962 resultados para Multinacionais brasileiras


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This Thesis deals with the performance improvement on hotels that have adopted the ISO 9000 Quality Management Systems. It is researched the Brazilian hotels that have an ISO 9001 registration with an assessment form based on the Balanced Scorecard approach. The main findings are that ISO 9000 provided improvement on the performance of the hotels in general and also in all the BSC perspectives, and that are different perception on managers and directors, what suggests a need for a tool like BSC to register the performance improvements on the same basis. The Thesis contributes to provide information on the performance improvement in hotels, one of the claimed regarding the low ISO 9000 adoption rate in Brazilian hotels

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In this research we present a study of cultural aspects in dubbed and subtitled films. As a case study, we chose to compare the original French version of "Le fabuleux destin d'Amelie Poulain" with both the subtitled and the dubbed versions in Portuguese, with focus on the interaction between the French and the Brazilian cultures. First we considered that (i) the translation process interferes on the perception of cultural relationships; and that (ii) dubbing and subtitling are two methods of translation that result in distinct perceptions from the spectator. Then, we adopted the translation interpretative theory (Seleskovicth; Lederer, 2001; Deslile, 1980) as the general theoretical framework, since it emphasizes the extralinguistic equivalence on the translation process. Furthermore, we based this research on three analytical procedures, which are: the four-step translating operation, the contrastive perception and a translation's typology based on Vinay and Dalbernet's linguistic procedures (Srpová, 1991, 1995, 2004). We extracted forty-six culture-related elements from the film and identified those belonging to the French ethno-universe. Then, the elements were classified with respect to a theoretical typology, based on concepts found in the Ethnography of Communication and a general typology, based on five general thematic groups, defined by the corpus. The results showed that both Brazilian versions tend to preserve those culture-related elements by using lexical loan and literal translation. The visual context, in its association with the linguistic procedures in both Brazilian versions, was also observed as an important element to the comprehension of the culture-related elements as they are considered in the French culture. As a general observation, the perception of culture-related elements in the film seems effectively be oriented by the translation methods

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This dissertation is a research on the marked topic construction (CT) in Brazilian personal letters from eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The goal of our research is to verify if CT are present in the writing of Brazilians born in the centuries in question. Our research focus is based on the assumptions of generative theory (CHOMSKY 1981; 1986), which states that grammar is internalized in the mind / brain of the writers, with the emphasis on studies of grammatical change, as pointed texts by Paixão de Sousa (2004), Carneiro (2005); Galves, Namiuti and Paixão de Sousa (2006) and Martins (2009). Our corpus was extracted from Projeto Para a História do Português Brasileiro (PHPB) and Cartas Brasileiras coletânea de fontes para o estudo do português. We selected forty-six correspondents who should be inserted into the two criteria set out in this research: to be Brazilian and be born in the centuries mentioned above, so that we could find legitimate topic constructions of PB. This work is based on researches by Pontes (1987), Mateus et al. (2003), Araujo (2006, 2009), Berlinck, Duarte and Oliveira (2009), which actively support us in the study of this linguistic phenomenon in Portuguese. The results show that the marked topic construction in our corpus appear on the writing of Brazilians since the second half of the eighteenth century, while the typical constructions in Brazilian Portuguese locative topic, subject topic and copy topic - are already reflected in the I-language of the writers born in the second half of the nineteenth century and the first of the twentieth century

