Desenvolvimento de um embutido cárneo fermentado, com teores reduzidos de gordura e sais de cura, através da utilização de culturas probióticas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Nenhuma ferida fala por si mesma. Sofrimento e estratégias de cura dos imigrantes por meio de práticas de ethnography-based art

Neste ensaio fotográfico, apresento “Woundscapes. Suffering, creativity and bare life”, uma exibição de arte baseada em etnografia, produzida de forma colaborativa por 11 antropólogos e artistas de diferentes países, cujo trabalho se concentra na reprodução de olhares e estereótipos pós-coloniais e de memórias individuais que são ligadas às respetivas dinâmicas diaspóricas e às estratégias de cura dos imigrantes no amplo Mercado terapêutico da Grande Lisboa.

Perfil imunológico associado à susceptibilidade, resistência e cura na infecção por Leishmania ( Leishmania ) infantum

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in Brazil and the northeast region had the highest incidence of the disease , despite, in the last 30 years, it has spread to all geographic regions of the country. Leishmania infantum is the m ain etiological agent of VL in Latin America, Europe and North Africa. However, not all infected individuals develop the disease; in fact, the majority present spontaneous re solution of infection without symptoms. The evaluation of the immunological profil e has been mostly conducted stimulating, with Leishmania spp. antigen, peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from subjects with VL. These studies showed that VL patients had an inhibition of both, lymphocyte proliferation and proinflammatory response to Leishmania spp. antigen. Our study aimed to evaluate the immune response in active LV, cured post treatment and asymptomatic infection. To reach this aim, we analyzed immunophenotypic features related to activation, Treg and memory lymphocytes, by flow cytometry, as well as, evaluation of cytokine production, in ex vivo or in whole blood culture. In active VL volunteers, a longitu dinal study was conducted with reassessment at 4 and 14 months after clinical cure. The control group included individuals th at live d in endemic region and were either Positive Control, consisting of individuals with positive anti - L eishmania spp. serology and/or positive PCR for Leishmania  spp. and Negative Control composed by individuals with negative anti - Leishmania antibodie s serology and negative PCR for Leishmania . During VL, CD4 lymphocytes showed greater activation and memory profile s and were the major source of cytokines in culture when compared to CD8 lymphocytes , and these were not Leishmania specific. There were act ivated lymphocytes during VL (CD4 + CD69 + :4.9%) when compared to control groups, Positive (CD4 + CD69 + :1.96%, p=0.0045) and Negative (CD4 + CD69 + :1.35%, p=0.006), on the other hand, this was non - specific activation. The lymphocyte activation profile remain ed el evated even 14 months post treatmen t. A fter clinical cure , the activation was Leishmania specific (CD4 + CD25 + absence of SLA: 8.4%, and presence of SLA: 10.7% p=0.0279). CD8 + CD25 + lymphocytes were able to produce Leishmania specific IFN - γ in both, Positive Controls (absence of SLA 5.2% and presence of SLA: 9.5%, p=0.0391) and Cured 4 month (absence of SLA: 3.9%; presence of SLA: 10.7% p=0.0098). Whole blood culture cells, of VL patients, were able to produce IFN - γ, by SLA stimulation (absence of SLA: 28.0 pg ∕mL, and presence: 44.3 pg∕mL p=0.0020) as well as recovered groups (absence of SLA 2.3 pg∕mL and presence of SLA 139.8 pg∕mL, p=0.0005). However, the high level of IL - 10 seem ed to inhibit pro - inflammatory activity of IFN - γ and TNF - α during symptomatic dis ease . Unlike other pro - inflammatory cytokines, active VL group d id not produce Leishmania specific IL - 2 (absence of SLA 2.4 pg∕mL and presence of SLA: 2.6 pg∕mL). Based on these data we conclude that the restoration of lymphocyte activation and decreased i n IL - 10 Leishmania specific production were related to a protective immune profile.

Sonho e cura: o culto de Asclépio em Epidauro entre os séculos IV e II a. C.

