A comparative study of failure features in aerospace grade unidirectional and bidirectional woven CFRP composite laminates under four-point bend fatigue loads

Damage mechanisms in unidirectional (UD) and bi-directional (BD) woven carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates subjected to four point flexure, both in static and fatigue loadings, were studied. The damage progression in composites was monitored by observing the slopes of the load vs. deflection data that represent the stiffness of the given specimen geometry over a number of cycles. It was observed that the unidirectional composites exhibit gradual loss in stiffness whereas the bidirectional woven composites show a relatively quicker loss during stage II of fatigue damage progression. Both, the static and the fatigue failures in unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites originates due to generation of cracks on compression face while in bidirectional woven composites the damage ensues from both the compression and the tensile faces. These observations are supported by a detailed fractographic analysis.

Investigation of orographic features influencing spatial distribution of rainfall over the Western Ghats of India using satellite data

Using remotely sensed Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 rainfall and topographic data from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Digital Elevation Model (DEM), the impact of oroghraphical aspects such as topography, spatial variability of elevation and altitude of apexes are examined to investigate capacious summer monsoon rainfall over the Western Ghats (WG) of India. TRMM 3B42 v7 rainfall data is validated with Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded rainfall data at 0.5 degrees resolution over the WG. The analysis of spatial pattern of monsoon rainfall with orography of the WG ascertains that the grade of orographic precipitation depends mainly on topography of the mountain barrier followed by steepness of windward side slope and altitude of the mountain. Longer and broader, i.e. cascaded topography, elevated summits and gradually increasing slopes impel the enhancement in precipitation. Comparing topography of various states of the WG, it has been observed that windward side of Karnataka receives intense rainfall in the WG during summer monsoon. It has been observed that the rainfall is enhanced before the peak of the mountain and confined up to the height about 800m over the WG. In addition to this, the spatial distribution of heavy and very heavy rainfall events in the last 14 years has also been explored. Heavy and very heavy rain events on this hilly terrain are categorized with a threshold of precipitation (R) in the range 150>R>120mmday(-1) and exceeding 150mmday(-1) using probability distribution of TRMM 3B42 v7 rainfall. The areas which are prone to heavy precipitation are identified. The study would help policy makers to manage the hazard scenario and, to improve weather predictions on mountainous terrain of the WG.

An Eighteen Serum Cytokine Signature for Discriminating Glioma from Normal Healthy Individuals

Glioblastomas (GBM) are largely incurable as they diffusely infiltrate adjacent brain tissues and are difficult to diagnose at early stages. Biomarkers derived from serum, which can be obtained by minimally invasive procedures, may help in early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring. To develop a serum cytokine signature, we profiled 48 cytokines in sera derived from normal healthy individuals (n = 26) and different grades of glioma patients (n = 194). We divided the normal and grade IV glioma/GBM serum samples randomly into equal sized training and test sets. In the training set, the Prediction Analysis for Microarrays (PAM) identified a panel of 18 cytokines that could discriminate GBM sera fromnormal sera with maximum accuracy (95.40%) and minimum error (4.60%). The 18-cytokine signature obtained in the training set discriminated GBM sera from normal sera in the test set as well (accuracy 96.55%; error 3.45%). Interestingly, the 18-cytokine signature also differentiated grade II/Diffuse Astrocytoma (DA) and grade III/Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA) sera from normal sera very efficiently (DA vs. normal-accuracy 96.00%, error 4.00%; AA vs. normal-accuracy 95.83%, error 4.17%). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis using 18 cytokines resulted in the enrichment of two pathways, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and JAK-STAT pathways with high significance. Thus our study identified an 18-cytokine signature for distinguishing glioma sera fromnormal healthy individual sera and also demonstrated the importance of their differential abundance in glioma biology.

Direct Observation of Thermal Equilibrium of Excited Triplet States of 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone. A Time-Resolved Resonance Raman Study

The photochemistry of aromatic ketones plays a key role in various physicochemical and biological processes, and solvent polarity can be used to tune their triplet state properties. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the conformational structure and the solvent polarity induced energy level reordering of the two lowest triplet states of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ) was carried out using nanosecond-time-resolved absorption (ns-TRA), time-resolved resonance Raman (TR3) spectroscopy, and time dependent-density functional theory (TD-DFT) studies. The ns-TRA of PQ in acetonitrile displays two bands in the visible range, and these two bands decay with similar lifetime at least at longer time scales (mu s). Interestingly, TR3 spectra of these two bands indicate that the kinetics are different at shorter time scales (ns), while at longer time scales they followed the kinetics of ns-TRA spectra. Therefore, we report a real-time observation of the thermal equilibrium between the two lowest triplet excited states of PQ assigned to n pi* and pi pi* of which the pi pi* triplet state is formed first through intersystem crossing. Despite the fact that these two states are energetically close and have a similar conformational structure supported by TD-DFT studies, the slow internal conversion (similar to 2 ns) between the T-2(1(3)n pi*) and T-1(1(3)pi pi*) triplet states indicates a barrier. Insights from the singlet excited states of PQ in protic solvents J. Chem. Phys. 2015, 142, 24305] suggest that the lowest n pi* and pi pi* triplet states should undergo hydrogen bond weakening and strengthening, respectively, relative to the ground state, and these mechanisms are substantiated by TD-DFT calculations. We also hypothesize that the different hydrogen bonding mechanisms exhibited by the two lowest singlet and triplet excited states of PQ could influence its ISC mechanism.

