O tríptico da paixão de Cristo do Palácio Nacional da Ajuda: história, estudo material, iconografia e filiação estílistica

O objeto de estudo desta dissertação é um pequeno tríptico do Palácio Nacional da Ajuda, provavelmente dos finais do séc. XV, sobre o qual existe pouca informação. A obra pertence ao acervo de pintura antiga deste palácio/museu (inv. 3540) e encontra-se exposta no “Atelier de Pintura de D. Luís”. Trata-se de uma pintura sobre tábua de carvalho, em mau estado de conservação, representando cinco episódios relativos à Paixão de Cristo: a Flagelação, a Coroação de Espinhos, o Caminho do Calvário e duas cenas relativas à Ressurreição. Apresenta uma iconografia singular, mas as suas características gerais indicam tratar-se de uma pintura tardo-gótica do Norte da Europa, nomeadamente da Alemanha. O objetivo desta tese de mestrado em História da Arte, Património e Teoria do Restauro, consiste na investigação histórica e material desta obra, sobre a qual existe pouca informação. Por ser desconhecida a sua cronologia, autoria e local de produção, além de não haver qualquer documentação ou bibliografia sobre a mesma, iremos estudar esta obra a partir da sua materialidade, iconografia e estilo, na medida em que a obra é um “documento vivo”. Tendo sido agora encontrada a única e a mais antiga referência documental relativa a esta obra, nos arrolamentos de 1913 do palácio (Inventário Judicial), este tríptico consta na "Galeria de Quadros”, indicando ter pertencido à coleção de pintura de D. Luís I. Interessa, então, focar a política de aquisições de pintura antiga nórdica desenvolvida pelo monarca, tentando perceber porque é que o tríptico não consta nos catálogos das exposições (duas edições dos catálogos, 1869 e 1872) da “Galeria de Pintura no Real Paço da Ajuda”, aberta ao público em1869. Porque a interdisciplinaridade entre arte e ciência é fundamental para um conhecimento mais profundo da História da Arte, esta obra foi objeto de um estudo material que consistiu no levantamento in situ da pintura (exames de área e de ponto), na análise laboratorial (estratigrafia, pigmentos e aglutinantes) e na integração dos resultados, para compreender a técnica pictórica, que se articula com a análise iconográfica e de filiação estilística, contribuindo para a integração da obra no seu contexto histórico-cultural de origem, como pintura devocional germânica.

[Obras de Don Manoel de Portugal]

Mode of access: Internet.

Guia do Museu Municipal do Porto : archeologia, numismatica, ethnographia, pintura, esculptura, artes decorativas, materiaes para a historia do Museu.

Preface signed: Rocha Peixoto, conservador interino.

Do paleolítico ao romano : investigação arqueológica na área de Lisboa : os últimos 10 anos : 1984-1993

Updated synthesis of the archaeological research in Lisbon in the last decade (from the Paleolilhic to the Roman time). Cultural and chronological framework, with the presentation of materiais and dates (partly new) that reveal the significant scientific progress achieved.

Falamos português : conhecer Lisboa

Recursos Educativos - Humanidades

Falamos português : museus de Lisboa

Recursos Educativos - Humanidades

Falamos português : por Lisboa antiga

Recursos Educativos - Humanidades

NEW DATA ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE VALE DO FORNO SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE (LOWER TAGUS RIVER TERRACE STAIRCASE) AND ITS RELEVANCE AS FLUVIAL ARCHIVE OF THE MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE IN WESTERN IBERIA