Profound changes have marked Greek society from the fourth century B.C.. Conquests, wars and epidemics altered drastically the Greek’s posture regarding his public life, his conception of gods and hence the construction of their spaces, whether sacred or profane. Through the fonts, we perceived that the cult of god Asklepeios turned very popular, in this context, for the peculiar way that the god relates to his devotees, through the dreams. We know that the dream was held, for the Greeks, as a space of real existence, it was sacred, and could be accessed in the healing rituals of Asklepios. Our work intends, thereby, to understand the curious and peculiar oniric space, mainly through the inscriptions, architectural structures of the sanctuary and the ancient texts that refer to the context of the period, because we understand that this space was the essential condition for the popularization of the cult, it placed the individual in direct contact with the divinity, a rare closeness between men and gods accepted by the greek imagery until then.

Otimização de parâmetros mecânicos e microestruturais dos moldes em areia de sílica ligados quimicamente pelo processo de cura a frio em fundição de aço

Surface defects on steel parts borne costs of smelting industries due to the need of rework. Sand molds are frequently used in foundry industries and largely responsible for providing surface defects. This study aims to optimize the levels of the molding process variables to minimize the occurrence of surface defects in steel castings in silica sand molds chemically linked by cold cure process. The methodology used the experimental design with split plot, being considered in the study the resin percentage factors in the mold formulation, addition of iron oxide, type of paint, the paint application method, amount of ink layers, use of hot air along the lines and waiting time of the mold before casting. They were analyzed as response variables erosion defects, sand inclusion, penetration, porosity and surface finish. Tensile strength tests were performed to evaluate the influence of factors on mechanical parameters and the microstructural parameters were carried out the analysis of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal analysis (TG / DSC / dilatometry). The results elucidate that for the faulty erosion, the only significant factor with a 95% confidence level was the type of ink and the ink alumina-based superior results obtained. For the sand inclusion of defect, there were three significant factors, with best results obtained with alumina-based paint and spray applied using hot air in the mold before casting the metal. For the defect penetration, there were four significant factors, the best results being achieved with 0.8% of resin and addition of iron oxide in the molding formulation, the paint being applied by brush and standby time of 24 hours before leak. For the defect porosity with a 95% confidence level, no significant factors. For the defect surface finish, the best results were achieved with the 0.8% formulation of the resin in the mold and application of the paint brush. To obtain the levels of the factors that optimize all defects simultaneously, we performed a weighted average of the results of each type of fault, concluding that the best levels of the factors were: 0.8% resin and addition of iron oxide in the formulation of the template, application of two coats of paint applied with a brush or spray, using hot air in the mold before casting and 24 hours of waiting ready the mold before casting. These levels of the optimized factors were used in an experiment to confirm that ratified the results, helping to reduce rework and consequently reducing costs of cast steel parts.

Avaliação e correções de testes de hipóteses em modelos de sobrevivência com fração de cura

Survival models deals with the modelling of time to event data. In certain situations, a share of the population can no longer be subjected to the event occurrence. In this context, the cure fraction models emerged. Among the models that incorporate a fraction of cured one of the most known is the promotion time model. In the present study we discuss hypothesis testing in the promotion time model with Weibull distribution for the failure times of susceptible individuals. Hypothesis testing in this model may be performed based on likelihood ratio, gradient, score or Wald statistics. The critical values are obtained from asymptotic approximations, which may result in size distortions in nite sample sizes. This study proposes bootstrap corrections to the aforementioned tests and Bartlett bootstrap to the likelihood ratio statistic in Weibull promotion time model. Using Monte Carlo simulations we compared the nite sample performances of the proposed corrections in contrast with the usual tests. The numerical evidence favors the proposed corrected tests. At the end of the work an empirical application is presented.

Modelos flexíveis de sobrevivência com fração de cura: implementação computacional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Características genotípicas de Staphylococcus coagulase-negativos e taxas de cura da mastite ovina.