On the Structural Stability of Melt Spun Ribbons of Fe95-x Zr (x) B4Cu1 (x=7 and 9) Alloys and Correlation with Their Magnetic Properties

Melt spun ribbons of Fe95-x Zr (x) B4Cu1 with x = 7 (Z7B4) and 9 (Z9B4) alloys have been prepared, and their structure and magnetic properties have been evaluated using XRD, DSC, TEM, VSM, and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The glass forming ability (GFA) of both alloys has been calculated theoretically using thermodynamical parameters, and Z9B4 alloy is found to possess higher GFA than that of Z7B4 alloy which is validated by XRD results. On annealing, the amorphous Z7B4 ribbon crystallizes into nanocrystalline alpha-Fe, whereas amorphous Z9B4 ribbon shows two-stage crystallization process, first partially to bcc solid solution which is then transformed to nanocrystalline alpha-Fe and Fe2Zr phases exhibiting bimodal distribution. A detailed phase analysis using Mossbauer spectroscopy through hyperfine field distribution of phases has been carried out to understand the crystallization behavior of Z7B4 and Z9B4 alloy ribbons. In order to understand the phase transformation behavior of Z7B4 and Z9B4 ribbons, molar Gibbs free energies of amorphous, alpha-Fe, and Fe2Zr phases have been evaluated. It is found that in case of Z7B4, alpha-Fe is always a stable phase, whereas Fe2Zr is stable at higher temperature for Z9B4. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2015

Eficiencia de utilización del fertilizante nitrogenado por el cultivo del arroz inundado (Oryza sativa L.) var. Altamira 9

El presente trabajo se realizó en la finca "Las Lajas", ubicada en Malacatoya, Municipio del departamento de Granada, IV Región; con la finalidad de determinar el momento oportuno y el fraccionamiento adecuado de aplicación del fertilizante nitrogenado, haciendo uso de la técnica de 15N en el cultivo del arroz inundado (Oryza sativa L.), variedad Altamira 9. En éste estudio se aplicaron 100 kg N/ha en forma de urea, fraccionados en cuatro partes iguales en diferentes etapas fenológicas del cultivo (Emergencia, Ahijamiento, Inicio de elongación del tallo y Cambio de primordio), siendo que urea marcada con 15N (5.25 átomos % 15N en exceso), fue aplicada en cada época, pero en parcelas diferentes. De ésta forma se trató de evaluar la eficiencia de la fertilización nitrogenada aplicada en diferentes etapas fenológicas del cultivo, pero en idénticas condiciones nutricionales. Los resultados permitieron las siguientes conclusiones : l. En un vertisol (Typic pellusterts), de alto contenido de nitrogeno (0.14 %) la aplicación de 100 kg N /ha, elevó la producción de arroz de 2,874 para 5,400kg de granos por hectárea. 2. El total de materia seca producida por el cultivo se distribuyó en 55% para rastrojo y 45% para grano independiente de la fertilización nitrogenada. 3. La fertilización nitrogenada no afectó la longitud de las panículas (20, cm), el peso de 1000 granos (39.4 g.) ni el porcentaje de N en el rastrojo (0.475%) y granos (0.91%) de el cultivo. 4. El total de N acumulado por el cultivo se distribuyó en 39% para rastrojo y 61% para grano, independiente de la fertilización nitrogenado. 5. El mayor aprovechamiento del N aplicado se obtuvo en las aplicaciones tardías, como lo demuestran los más altos valores de porcentajes de N en la planta proveniente del fertilizante de los tratamientos de aplicación del N marcado aplicado a los 44 días (15%) y 57 días (12%), comparado con las aplicaciones tempranas (5 a 8%}. 6. Del porcentaje de N en la planta proveniente del fertilizante en los granos y rastrojos fueron similares, independiente de la época de aplicación del fertilizante marcado; lo cual indica una alta movilidad del nitrógeno en la planta. 7. La eficiencia de la fertilización nitrogenada aplicándose 100 kg de N /ha divididas en cuatro fracciones iguales, fue de 34%. 8. La más alta eficiencia de absorción del fertilizante aplicado (52%), ocurrió cuando éste se aplicó en la fase de inicio de elongación del tallo.

