Efficacy of Profile .04 taper series 29 in removing filling materials during root canal retreatment-an in vitro study

Objective. The aim of this study was to compare Profile .04 taper series 29 instruments and hand files for gutta-percha removal. Study design. Twenty maxillary central incisors with a single straight canal were instrumented and filled. The teeth were divided into 2 groups of 10 specimens each, according to gutta-percha removal techniques: Group 1- Profile series 29 and Group 2- hand files and solvent. The amount of time for gutta-percha removal and the number of fractured instruments were evaluated. Radiographs were taken and the teeth were grooved longitudinally and split. The area of residual debris was measured using computer software. Results. The time for filling material removal was significantly shorter when Profile series 29 was used (P = .00). Regarding cleanliness, there were no statistical differences in the teeth halves evaluations (P = .05). Hand instruments cleaned the canals significantly better than Profiles, in the radiographic analysis considering the whole canal. Overall, the radiographic analysis showed a smaller percentage of residual debris than the teeth halves analysis. Conclusion. The Profile series 29 instruments proved to be faster than hand instruments in removing root filling materials; however, hand instruments yielded better root canal cleanliness. Some residual debris was not visualized by radiographs. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 108: e46-e50)

Inhibition of proliferation of HT-29 colon adenocarcinorna cells by carboxylate NSAIDs and their acyl glucuronides

Many nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which have antiproliferative activity in colon cancer cells are carboxylate compounds forming acyl glucuronide metabolites. Acyl glucuronides are potentially reactive, able to hydrolyse, rearrange into isomers, and covalently modify proteins under physiological conditions. This study investigated whether the acyl glucuronides (and isomers) of the carboxylate NSAIDs diflunisal, zomepirac and diclofenac had antiproliferative activity on human adenocarcinoma. HT-29 cells in culture. Included as controls were the carboxylate NSAIDs themselves, the non-carboxylate NSAID piroxicam, and the carboxylate non-NSAID valproate, as well as its acyl glucuronide and isomers. The compounds were incubated at 1-3000 muM with HT-29 cells for 24 hr, with [H-3]-thymidine added for an additional 2 hr incubation. IC50 values were calculated from the concentration-inhibition response curves for thymidine uptake. The four NSAIDs inhibited thymidine uptake, with IC50 values about 200-500 muM. All of the NSAID acyl glucuronides (and isomers, tested in the case of diflunisal) showed antiproliferative activity broadly comparable to the parent drugs. This activity may stem from direct uptake of intact glucuronide/isomers followed by covalent modification of proteins critical in the cell replication process. However, hydrolysis during incubation and cellular uptake of liberated parent NSAID will play a role. In HT-29 cells incubated with zomepirac, covalently modified proteins in cytosol were detected by immunoblotting with a zomepirac antibody, suggesting that HT-29 cells do have the capacity to glucuronidate zomepirac. The anti-epileptic drug valproate had no effect on inhibition of thymidine uptake, though, surprisingly, its acyl glucuronide and isomers were active. The reasons for this are unclear at present. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

A cassette ligation strategy with thioether replacement of three Gly-Gly peptide bonds: Total chemical synthesis of the 101 residue protein early pregnancy factor [psi(CH2S)(28-29,56-57,76-77)]