A mastite em ovelhas de dupla aptidão é reconhecida por afetar a qualidade do leite. Staphylococcus coagulase-negativos (SCN) são os principais micro-organismos responsáveis pela doença, e o tratamento ao final da lactação, pode contribuir para a cura e prevenção de casos subclínicos na lactação consecutiva. Entretanto, fatores de virulência e mecanismos de resistência apresentados por SCN podem reduzir as taxas de cura. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar no leite de ovelhas tratadas e não tratadas à secagem com antimicrobianos, as espécies de SCN antes e após o tratamento e identificar nesses micro-organismos a presença dos genes mecA, icaA, icaC, icaD, bap, bhp, sea, seb, sec, sed e tsst-1, determinar o perfil clonal das principais espécies identificadas e relacionar os casos de cura após o tratamento com a presença/ausência dos respectivos genes. Sessenta ovelhas foram divididas em três grupos experimentais: G1, controle, metades mamárias que não receberam antimicrobiano; G2, metades mamárias em que foram administrados 10 mL de cloxacilina-benzatina 100 mg via intramamária / estrutura convencional; G3, metades mamárias em que foram administrados 86 mL de cloxacilina-benzatina 50 mg via intramamária / estrutura nanoencapsulada. As amostras de leite foram coletadas à secagem e aos 15 e 30 dias pós-parto da lactação seguinte. As análises para identificação das espécies de SCN foram realizadas por meio de testes bioquímicos e Internal Transcribe Spacer (ITS-PCR), e a pesquisa dos genes responsáveis pelos fatores de virulência e pela resistência à oxacilina foram realizados por meio da técnica de reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR). Dentre as espécies identificadas S. warneri prevaleceram nos três grupos experimentais. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva para o gene mecA. O único gene relacionado com a produção de enterotoxinas encontrado foi o sec. Dentre os genes relacionados com a produção de biofilme, icaD foi o único identificado nos três grupos experimentais. Staphylococcus warneri, S. simulans e S. epidermidis apresentaram clones na mesma metade mamária no pré e pós-parto das ovelhas. A cloxacilina benzatina nanoparticulada 50mg / 86 mL foi eficiente para reduzir a mastite subclínica no pós-parto de ovelhas (P= 0,0192). Staphylococcus warneri, S. simulans, S. epidermidis e S. xylosus foram as espécies de maior ocorrência. Os genes icaA, icaC, icaD e bap foram encontrados no momento da desmama e no pós-parto, os genes sec e icaD estão associados à ausência de cura da mastite subclínica no pós-parto. Ovelhas em que foram isolados SCN portadores de genes responsáveis pela formação de biofilme não apresentaram resultados satisfatórios quando submetidas a esquemas de controle e ao tratamento da mastite subclínica. Os genes sec e icaD, estão associadas à ausência de cura microbiológica da mastite subclínica no pós-parto. Staphylococcus epidermidis e S. xylosus portador do gene bap estão associados à reinfecção.

Pilocytic astrocytoma following radiotherapy for craniopharyngioma: case report

Administration of fractionated doses of irradiation is part of the adjutant therapy for CNS tumours such as craniopharyngiomas and pituitary adenomas. It can maximise cure rates or expand symptom-free period. Among the adverse effects of radiotherapy, the induction of a new tumour within the irradiated field has been frequently described. The precise clinical features that correlate irradiation and oncogenesis are not completely defined, but some authors have suggested that tumors are radiation induced when they are histologically different from the treated ones, arise in greater frequency in irradiated patients than among normal population and tend to occur in younger people with an unusual aggressiveness. In this article, we report a case of a papillary astrocytoma arising in a rather unusual latency period following radiotherapy for craniopharyngioma.

Avaliação física do tomate de mesa 'Romana' durante manuseio na pós-colheita

Tomato postharvest losses are very high in Brazil and the goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of handling and the transport of tomato fruits, cultivar Romana on the steps of harvesting, weight and transportation to the packinghouse, pointing some critical points. Tomatoes were harvested at plastic boxes, weighted and shipped to a packinghouse. Fruits taken directly from the plant were determined as reference. The parameters evaluated were weight loss and mechanical injury and tomato physical quality after storage during 21 days. It was observed an increasing on the weight loss, external damage, and postharvest losses, after storage. Handling and transportation were the cause of an increase in 6.6% in external damage and 1.93% of weight loss after storage, when comparing harvested fruits and fruits evaluated on the packing-house. The main reason for postharvest losses was due to mechanical injury caused during transportation mainly due to the compressure force among fruits and against the plastic boxes.