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Considerando-se as indesejáveis características sensoriais dos compostos sulfurados e o papel negativo que podem representar na qualidade sensorial das aguardentes, foi realizado um estudo para verificar uma possível correlação entre os teores de enxofre presentes em amostras de aguardentes de cana e sua qualidade sensorial. Nesse sentido foram determinados os teores de enxofre de sete amostras de aguardentes de cana, sendo quatro adquiridas no comércio local, e três obtidas em laboratório, utilizando-se alambiques de cobre, de aço inoxidável e de alumínio. As amostras foram então submetidas a testes de aceitabilidade quanto ao aroma, sabor e impressão global, realizados por uma equipe de 30 provadores, em cabines individuais, utilizando-se escala hedônica de nove centímetros. Os resultados assim obtidos após serem submetidos à análise de variância, ao teste de médias de Tukey e à análise de regressão, revelaram haver correlação negativa significativa (p£ 0,05) entre os teores de enxofre e a aceitabilidade das amostras de aguardentes, em relação a todas as características avaliadas, ressaltando o papel negativo representado pelos compostos sulfurados presentes nas aguardentes de cana e indicando ser o método de Ni Raney uma possível opção a ser adotada no controle de qualidade das aguardentes de cana.

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Este estudio examina el fenómeno de asesinato, desde la perspectiva de cambiar la estructura de edad de la zona metropolitana de Natal, Recife y Sao Paulo, utilizando los datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad-SIM/DATASUS, del Ministerio de Salud. Se llevaron a cabo ejercicios teóricos estandarización directa con las estructuras de diferentes edades para evaluar el efecto de los cambios en la estructura de la población en las tasas de mortalidad por homicidio. Los resultados presentados en las pirámides de edad y las cartas apuntan a la población de edad avanzada en las tres áreas metropolitanas de la serie analizada, así como las que muestran un mayor riesgo de victimización en las personas, hombres, de edades comprendidas entre 15 y 39 años. Hemos utilizado diversos ejercicios de las tasas de homicidios con patrones estandarizados de distintas edades, incluyendo una población proyectada para el año 2020 de la Región Metropolitana de São Paulo, cada vez más evidente que cuando la población se vuelve más edad con menos gente en los grupos de mayor riesgo tienden a tener menores tasas de muertes por homicidio, también puede presentar otros resultados siempre la misma línea de razonamiento

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I ntroduction: The assessment of respiratory muscle strength is important in the diagnosis and monitoring of the respiratory muscles weakness of respiratory and neuromuscular diseases. However, there are still no studies that provide predictive equations and reference values for maximal respiratory pressures for children in our population. Aim: The purpose of this study was to propose predictive equations for maximal respiratory pressures in healthy school children. Method: This is an observational cross-sectional study. 144 healthy children were assessed. They were students from public and private schools in the city of Natal /RN (63 boys and 81 girls), subdivided in age groups of 7-8 and 9-11 years. The students presented the BMI, for age and sex, between 5 and 85 percentile. Maximal respiratory pressures were measured with the digital manometer MVD300 (Globalmed ®). The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) were measured from residual volume and total lung capacity, respectively. The data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 15.0 software (Statistical Package for Social Science) by assigning the significance level of 5%. Descriptive analysis was expressed as mean and standard deviation. T'Student test was used for unpaired comparison of averages of the variables. The comparison of measurements obtained with the predicted values in previous studies was performed using the paired t'Student test. The Pearson correlation test was used to verify the correlation of MRP's with the independent variables (age, sex, weight and height). For the equations analysis the stepwise linear regression was used. Results: By analyzing the data, we observed that in the age range studied MIP was significantly higher in boys. The MEP did not differ between boys and girls aged 7 to 8 years, the reverse occurred in the age between 9 and 11 years. The boys had a significant increase in respiratory muscle strength with advancing age. Regardless sex and age, MEP was always higher than the MIP. The reference values found in this study are similar to a sample of Spanish and Canadian children. The two models proposed in previous studies with children from other countries were not able to consistently predict the values observed in this studied population. The variables sex, age and weight correlated with MIP, whereas the MEP was also correlated with height. However, in the regression models proposed in this study, only gender and age were kept exerting influence on the variability of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. Conclusion: This study provides reference values, lower limits of normality and proposes two models that allow predicting, through the independent variables, sex and age, the value of maximal static respiratory pressures in healthy children aged between 7 and 11 years old

