Providence, Rhode Island 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Providence, Rhode Island quadrangle which includes areas in the state of Massachusetts. The survey dates (ground condition) of the original paper map are 1885 and 1887, the edition date is February, 1894 and this map has a reprint date of October, 1911. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Webster, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Webster, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey date (ground condition) of the original paper map is 1886-87, the edition date is July, 1892 and this map has a reprint date of 1943. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Springfield, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Springfield, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey dates (ground condition) of the original paper map are 1886 and 1887 and the edition date is 1889. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Sheffield, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Sheffield, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey date (ground condition) of the original paper map is 1884-1885, the edition date is October, 1897 and this map has a reprint date of March, 1908. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Sandisfield, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Sandisfield, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey date (ground condition) of the original paper map is 1886. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Salem, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Salem, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey date (ground condition) of the original paper map is 1886, the edition date is October, 1893 and this map has a reprint date of December, 1897. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Provincetown, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Provincetown, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey date (ground condition) of the original paper map is 1887, the edition date is July, 1889 and this map has a reprint date of January, 1900. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

Taunton, Massachusetts 15 Minute Digital Raster Graphic

This layer is a digital raster graphic of the historic 15-minute USGS topographic map of the Taunton, Massachusetts quadrangle. The survey date (ground condition) of the original paper map is 1885, the edition date is September, 1893 and this map has a reprint date of 1940. A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard series topographic map, including all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is geo-referenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator projection. The horizontal positional accuracy and datum of the DRG matches the accuracy and datum of the source map.

al- Jawhar al-munaḍḍad fī maʻná Qul huwa Allāhu aḥad / li-muʼallifihā Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad al-Biqāʻī al-Dimashqī al-Ṣūfī : manuscript, 1641

A Sufi commentary on Chapter 112 of the Qur'an.

US Democracy Promotion from Bush to Obama. EUSpring Working Paper No. 1, 15 April 2015

Throughout the twenty-first century the United States (U.S.) has attempted to balance its traditional national security interests, whilst also seeking to promote the long-term transformation of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) towards democracy based on liberal values. With the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks providing a catalyst for policy change, the U.S. has moved away from its twentieth-century policy of pursuing a regional status quo and instinctively balking at political change. Yet, the U.S. has not abandoned its reliance on autocratic regimes that cooperate on more immediate national security interests such as counter-terrorism, counter-proliferation, and the free-flow energy sources into the global market. Rather, U.S. democracy promotion in the MENA has become incremental by design and is characterized by its gradualist and often-collaborative nature. U.S. foreign policy in the MENA is, therefore, depicted by a cautious evolutionary stance rather than supporting revolutionary shifts in power.

Petrology and geochemistry of sideromelane glass shards from Pleistocene as layers north and south of Gran Canaria

Major elements, S, F, Cl concentrations and relative proportions of S6+ to total S were analyzed with electron microprobe in sideromelane glass shards from Pleistocene volcaniclastic sediments drilled during ODP Leg 157. Glasses are moderately to strongly evolved and represent a spectrum from alkali basalt, basanite and nephelinite through hawaiite, mugearite and tephrite to phonolitic tephrite. Measured S6+/SumS (0.03±0.98) and calculated Fe2+/Fe3+ (2.5±5.8) ratios in the melt yield preeruptive redox conditions ranging from NNO-1.4 to NNO+2.1. The morphology of the glass shards, variations of S and Cl concentrations (0.010±0.127 wt% S, 0.018±0.129 wt% Cl), calculated preeruptive temperatures (1030±1200 °C) and oxygen fugacities suggest that glasses deposited even within the same ash layers have diverse origin and may have resulted from both submarine and subaerial eruptions. Most vesicle-free glasses are characterized by high concentrations of S and represent undegassed or slightly degassed submarine lavas, whereas vesiculated glasses with low concentrations of S and Cl are strongly degassed and can be ascribed to the eruptions in shallow water or on land. Sideromelane glass shards at Sites 953 are thought to have resulted from submarine eruptions northeast of Gran Canaria, glasses at Site 954 represent mostly volcaniclastic material of shallow water submarine and subaerial eruptions on Gran Canaria and Tenerife, and glasses deposited at Site 956 resulted from submarine or explosive eruptions on Tenerife.

Data on mineral composition of volcanic glass and radiocarbon age of Upper Quaternary sediments from the Sea of Okhotsk

Lithological horizons have been distinguished in sediments cores from different parts of the Sea of Okhotsk based on primary descriptions of sediments and smear slides, and analyses of contents of both calcium carbonate and organic carbon, and opal. Sediment lithology has been correlated with oxygen isotope records and the standard isotope scale and radiocarbon data by AMS method for three cores studied in detail. This allowed to determine in detail periods of carbonaceous and diatomaceous ooze accumulation in the Sea of Okhotsk. Changes in magnetic susceptibility and grain size composition of sediments have been also compared with oxygen-isotope curves and radiocarbon datings. Obtained results confirm that variations in magnetic susceptibility are related with oxygen-isotope stages and influenced by climatic changes. Tephra interlayers K0, TR, K2, K3 have been identified by mineralogical analyses in all studied cores. Stratigraphic location of these tephra interlayers in detailed studied cores and their radiocarbon ages (8.1, 8.05, 26.8, and about 60 ka, respectively) provided base correlation between the interlayers and volcanic eruptions on the Kamchatka Peninsula and the Kuril Islands. This allows to use the former ones as time markers for deep-sea sediments of the Sea of Okhotsk. New lithostratigraphic and tephrochronologic data obtained allowed to correlate Upper Quaternary sediments from the Sea of Okhotsk.

Twentieth century.

Editor: 1889-Apr. 1892, H.O. Pentecost; Apr. 1892-May 1893, Joseph Fitzgerald; July 1895-1898, Daniel O'Loughlin.