A idéia de um Conselho de Estado brasileiro : uma abordagem histórico-constitucional

Inclui notas explicativas, bibliográficas e bibliografia

O princípio da ofensividade como complemento necessário à regra da legalidade penal no Estado Democrático de Direito

As ideias políticas e filosóficas que influenciaram a criação da regra da legalidade penal e do princípio da ofensividade têm origem no Iluminismo. Principalmente durante a Idade Média e o Antigo Regime, confundia-se crime com pecado e as pessoas podiam ser punidas por mero capricho do soberano, sem que existisse lei. As arbitrariedades eram gritantes. A finalidade de ambas as teorias surgidas no período da Ilustração, portanto ao pregarem que era necessária a existência de lei prévia para que alguém fosse punido (regra da legalidade) e que o crime pressupunha uma lesão a direito ou bem jurídico de terceiro (princípio da ofensividade) , era a mesma: limitar o poder punitivo. No entanto, a regra da legalidade penal foi muito mais absorvida pelo discurso dogmático-jurídico do que o princípio da ofensividade, sendo oportuno, pois, analisar as razões pelas quais isso ocorreu. Algumas delas serão analisadas neste estudo como, por exemplo, a ausência de previsão explícita desse princípio nas Constituições, a suposta incompatibilidade desse princípio com a separação de poderes e com a própria regra da legalidade penal e a insegurança jurídica que a aplicação de princípios poderia gerar. Além disso, há um fator político de destaque: a consolidação da burguesia exigia a imposição de limites formais ao poder estatal, mas não limites materiais. Outro fator importante foi o advento do positivismo criminológico, no final do século XIX, que, ao confundir crime com doença, retornou ao paradigma do direito penal do autor que havia vigorado na Idade Média. Finalmente, para demonstrar o que impediu a consolidação do princípio da ofensividade especificamente no Brasil, será analisada a influência da doutrina europeia na dogmática nacional.

Liberdade religiosa na Constituinte de 1823 : atores e debates

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, 2016.

Irmandade de Santa Cecília - Implementação local na segunda metade do século XVIII: Évora e Porto.

Abstract: Professional brotherhoods were a fundamental structure of social organization during the Ancien Regime in Portugal. The traditional guild of musicians - Brotherhood of St. Cecilia - was a case of particular relevance to the musical context over a long period of time and was confirmed as a dominant institution, especially in Lisbon. This study establishes a confrontation across the Statutes of the Brotherhood under the Documents (Compromissos) known since 1749, in order to know (a) changes made by the end of the eighteenth century; (b) local specificities in Évora (1780) and Oporto (1784) according to the model of Lisbon (1749 and 1766); (c) connections to specific musical contexts. Resumo: As irmandades profissionais constituiram-se como uma estrutura fundamental de organização social durante o Antigo Regime em Portugal. No caso dos músicos a Irmandade de Santa Cecília afirmou-se como um caso de particular relevância para o estudo do sistema de organização e valorização de atividade confirmando-se como uma instituição dominante, sobretudo em Lisboa. Neste estudo estabelece-se um confronto entre os Estatutos da Irmandade segundo os Compromissos conhecidos desde 1749, no sentido de conhecer (a) alterações introduzidas até finais do século XVIII; (b) especificidades locais em Évora (1780) e Porto (1784) de acordo com o modelo de Lisboa (1749 e 1766); (c) relação com contextos musicais específicos.

Boletim de Cultura da Câmara Municipal de Évora, A Cidade de Évora

Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) confirma-se como o compositor modelar para uma avaliação dos circuitos cosmopolitas da música instrumental ao mais alto nível da aristocracia, complementando alianças e compromissos selados pela partilha de um gosto musical. Entre outros estudos, refiram-se as conclusões recentes de Stephen C. Fischer sobre a circulação das Sinfonias de Haydn em Espanha. Neste trabalho o musicólogo demonstra que a corte, a Casa de Alba e a Casa de Osuna y Benavente estavam entre as Livrarias da aristocracia europeia que recebiam novas obras de Haydn por via directa do compositor em finais do século XVIII. Em Portugal também a reputação da música de Franz Joseph Haydn se situou ao mais alto nível no período compreendido entre as décadas de 1780 e de 1820, tanto na sinfonia, como música de câmara, sobretudo para tecla.