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Despite the improvement of Brazilian s living conditions in recent decades, this improvement occurred in a polarized way between groups of better social position. Then, there is still a health inequity´s panorama in Brazil which encompasses the oral health state. This panorama instigated the attainment of this ecological study that aimed to evaluate the relationship of socioeconomic conditions, and public health policies with oral health status in Brazilian capitals. Thus, we performed factor analysis and linear regression using oral health indicators collected from SB Brasil 2010, of socioeconomic conditions from Brazilian Census 2010 and related to water´s supply fluoridation from SISAGUA. Factor analysis with indicators of living conditions revealed two common factors, economic deprivation and socio-sanitary condition. Economic deprivation showed statistically significant positive correlation with DMFT 12 years (p= 0,03) and mean missing teeth (p = 0,002) and negative correlation with caries-free population (p=0,012). Socio-sanitary negatively correlated with DMFT (p <0,0001) and a positive correlation with caries-free population (p = 0.002). Fluoridated water had a significant association with DMFT (p <0,0001), mean missing teeth (p <0,0001) and caries free population (p <0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis for the DMFT of capital was estimated by socio-sanitary condition and fluoridation, adjusted by economic deprivation, whereas the model for the mean missing teeth was estimated only by fluoridation and economic deprivation, and finally the model the rate for the population free of caries in Brazilian capitals was estimated by economic and socio-sanitary status adjusted fluoridated water supply. Therefore, factors related to living conditions and public policies are intrinsically linked to tooth decay issues. Thus, actions, beyond dental care assistance, must be development to impact positively in social and economic conditions, especially, between the most vulnerable populations

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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the consistency indexes among 30 Brazilian university libraries from the south and south-east regions through a specific mathematical formula. It was selected a sample of 30 university libraries that, according to the information in their official sites, have a collection consisted of more than 100.000 copies and allow the search into the on-line catalog. Searches were carried out in every university by means of their sites, requesting books that contained a certain word in its title and were printed in a certain year. The response was a list of available titles in the library, from which we chose at random a title and asked to visualize the complete record to verify the existence of a given subject. This procedure was repeated until we found the same title in five libraries with the chosen subjects. The result is 10 trials, each one consisting of one figure and one table showing the selected libraries, the subjects, the documentary languages ( tools) and the consistency indexes relaxed and rigid. These trials show great discrepancy between the values of consistency indexes with intervals between 73,3% to 34,4% in the relaxed index, and between 60% and 9,6% in the rigid one. It was revealed that the coincidence in determining the subjects is not too high remaining below 39%. It is concluded that the difference between the consistency indexes may be due to factors as: incompatibility among documentary languages; lack of updating of these languages so as to follow the knowledge evolution; absence of a well-defined indexing policy with guidelines clearly established. Procedures of indexing followed by indexers could contribute to the consistency index to be bigger in percentage, since there would be parameters for the indexing process.

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A educação inclusiva envolve dimensões político-administrativas e pedagógicas. O currículo é umas dessas dimensões, e as adequações curriculares aparecem como uma estratégia para que sejam atendidos os princípios de uma escola para todos. Este estudo objetiva caracterizar o campo de estudos da educação inclusiva, por meio de uma revisão da literatura publicada entre os anos 2000 e 2010, em periódicos da área de educação, disponíveis no banco de dados Scielo. As palavras-chave utilizadas foram curricular, currículo, deficiência, educação especial e necessidades especiais. Os resultados demonstram que as produções na área são escassas no que diz respeito às estratégias para efetivação da educação inclusiva, limitando-se, prioritariamente, a reflexões e discussões teóricas que envolvem os princípios e políticas educacionais, pouco retratando experiências didático-pedagógicas que promovam ajustes curriculares e/ou formas de flexibilização do ensino.