Inibidor da ação do etileno na conservação pós-colheita de Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cv. Dragon

The durability and postharvest quality of cut flowers are fundamental attributes in value along the production chain and in consumer satisfaction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemical inhibitors of ethylene action on maintaining the postharvest quality of chrysanthemum stems (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cv. Dragon). The experiment tested maintenance solutions with silver thiosulfate (STS) under five levels (distilled water, a 0.2 mM STS, the STS 0.2 mM + sucrose at 50 g L-1, STS at 0.4 mM; STS at 0.4 mM + sucrose at 50 g L-1), and date of sampling, for three levels (0, 3, 6 days). Three replications with two flower stems in each treatment were used in the experiment. Physical assessments were made: color, fresh mass and relative water content; chemical evaluations: reducing sugars and pigments, and qualitative assessments: turgidity, flower color, and number of buds, open flowers and partially open flowers. Treatment with 0.2 mM STS resulted in better maintenance of fresh mass of stems. The concentration of pigments and reducing sugar was higher in those treatments in which sucrose was associated. The color and relative water content were favored in treatments STS 0.2 mM and 0.4 mM. The concentration of 0.2 mM STS obtained the best results, prolonging the vase life the stems. The quality of these stems was higher, with the best assessments of water content, color and turgidity.

Soluções de manutenção na pós-colheita de Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Dragon

The development and use of techniques that extend the life vase of the flowers, maintaining the quality of the product, is essential for reducing postharvest losses. The objective of this work was to evaluate different solutions for maintenance, associated or not to sucrose, in maintaining the postharvest quality of chrysanthemum stems. The treatments used distilled water, 8-HQC to 100 mg L-1, 8-HQC to 100 mg L-1 + sucrose 50 g L-1, 8-HQC to 200 mg L-1, 8-HQC to 200 mg L-1 + sucrose 50 g L-1. Physical assessments were made: color, fresh mass and relative water content; chemical evaluations: reducing sugars and pigments, and qualitative assessments: turgidity, color of the flowers, and number of buttons, open flowers and partially open flowers. The combination of 8-HQC 200 mg L-1 + sucrose 50 g L-1 was the best performance that made for maintaining the quality of flower stems, favoring the opening of buttons and turgidity of petals. Sucrose contributed to better maintenance of the reserve substances in the shaft, which had increased the flower vase life.

Qualidade pós-colheita de caqui 'fuyu' com utilização de diferentes concentrações de cobertura comestível

One of the main objectives of applying edible coatings on fruits surface is to create a protective film to reduce weight loss due to evaporation and transpiration and also to decrease the risk of fruit rot caused by environmental contamination, in order to improve the visual aspect. Therefore, it is possible to increase shelf life, and decrease post harvest losses. Persimmon is a much appreciated fruit, with high potential for export, but sensitive to handling and storage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying the edible coating Megh Wax ECF-124 (18% of active composts, consisting of emulsion of carnauba wax, anionic surfactant, preservative and water) produced by Megh Industry and Commerce Ltda in three different concentrations (25, 50 and 100%) on post harvest quality of 'Fuyu' persimmon stored for 14 days. The attributes evaluated for quality were: firmness, pH, acidity, soluble solids, weight loss and color. The results showed that application of carnauba wax in different concentrations was effective on decreasing weight loss of persimmon cv. Fuyu and maintenance of color aspects. Treatment at lower concentration, 25%, showed lower rate of discharge, but high concentrations showed lower values of mass loss. Carnauba wax application showed a high potential for use on postharvest conservation, and can be applied together with other technologies, helping to maintain quality for export.

Contribuição da tomografia computadorizada no diagnóstico e no estudo pós-operatório dos tumores selares

The computerized tomography (C.T.) of 18 pacients with sellar tumours were analysed. The C.T. made before surgery in 6 cases was positive in 3 and the type of tumour suggested by C.T. was confirmed in 3. Twelve pacients had a C.T. investigation after surgery and the examination suggest recurrent tumour in 5. Two of these were re-operated. One pacient with colesteatoma had the recurrent tumour verified by surgery and the other, with a pituitary adenoma during re-operation was noted only cicatricial tissue at sellar region.

Educação do corpo e vida ao ar livre : natureza e educação fisica em São Paulo (1930-1945)

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física