NEW DATA ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE VALE DO FORNO SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCE (LOWER TAGUS RIVER TERRACE STAIRCASE) AND ITS RELEVANCE AS FLUVIAL ARCHIVE OF THE MIDDLE PLEISTOCENE IN WESTERN IBERIA Pedro P. Cunha 1, António A. Martins 2, Jan-Pieter Buylaert 3,4, Andrew S. Murray 4, Luis Raposo 5, Paolo Mozzi 6, Martin Stokes 7 1 MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal: pcunha@dct.uc.pt 2 MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Dep. Geociências, University of Évora, Portugal; aam@uevora.pt 3 Centre for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, Denmark; jabu@dtu.dk 4 Nordic Laboratory for Luminescence Dating, Aarhus University, Risø DTU, Denmark; anmu@dtu.dk 5 Museu Nacional de Arqueologia, Lisboa, Portugal; 3raposos@sapo.pt 6 Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Italy; paolo.mozzi@unipd.it 7 School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, UK; m.stokes@plymouth.ac.uk The stratigraphic units that record the evolution of the Tagus River in Portugal (study area between Vila Velha de Ródão and Porto Alto villages; Fig. 1) have different sedimentary characteristics and lithic industries (Cunha et al., 2012): - a culminant sedimentary unit (the ancestral Tagus, before the drainage network entrenchment) – SLD13 (+142 to 262 m above river bed – a.r.b.; with probable age ca. 3,6 to 1,8 Ma), without artefacts; - T1 terrace (+84 to 180 m; ca. 1000? to 900 ka), without artefacts; - T2 terrace (+57 to 150 m; top deposits with a probable age ca. 600 ka), without artefacts; - T3 terrace (+43 to 113 m; ca. 460 to 360? ka), without artefacts; - T4 terrace (+26 to 55 m; ca. 335 a 155 ka), Lower Paleolithic (Acheulian) at basal and middle levels but early Middle Paleolithic at top levels; - T5 terrace (+5 to 34 m; 135 to 73 ka), Middle Paleolithic (Mousterian; Levallois technique); - T6 terrace (+3 to 14 m; 62 to 32 ka), late Middle Paleolithic (late Mousterian); - Carregueira Sands (aeolian sands) and colluvium (+3 a ca. 100 m; 32 to 12 ka), Upper Paleolithic to Epipaleolithic; - alluvial plain (+0 to 8 m; ca. 12 ka to present), Mesolithic and more recent industries. The differences in elevation (a.r.b.) of the several terrace staircases results from differential uplift due to active faults. Longitudinal correlation with the terrace levels indicates that a graded profile ca. 200 km long was achieved during terrace formation periods and a strong control by sea base level was determinant for terrace formation. The Neogene sedimentary units constituted the main source of sediments for the fluvial terraces (Fig. 2). Geomorphological mapping, coupled with lithostratigraphy, sedimentology and luminescence dating (quartz-OSL and K-feldspar post-IRIR290) were used in this study focused on the T4 terrace, which comprises a Lower Gravels (LG) unit and an Upper Sand (US) unit. The thick, coarse and dominantly massive gravels of the LG unit indicate deposition by a coarse bed-load braided river, with strong sediment supply, high gradient and fluvial competence, during conditions of rapidly rising sea level. Luminescence dating only provided minimum ages but it is probable that the LG unit corresponds to the earlier part of the MIS9 (ca. 335 to 325 ka), immediately postdating the incision promoted by the very low sea level (reaching ca. -140 m) during MIS10 (362 to 337 ka), a period of relatively cold climate conditions with weak vegetation cover on slopes and low sea level. Fig. 1. Main Portuguese reaches in which the Tagus River can be divided (Lower Tagus Basin): I – from the Spanish border to Arneiro (a general E–W trend, mainly consisting of polygonal segments); II – from Arneiro to Gavião (NE–SW); III – from Gavião to Arripiado (E–W); IV – from Arripiado to Vila Franca de Xira (NNE-SSW); V – from Vila Franca de Xira to the Atlantic shoreline. The faults considered to be the limit of the referred fluvial sectors are: F1 – Ponsul-Arneiro fault (WSW-ENE); F2 – Gavião fault (NW-SE); F3 – Ortiga fault (NW-SE); F4 – Vila Nova da Barquinha fault (W-E); F5 – Arripiado-Chamusca fault (NNE-SSW). 