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OBJETIVO: Estudar as normas relativas à ética da pesquisa em seres humanos contidas nas Instruções aos Autores de revistas científicas brasileiras. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: As Instruções aos Autores de 139 revistas científicas brasileiras das áreas de medicina, biomedicina, enfermagem, odontologia e ciências gerais foram analisadas com relação às suas recomendações sobre os aspectos éticos. RESULTADOS: Das 139 revistas estudadas, 110 (79,1%) não fazem referências aos aspectos éticos; 17 (12,2%) exigem aprovação prévia pela Comissão de Ética; três (2,1%) fazem referência à Declaração de Helsinque; uma (0,7%) recomenda adotar o consentimento esclarecido; cinco (3,5%) seguem orientações dos requisitos uniformes para manuscritos submetidos a revistas biomédicas e três (2,1%) seguem princípios, normas e padrões éticos não especificados. Nas 29 revistas que fazem referências à ética, as exigências são solicitadas sob as seguintes formas: 15 (51,7%) exigem a inclusão da informação no texto do artigo; duas (6,8%) pedem carta assinada pelos autores; uma (3,4%) solicita cópia da autorização da Comissão de Ética; uma (3,4%) afirma supor que o autor cumpriu as exigências e dez (34,4%) não fazem qualquer referência específica. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados do estudo indicam que na maioria das revistas científicas brasileiras há pouca preocupação em relação aos aspectos éticos da pesquisa em seres humanos, contidas nas Instruções aos Autores. Nas revistas que fazem referência aos aspectos éticos, as exigências são muito variáveis.

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Brazil has about 8,500 km of coastline and on this scale, fishing is a historically important source of animal protein for human consumption. The national fishing background shows a growth of marine fishery production until 1985 and within this period it was recorded a steady decline. From the year 2003 fishing statistics aim to some "recovery" of the total fisheries production, which probably is related to a change in industry practice. The target of commercial fishing became smaller species with low commercial value, but very abundants. The coney, Cephalopholis fulva (Serranidae), is one of these species that have been suffering a greater fishing pressure in recent years. In order to provide data about the current situation of the genetic diversity of these populations, several molecular markers have been being used for this purpose. The prior knowledge of genetic variability is crucial for management and biodiversity conservation. To this end, the control region sequences (dloop) of mtDNA from Cephalopholis fulva (Serranidae) from five geographical points of the coast of Brazil (Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Bahia and Espírito Santo) and the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (FN) were sequenced and their genetic diversity analyzed. The FST values were very low (0.0246 to 0.000), indicating high gene flow between the sampled spots. The indices h and indicate a secondary contact between previously allopatric lineages differentiated or large and stable populations with long evolutionary history. Tests of Tajima and Fu showed expansion for all populations. In contrast, the mismatch distribution and SSD indicated expansion just for coastal populations. Unlike other species of the Atlantic which have been deeply affected by events on later Pleistocene, the population-genetic patterns of C. fulva may be related to recent events occurred approximately 130,000 years ago. Moreover, the data presented by geographical samples of the specie C. fulva showed high genetic diversity, also indicating the absence of deleterious effects of over-exploitation on this specie, as well as evidence of complete panmixia between all sampled populations

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O objetivo foi descrever as experiências de famílias sobre imunização de crianças menores de dois anos. É estudo de natureza descritiva, com análise qualitativa dos dados, entrevistas não estruturadas com 22 sujeitos. Os resultados foram agrupados em: conhecimentos práticos sobre imunização, responsabilidade e obrigatoriedade na imunização e ampliação da prática de imunização. Foram destacados elementos que fortalecem a imunização: experiência e realização pessoal no papel de ser mãe, temor de adoecimento, reconhecimento como um bom cuidado, acesso, flexibilidade do horário, divulgação, cartão de vacinas, campanhas de vacinação e disponibilidade de vacinas, e elementos da não imunização: inexperiência dos pais, recusa de aplicações simultâneas de vacinas, assistência fragmentada, ausência de diálogo, discriminação, falsas contraindicações e obrigatoriedade. A imunização centrada no cumprimento do calendário vacinal, ou em situações autoritárias, está descolada do cuidado familiar. O vínculo com as famílias precisa ser fortalecido para ampliação da adesão às medidas de proteção e promoção da saúde da criança.