The 101 residue protein early pregnancy factor (EPF), also known as human chaperonin 10, was synthesized from four functionalized, but unprotected, peptide segments by a sequential thioether ligation strategy. The approach exploits the differential reactivity of a peptide-NHCH2CH2SH thiolate with XCH2CO-peptides, where X = Cl or I/Br. Initial model studies with short functionalized (but unprotected) peptides showed a significantly faster reaction of a peptide-NHCH2CH2SH thiolate with a BrCH2CO-peptide than with a CICH2CO-peptide, where thiolate displacement of the halide leads to chemoselective formation of a thioether surrogate for the Gly-Gly peptide bond. This rate difference was used as the basis of a novel sequential ligation approach to the synthesis of large polypeptide chains. Thus, ligation of a model bifunctional N-alpha-chloroacetyl, C-terminal thiolated peptide with a second N-alpha-bromoacetyl peptide demonstrated chemoselective bromide displacement by the thiol group. Further investigations showed that the relatively unreactive N-alpha-chloroacetyl peptides could be activated by halide exchange using saturated KI solutions to yield the highly reactive No-iodoacetyl peptides. These findings were used to formulate a sequential thioether ligation strategy for the synthesis of EPF, a 101 amino acid protein containing three Gly-Gly sites approximately equidistantly spaced within the peptide chain. Four peptide segments or cassettes comprising the EPF protein sequence (BrAc-[EPF 78-101] 12, ClAc-[EPF 58-75]-[NHCH2CH2SH] 13, ClAc-[EPF 30-55]-[NHCH2CH2SH] 14, and Ac-[EPF 1-27]-[NHCH2CH2SH] 15) of EPF were synthesized in high yield and purity using Boc SPPS chemistry. In the stepwise sequential ligation strategy, reaction of peptides 12 and 13 was followed by conversion of the N-terminal chloroacetyl functional group to an iodoacetyl, thus activating the product peptide for further ligation with peptide 14. The process of ligation followed by iodoacetyl activation was repeated to yield an analogue of EPF (EPF psi(CH2S)(28-29,56-57,76-77)) 19 in 19% overall yield.

Texto para discuss??o 29: reforma da previd??ncia: negocia????es entre os Poderes Legislativo e Executivo

Com o intuito de analisar as rela????es Legislativo- Executivo a partir do exemplo da reforma previdenci??ria, este artigo se prop??e a testar essa nova tese sobre o sistema pol??tico, bem como estabelecer, ou reconstituir, padr??es de negocia????o entre os poderes Legislativo e Executivo. Sabe-se que uma teoria nas ci??ncias sociais n??o ?? constru??da ou falseada apenas pelo estudo de um exemplo. Todavia, sabe-se tamb??m que somente uma an??lise espec??fica e qualitativa ?? capaz de salientar aspectos muitas vezes despercebidos por um estudo baseado em dados agregados, al??m de possibilitar novos estudos que atrav??s da acumula????o podem, talvez, reconstruir toda uma teoria. Este trabalho est?? dividido em quatro se????es, seguidas de uma conclus??o. A primeira se????o recupera algumas proposi????es te??ricas sobre o sistema pol??tico, focalizando mais propriamente a quest??o da governabilidade. A segunda prende-se ao debate recente em torno das rela????es Executivo-Legislativo. A terceira caracteriza teoricamente a reforma da previd??ncia. E, por fim, a quarta se????o analisa empiricamente a sua tramita????o no Congresso Nacional

Portaria n?? 158, de 29 de agosto de 2012: constitui a Comiss??o de Apoio ?? Gest??o das A????es de Capacita????o em Idiomas dos Servidores da ENAP

A Comiss??o de Apoio ?? Gest??o das A????es de Capacita????o em Idiomas dos Servidores da ENAP, institu??da pela Portaria n?? 18, de 15 de fevereiro de 2008, tem tido atualiza????es a cada ano, sendo a composi????o vigente objeto da Portaria n?? 158, de 29 de agosto de 2012. O objetivo desta Comiss??o est?? associado ao Programa de Capacita????o em Idiomas na ENAP por meio do qual a Escola financia bolsas de estudos em escolas de idiomas em Bras??lia nas l??nguas inglesa, francesa e espanhola.