1 – estuary; 2 – terraces; 3 – faults; 4 – Tagus main channel. The main Iberian drainage basins are also represented (inset). The lower and middle parts of the US unit, comprising an alternation of clayish silts with paleosols and minor sands to the east (flood-plain deposits) and sand deposits to the west (channel belt), have a probable age of ca. 325 to 200 ka. This points to formation during MIS9 to MIS7, under conditions of high to medium sea levels and warm to mild conditions. The upper part of the US unit, dominated by sand facies and with OSL ages of ca. 200 to 154 ka, correlates with the early part of the MIS6. During this period, progradation resulted from climate deterioration and relative depletion of vegetation that promoted enhanced sediment production in the catchment, coupled with initiation of sea-level lowering that increased the longitudinal slope. The Vale do Forno and Vale da Atela archaeological sites (Alpiarça, central Portugal) document the earliest human occupation in the Lower Tagus River, well established in geomorphological and environmental terms, within the Middle Pleistocene. The Lower Palaeolithic sites were found on the T4 terrace (+26 m, a.r.b.). The oldest artefacts previously found in the LG unit, display crude bifacial forms that can be attributed to the Acheulian, with a probable age of ca. 335 to 325 ka. The T4 US unit has archaeological sites stratigraphically documenting successive phases of an evolved Acheulian, that probably date ca. 325 to 300 ka. Notably, these Lower Palaeolithic artisans were able to produce tools with different sophistication levels, simply by applying different strategies: more elaborated reduction sequences in case of bifaces and simple reduction sequences to obtain cleavers. Fig. 2. . Simplified geologic map of the Lower Tagus Cenozoic basin, adapted from the Carta Geológica de Portugal, 1/500000, 1992). The study area (comprising the Vale do Forno and Vale de Atela sites) is located on the more upstream sector of the Lower Tagus River reach IV, between Arripiado and Chamusca villages. 1 – alluvium (Holocene); 2 – terraces (Pleistocene); 3 – sands, silts and gravels (Paleogene to Pliocene); 4 – Sintra Massif (Cretaceous); 5 – limestones, marls, silts and sandstones (Mesozoic); 6 – quartzites (Ordovician); 7 – basement (Proterozoic to Palaeozoic); 8 – main fault. The main Portuguese reaches of the Tagus River are identified (I to V). The VF3 site (Milharós), containing a Final Acheulian industry, with fine and elaborated bifaces) found in a stratigraphic level located between the T4 terrace deposits and a colluvium associated with Late Pleistocene aeolian sands (32 to 12 ka), has an age younger than ca. 154 ka but much older than 32 ka. In the study area, the sedimentary units of the T4 terrace seem to record the river response to sea-level changes and climatically-driven fluctuations in sediment supply. REFERENCES Cunha P. P., Almeida N. A. C., Aubry T., Martins A. A., Murray A. S., Buylaert J.-P., Sohbati R., Raposo L., Rocha L., 2012, Records of human occupation from Pleistocene river terrace and aeolian sediments in the Arneiro depression (Lower Tejo River, central eastern Portugal). Geomorphology, vol. 165-166, pp. 78-90.