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Evidências que o leite produzido e consumido no Brasil nem sempre apresenta a qualidade desejada têm gerado a discussão e desenvolvimento de novas políticas de incentivo à produção leiteira, resultando no desenvolvimento do Programa Nacional de Melhoria da Qualidade do Leite. em complementação, em 2002 o Ministério da Agricultura publicou a Instrução Normativa 51 (IN51), com importantes inovações em relação à conservação e transporte do leite cru, além de estabelecimento de um padrão de qualidade para esse tipo de leite (10(6) UFC/mL), a ser implantado em diferentes prazos nas diferentes regiões do país, a partir de 2005. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar se o leite cru produzido em quatro áreas de quatro estados produtores de leite no Brasil estaria, nesse momento, em condições de cumprir o estabelecido na IN 51, especialmente quanto ao atendimento dos padrões microbiológicos previstos. Amostras de leite cru, coletadas em 210 diferentes propriedades nas regiões de Viçosa, MG (47), Pelotas, RS (50), Londrina, PR (63) e Botucatu, SP (50), foram analisadas quanto aos níveis de contaminação por aeróbios mesófilos, utilizando o PetrifilmTM AC. Parcela significativa das amostras (48,6%) apresentaram contagens acima do determinado pela IN51, sendo 21,3% na região de Viçosa (MG), 56,0% na região de Pelotas (RS), 47,6% na região de Londrina (PR) e 68,0% na região de Botucatu (SP). Considerando as diferenças de cada região, foi possível observar a importância da refrigeração na conservação e transporte da produção, bem como da implantação de boas práticas e assistência técnica nas propriedades. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a adequação às normas estabelecidas pela IN51 pode ser mais difícil em algumas regiões do que em outras, sendo fundamental a adoção da refrigeração na conservação e no transporte da produção, e de programas regionais de assistência a produtores leiteiros.

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The study consists on a qualitative analysis of content ministered by Bioethical discipline on Brazilian Dental Schools. Data collect occurred by semi-structured questioners send by e-mail and correspondence. It was used content analysis by categorical analysis technique, according to Bardin. Among 182 Schools, just 57 (31.3%) shows Bioethical Discipline. It was observed that the discipline is ministered on the first or last year of course generally. Principal subjects broached are bioethical dilemma (76.3%) with polemics questions and others actual like abortion, clone, organs transplant, attendance of patient porter of HIV and bioethical historic (65.8%), bioethical fundaments, principles and models (57.9%). 84.4% researched professors, said that bioethical discipline awake interesting on students because it actual and it's face to patient-professional relation too. It was possible to conclude that bioethical discipline treat in its content some actual and polemic themes that influence dental surgeon formation because promote him conscience and responsibility of him role front attention at oral health, and so, this discipline should be implanted, specifically in the first year of all Dentistry graduation courses.

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Este artigo tem como objetivo registrar e analisar as condições de infraestrutura dos treinamentos de ginastas brasileiras participantes de Jogos Olímpicos (1980-2004), na busca de reflexões para a modalidade de Ginástica Artística Feminina. Para tal, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, que se utilizou do método de História Oral. A partir de uma análise cruzada dos depoimentos das dez ginastas colaboradoras desta pesquisa foi possível perceber que houve um aperfeiçoamento nas condições de infraestrutura a partir do início da década de 90. Este aperfeiçoamento é novamente impulsionado no final da década de 90, com a contratação de técnicos ucranianos, o estabelecimento de uma seleção brasileira permanente e investimentos nas condições de infraestrutura de equipamentos e ginásio. Porém mesmo com a transformação positiva da modalidade nos últimos anos, todas as ginastas do estudo relataram ter passado, em algum momento, por condições não adequadas de treinamento relativas às condições de infraestrutura.