Teología, 1966, Tomo IV/2 nº 9 (número completo)

La acción pastoral de la Iglesia en la Argentina. Su evolución / Justino M. O´Farrell -- Sentido del Sacrificio cristiano / Mariano Ibáñez -- La dignidad sacerdotal del Pueblo de Dios. Según la doctrina de Santo Tomás de Aquino / Cayetano Saladino -- La Presencia personal de Cristo en la Eucaristía. Notas sobre el origen de la fórmula tridentina / Ricardo E. Vaccaro -- Crónica de la Facultad de Teología (abril-noviembre 1966) -- Índice del tomo IV

Temas de historia argentina y americana, 2006, n° 9 (número completo)

Etnocentrismo o el moderno retorno a la tradición / Gilberto Cristián Aranda Bustamante -- El socialismo peruano en el pensamiento de José Carlos Mariátegui / María Victoria Carsen -- Las relaciones entre el anarquismo mexicano y el argentino, 1920-1930 / María Fernanda De La Rosa -- Voces que crean mundos: el sujeto enunciador colonial (Perú, fines del siglo XVI y principios del XVII) / Valeria Marina Elizalde -- Inmigración ruso-alemana y ruralidad. La colonia agrícola como forma de asentamiento / Fabián Claudio Flores -- Yoshio Shinya, un argentino de espíritu / Joaquín Ignacio Mogaburu -- Beneficencia, control social y disputas de las mujeres en el espacio público del sur bonaerense a fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX / Yolanda de Paz Trueba -- La economía en la Confederación (1852-1861)/ Susana I. Rato de Sambuccetti -- Las representaciones domésticas de la modernidad. Paradigmas de la vivienda popular a mediados del siglo en Argentina / Susana N. Tuler -- Miscelánea -- Reseñas Bibliográficas

Estudios de Historia de España, 2007, vol. 9 (número completo)

Contenido: La Campaña de Muza en el Noroeste en el año 713 y la capitulación de Astorga / Julio Montenegro ; Arcadio del Castillo – La villa de Tordesillas y sus relaciones regionales / Cecilia Bahr – La estructura de la propiedad de la tierra en Murcia durante la conquista castellana / Antonio Vicente Frey Sánchez – La diplomacia y las embajadas como expresión de los contactos interculturales entre cristianos y musulmanes en el Mediterráneo occidental durante la Baja Edad Media / Roser Salicrú i Lluch – El Barón de Rozmital en la Corona de Aragón (nuevos datos sobre la presencia de un ilustre bohemio del siglo XV en la Península Ibérica) / Miguel Raufast Chico – Tres hermanas hispano-judías judaizantes condenadas por la Inquisición. Sus personalidades / Susana Mabel Likerman de Portnoy – Evolución demográfica en Lleida desde la Guerra de la Independencia hasta el final del Trienio liberal / Antonio Sánchez Carcelén – La historia de las relaciones internacionales en España: un marco interpretativo / José Luis Neila Hernández -- Reseñas

第9届国际等离子体化学会议(ISPC-9)

概述了第9届国际等离子体化学会议的论文和活动情况,对这个领域的发展提出了一些看法。

Definição de "pequeno empresário", aplicável ao § 2º do art. 1.179 do Código civil, em relação aos conceitos de "microempresa" e de "empresa de pequeno porte" definidos pela Lei nº 9.841/99

Consultoria Legislativa - Área VII - Sistema Financeiro, Direito Comercial, Direito Econômico, Defesa do Consumidor.

Lei nº 9.504, de 30 de setembro de 1997 - Lei das eleições

Consultoria Legislativa - Área I - Direito Constitucional, Eleitoral, Municipal, Direito Administrativo, Processo Legislativo e Poder Judiciário.

Sobre as alterações no crédito imobiliário e outras referentes à política habitacional contidas na MP 2.212 de 30/8/01 e nas MPs 2.221 e 2.223 de 4/9/01

Consultoria Legislativa - Área VII - Finanças, Direito Comercial, Direito Econômico, Defesa do Consumidor - Área XI - Meio Ambiente, Geografia, Urbanismo, Arquitetura.

Edital nº 9, de 14 de outubro de 1994 : [concurso público para Analista Legislativo : Arquivista e Bibliotecário]

Torna pública a abertura de inscrições para concurso público destinado ao preenchimento dos seguintes cargos de Analista Legislativo: Arquivista e Biliotecário.