teve por objetivo principal construir um modelo matemático da ETAR de Bragança, em particular do seu tratamento biológico de lamas ativadas, com vista a avaliar, compreender e otimizar o seu desempenho. A construção do modelo foi efetuada com recurso ao ambiente de simulação WRc STOAT 5.0. O processo de lamas ativadas foi descrito pelo modelo de referência ASAL3. O modelo construído foi calibrado e validado com base em dados experimentais de 2015, obtidos no âmbito do programa de controlo analítico da ETAR. O modelo foi ainda utilizado para avaliar a qualidade do efluente em resposta a alterações do caudal e composição do afluente, a alterações de condições operacionais e a outras alternativas de tratamento. O modelo mostrou-se bastante adequado na descrição da evolução mensal da qualidade do efluente final da ETAR relativamente aos parâmetros Sólidos Suspensos Totais (SST) e Carência Bioquímica de Oxigénio (CBO5), embora apresente uma tendência para os subestimar em 1,5 e 3,5 mg/L, respetivamente. Em relação ao azoto total, os valores simulados aproximaram-se dos valores reais, quando se aumentaram as taxas de recirculação interna para 400%, um fator de cerca de 4 vezes superior. Os resultados do modelo e dos cenários mostram e reforçam o bom desempenho e a operação otimizada da ETAR em relação a remoção de SST e CBO5. Em relação ao azoto total, a ETAR não assegura de forma sistemática uma eficiência elevada, mas apresenta um bom desempenho, face ao que o modelo consegue explicar para as mesmas condições operacionais. Através do estudo de cenários procurou-se encontrar alternativas de tratamento eficientes e viáveis de remoção de azoto total, mas não se identificaram soluções que assegurassem decargas de azoto abaixo dos limites legais. Os melhores resultados que se alcançaram para a remoção deste contaminante estão associados ao aumento das taxas de recirculação interna do sistema pré-anóxico existente e a uma configuração do tipo Bardenpho de quatro estágios com alimentação distribuída, em proporções iguais, pelos dois estágios anóxicos. Outras soluções que envolvam tecnologias distintas podem e devem ser equacionadas em projetos futuros que visem a melhoria de eficiência de remoção de azoto da ETAR.