Avaliação dos limiares de audibilidade das altas freqüências em indivíduos entre 18 e 29 anos sem queixas otológicas

Estudos recentes que avaliaram os limiares auditivos em altas freqüências trouxeram novas perspectivas à investigação de danos auditivos. Contudo, as pesquisas desenvolvidas ainda não estabeleceram um consenso para os padrões de normalidade dos limiares de audição nessas freqüências. OBJETIVO: Analisar os resultados dos limiares de audibilidade das altas freqüências, em nível de audição, de indivíduos entre 18 e 29 anos sem queixas otológicas. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Tipo seccional transversal. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas 60 audiometrias convencionais, sendo 51 exames com resultados normais, em indivíduos entre 18 e 29 anos. Esses indivíduos foram submetidos à audiometria de altas freqüências utilizando o aparelho AMPLAID 460 e fones de orelha Sennheiser HD 520 II, sendo os limiares obtidos em dBNA. RESULTADOS: Observou-se não existir diferença significativa nos limiares de audibilidade entre o sexo masculino e feminino. Foram obtidos os limiares de audição em dBNA nas altas freqüências para indivíduos sem queixas otológicas, entre 18 e 29 anos. CONCLUSÃO: Sugeriu-se que esses dados poderiam ser utilizados como referência de normalidade para estudos posteriores com equipamento de mesmo padrão, que tivessem como objetivo avaliar alterações auditivas apresentadas em indivíduos jovens.

A promoção/progressão em 2008 de Assistente do 1º triénio a Assistente do 2º triénio (ECPDESP) e a aplicabilidade ou não das Leis nºs 43/2005, de 29.08 e 53-C/2006, de 29.12

Trabalho de natureza profissional para a atribuição do Título de Especialista do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, na área de Direito, defendido a 11-01-2013.

Unesp Informa, 2012, número 29

Boletim elaborado pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Unesp Ciência, 2012, ano 3, número 29

Revista elaborada pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Aspergillus flavus contamination in two Portuguese wastewater treatment plants

Filamentous fungi from genus Aspergillus were previously detected in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) as being Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus), an important toxigenic fungus producing aflatoxins. This study aimed to determine occupational exposure adverse effects due to fungal contamination produced by A. flavus complex in two Portuguese WWTP using conventional and molecular methodologies. Air samples from two WWTP were collected at 1 m height through impaction method. Surface samples were collected by swabbing surfaces of the same indoor sites. After counting A. flavus and identification, detection of aflatoxin production was ensured through inoculation of seven inoculates in coconut-milk agar. Plates were examined under long-wave ultraviolet (UV; 365 nm) illumination to search for the presence of fluorescence in the growing colonies. To apply molecular methods, air samples were also collected using the impinger method. Samples were collected and collection liquid was subsequently used for DNA extraction. Molecular identification of A. flavus was achieved by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the Rotor-Gene 6000 qPCR detection system (Corbett). Among the Aspergillus genus, the species that were more abundant in air samples from both WWTP were Aspergillus versicolor (38%), Aspergillus candidus (29.1%), and Aspergillus sydowii (12.7%). However, the most commonly species found on surfaces were A. flavus (47.3%), Aspergillus fumigatus (34.4%), and Aspergillus sydowii (10.8%). Aspergillus flavus isolates that were inoculated in coconut agar medium were not identified as toxigenic strains and were not detected by RT-PCR in any of the analyzed samples from both plants. Data in this study indicate the need for monitoring fungal contamination in this setting. Although toxigenic strains were not detected from A. flavus complex, one cannot disregard the eventual presence and potential toxicity of aflatoxins.

Fungal burden in waste industry: an occupational risk to be solved

High loads of fungi have been reported in different types of waste management plants. This study intends to assess fungal contamination in one waste-sorting plant before and after cleaning procedures in order to analyze their effectiveness. Air samples of 50 L were collected through an impaction method, while surface samples, taken at the same time, were collected by the swabbing method and subject to further macro- and microscopic observations. In addition, we collected air samples of 250 L using the impinger Coriolis μ air sampler (Bertin Technologies) at 300 L/min airflow rate in order to perform real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) amplification of genes from specific fungal species, namely Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus complexes, as well as Stachybotrys chartarum species. Fungal quantification in the air ranged from 180 to 5,280 CFU m−3 before cleaning and from 220 to 2,460 CFU m−3 after cleaning procedures. Surfaces presented results that ranged from 29 × 104 to 109 × 104 CFU m−2 before cleaning and from 11 × 104 to 89 × 104 CFU m−2 after cleaning. Statistically significant differences regarding fungal load were not detected between before and after cleaning procedures. Toxigenic strains from A. flavus complex and S. chartarum were not detected by qPCR. Conversely, the A. fumigatus species was successfully detected by qPCR and interestingly it was amplified in two samples where no detection by conventional methods was observed. Overall, these results reveal the inefficacy of the cleaning procedures and that it is important to determine fungal burden in order to carry out risk assessment.