Museus & Pessoas: Sara Barriga Brighenti

Os públicos estão em primeiro lugar, diz Sara Barriga Brighenti, coordenadora do recém-inaugurado Museu do Dinheiro (Lisboa). Esta afirmação pode parecer óbvia, mas nem sempre a conseguimos ver concretizada na maioria dos museus. Em visita guiada ao Museu do Dinheiro, Brighenti falou-nos dos desafios de programar um museu tendo em mente a perspectiva do visitante.

Learning to program : from pear-shaped to pairs

The consistently high failure rate in Queensland University of Technology’s introductory programming subject reflects a similar dilemma facing other universities worldwide. Experiments were conducted to quantify the effectiveness of collaborative learning on introductory level programming students over a number of semesters, replicating previous studies in this area. A selection of workshops in the introductory programming subject required students to problem-solve and program in pairs, mimicking the eXtreme Programming concept of pair programming. The failure rate for the subject fell from what had been an average of 30% since 2003 (with a high of 41% in 2006), to just 5% for those students who worked consistently in pairs.

From slum to suburbia : examining a spectrum of planned and unplanned urban morphology in humid sub-tropical regions of the world

The current rapid urban growth throughout the world manifests in various ways and historically cities have grown, similarly, alternately or simultaneously between planned extensions and organic informal settlements (Mumford, 1989). Within cities different urban morphological regions can reveal different contexts of economic growth and/or periods of dramatic social/technological change (Whitehand, 2001, 105). Morpho-typological study of alternate contexts can present alternative models and contribute to the present discourse which questions traditional paradigms of urban planning and design (Todes et al, 2010). In this study a series of cities are examined as a preliminary exploration into the urban morphology of cities in ‘humid subtropical’ climates. From an initial set of twenty, six cities were selected: Sao Paulo, Brazil; Jacksonville, USA; Maputo, Mozambique; Kanpur, India; Hong Kong, China; and Brisbane, Australia. The urban form was analysed from satellite imagery at a constant scale. Urban morphological regions (types) were identified as those demonstrating particular consistant characteristics of form (density, typology and pattern) different to their surroundings when examined at a constant scale. This analysis was correlated against existing data and literature discussing the proliferation of two types of urban development, ‘informal settlement’ (defined here as self-organised communities identifiable but not always synonymous with ‘slums’) and ‘suburbia’ (defined here as master planned communities of generally detached houses prevalent in western society) - the extreme ends of a hypothetical spectrum from ‘planned’ to ‘spontaneous’ urban development. Preliminary results show some cities contain a wide variety of urban form ranging from the highly organic ‘self-organised’ type to the highly planned ‘master planned community’ (in the case of Sao Paulo) while others tend to fall at one end of the planning spectrum or the other (more planned in the cases of Brisbane and Jacksonville; and both highly planned and highly organic in the case of Maputo). Further research will examine the social, economical and political drivers and controls which lead to this diversity or homogeneity of urban form and speculates on the role of self-organisation as a process for the adaptation of urban form.

Escolha profissional na contemporaneidade: verso e reverso

Neste trabalho, problematizamos as práticas de escolha profissional dos jovens e suas articulações com o mundo do trabalho, a educação e os processos de produção de subjetividade na cena contemporânea. Adotamos o referencial teórico da Análise Institucional, as ferramentas conceituais de Foucault e a Filosofia da Diferença e, como ferramenta metodológica da Filosofia da Diferença, a Cartografia. Sendo esta puro processo, sem começo nem fim, cartografamos, de forma parcial e provisória, os caminhos em que vida e trabalho foram se constituindo nas práticas localizadas e cotidianas dos jovens. A Cartografia permitiu-nos acompanhar a invenção de um percurso de pesquisa ditado pelos deslocamentos e práticas de contágio com jovens, pesquisadora e pesquisa. A radicalidade da experiência foi tanta que afetou o próprio corpo da escrita, produzindo o reverso, um outro lado do texto. Com o conceito de prática de Foucault, seguimos a formação discursiva do conceito de vocação e as suas articulações com as transformações do capital e os efeitos da lógica do mercado na vida dos jovens na atualidade. Diante das intricadas articulações, passamos a questionar a escolha como uma possibilidade, já que esse tema adquire um lugar central nas investigações atuais, pois a máquina capitalista se reinventa na própria produção de desejo. Em outra vertente, analisamos as práticas educacionais que produzem o Homo Economicus e outras práticas inventivas que questionam e se reinventam na composição com um Homo Politicus, numa intervenção em que as escolhas seguem com o outro e não sobre o outro. Trabalhamos com as oficinas como dispositivos de pesquisa que nos permitiram seguir os múltiplos atravessamentos nos jovens e em seus processos de vida, primeiramente em um colégio de uma área semirrural do município de Petrópolis RJ, e depois em Lisboa, Portugal, numa escola secundária pública, numa organização de apoio a migrantes e numa ONG que trabalha com a cultura hip-hop. Esses caminhos nos levaram a um modo de orientação profissional como processo, ao deslocar de uma orientação responsiva, linear, que orienta para um lugar no mundo, para uma orientação intensiva, que acolhe as dúvidas e que se abre a multiplicidades de práticas inventivas com o outro. Uma aprendizagem que pede tempo e corpo e potencializa novos modos de fazer vida, quiçá mais dignos, interessantes e solidários.

A study of information literacy initiatives between secondary schools and universities in the UK

Lonsdale, R. E. & Armstrong, C. (2006). A study of information literacy initiatives between secondary schools and universities in the UK. In A.B. Martins, A.P. Falcao, E. Conde, I. Andrade, M.B. Nunes, M.J. Vitorino (Eds.), Proceedings of 35th Annual conference of the International Association of School Librarianship, Lisboa (Portugal). The Multiple Faces of Literacy: Reading, Knowing, Doing: Selected papers from the 35th Annual Conference of IASL [CD-ROM: PDF version] Lisbon, Portugal 2006 Sponsorship: JISC