The function of property in creating an effective legal regime for trade in environmental offsets

Market-based environmental regulation is becoming increasingly common within international and national frameworks. Environmental offset and trading regimes are part of the market-based instrument revolution. This paper proposes that environmental market mechanisms could be used to introduce an ethic of land holder responsibility. In order for market based regimes to attract sufficient levels of stakeholder engagement, participants within such scheme require an incentive to participate and furthermore need to feel a sense of security about investing in such processes. A sense of security is often associated with property based interests. This paper explores the property related issues connected with environmental offset and trading scheme initiatives. Relevant property-related considerations include land tenure considerations, public versus private management of land choices, characteristics and powers associated with property interests, theories defining property and the recognition of legal proprietal interests. The Biodiversity Banking Scheme in New South Wales is then examined as a case study followed by a critique on the role of environmental markets.

Business model construction : the importance of regime of appropriability strategies

To date, most theories of business models have theorized value capture assuming that appropriability regimes were exogenous and that the firm would face a unique, ideal-typical appropriability regime. This has led theory contributions to focus on governance structures to minimize transaction costs, to downplay the interdepencies between value capture and value creation, and to ignore revenue generation strategies. We propose a reconceptualization of business models value capture mechanisms that rely on assumptions of endogeneity and multiplicity of appropriability regimes. This new approach to business model construction highlights the interdependencies and trade-offs between value creation and value capture offered by different types and combinations of appropriability regimes. The theory is illustrated by the analysis of three cases of open source software business models

Australian media ethics regime and ethical risk management

Media organizations are simultaneously key elements of an effective democracy and, for the most part, commercial entities seeking success in the market. They play an essential role in the formation of public opinion and the influence on personal choices. Yet most of them are commercial enterprises seeking readers or viewers, advertising, favorable regulatory decisions for their media, and other assets. This creates some intrinsic difficulties and produces some sharp tensions within media ethics. In this article, we examine such tensions—in theory and practice. We then consider the feasibility of introducing an ethics regime to the media industry—a regime that would be effective in a deregulated environment in protecting public interest and social responsibility. In the article, we also outline a rationale and a methodology for the institutionalization of an acceptable and workable media ethics regime that aims to protect the integrity of the industry in a future of undoubtedly increasing commercial pressure.

Disclosure under the prescribed insurance contracts regime : Section 35 of the Insurance Contracts Act 1984 and consumer protection revisited

Section 35 of the Insurance Contracts Act 1984 requires insurers offering insurance policies in six prescribed areas "to clearly inform" prospective insureds of any departure their policies may constitute from the standard covers established by the Act and its accompanying Regulations. This prescribed insurance contracts regime was designed to remedy comprehension problems generated by the length and complexity of insurance documents and to alleviate misunderstanding over the terms and conditions of individual policies. This article examines the rationale underpinning s 35 and the prescribed insurance contracts regime and looks at the operation of the legislation with particular reference to home contents insurance in Australia. It is argued that the means whereby disclosure of derogation from standard cover may be effected largely negates the thrust of the prescribed insurance contract reform. Recommendations to address these operational deficiencies are made.

Notification of data breaches under the continuous disclosure regime

Consumer personal information is now a valuable commodity for most corporations. Concomitant with increased value is the expansion of new legal obligations to protect personal information. Mandatory data breach notification laws are an important new development in this regard. Such laws require a corporation that has suffered a data breach, which involves personal information, such as a computer hacking incident, to notify those persons who may have been affected by the breach. Regulators may also need to be notified. Australia currently does not have a mandatory data breach notification law but this may be about to change. The Australian Law Reform Commission has suggested that a data breach notification scheme be implemented through the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth). However, the notification of data breaches may already be required under the continuous disclosure regime stipulated by the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) Listing Rules. Accordingly, this article examines whether the notification of data breaches is a statutory requirement of the existing continuous disclosure regime and whether the ASX should therefore be notified of such incidents.