Cat infected by a variant of bat rabies virus in a 29-year disease-free urban area of southern Brazil

INTRODUCTION: After 29 years, rabies was detected in a cat in Curitiba, southern Brazil. METHODS: The fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT) were performed on central nervous system (CNS) samples. RESULTS: Direct immunofluorescence was negative, but the biological test was positive and rabies virus was characterized as variant 4 (from Tadarida brasiliensis). CONCLUSIONS: Reappearance of rabies in domestic animals warns of sylvatic-aerial risk of infection and the necessity of monitoring bats in historically rabies-free areas.

Pastas químicas soda-antraquinona de algumas essências nativas da Amazônia Brasileira, comparadas com polpas Soda-AQ de espécies papeleiras clássicas introduzidas na região

Neste trabalho são mostrados os resultados das pesquisas das madeiras da família Moraceae, sobre as suas qualidades papeleiras, comparadas com espécies papeleiras clássicas, para a produção de polpa,através do processo Soda-Aq. Preliminarmente, procurou-se na literatura, informações botânicas, florísticas e silviculturais, tanto das madeiras pesquisadas como das de comparação. Fez a determinação da composição qúimica de todas as espécies. Procedeu-s ensaios de fabricação de pasta química-soda-Aq para o conjunto das essências. realizou-se os branqueamentos das polpas cruas pelos processos C.E.D.E.D., C.E.H.D.E.D e D/C.E.D.E.D., para as polpas oriundas de todas as madeiras envolvidas na pesquisa. Efetuou-se os ensaios de refino e a caracterização das suas propriedades físico-mecânicas, tato das polpas cruas como alvejadas. nos ensaios efetuados são descritas as metodologias e discutidos os resultados. Inferiraram-se várias conclusões, da qual a síntese é que dos indivíduos da família Moraceae pesquisados, o Amapá e a Imbaubarana, podem ser aconselhados como espécies papeleiras para reflorestamento.

ANÁLISE MULTIVARIADA DA DIVERGÊNCIA GENÉTICA EM 29 POPULAÇÕES DE CUBIU (Solanum sessiliflorumDunal) AVALIADA NA ZONA DA MATA DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO

A amplitude da variabilidade genética em 29 populações de cubiu do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Hortaliças do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia-INPA, foi avaliada num experimento conduzido na Estação Experimental da Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária-IPA, em Vitória de Santo Antão, Estado de Pernambuco. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições. Coletaram-se dados referentes a: largura do fruto (cm); comprimento do fruto (cm); diâmetro do colo (cm); área da folha (cm2); altura da planta (cm); número total de frutos/planta; peso médio de frutos/planta (g); produção estimada de frutos (ton/ha); número de lóculos; espessura da polpa (mm) e de sólidos solúveis totais (%). A análise de agrupamento, pelo Método de Otimização de Tocher, usando a Distância Generalizada de Mahalanobis, agrupou as 29 populações de cubiu em 9 diferentes grupos. Entre os pares de menor e maior divergências genéticas, foram identificadas as populações procedentes de Umariaçu (AM) e de São Paulo de Olivença (AM) e as de Borba (AM) e de São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM), respectivamente. As populações originárias de Ataláia do Norte (AM), Borba (AM), Iquitos (Peru), São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM) e de Belém (PA) apresentaram as maiores distâncias genéticas entre os grupos formados. Portanto, podem ser indicadas como progenitores potenciais em programa de melhoramento genético do cubiu.