Studio portrait of Josef Molling with unidentified man; Heidelberg, Germany.

right: Joseph Molling sitting; left: unknown man standing

Studio portrait of Josef Molling with unidentified man; Heidelberg, Germany.

right: Joseph Molling sitting; left: unknown man standing

Studio portrait of Josef Molling's fraternity; Heidelberg, Germany.

Josef Molling is sitting on the left

Therese Mayerhof nee Molling with Joel, Ilse, Adolf, Grete, and Leopold Meyerhof on rooftop of store and residence Meyerhof am Platze; Hildesheim, Germany.

From left to right, standing: Ilse, Adolf, Grete and Lepold Meyerhof; from left to right, sitting: Joel Meyerhof and Therese Mayerhof nee Molling

Pyhä Kolminaisuus vai pilven reunalla istuva partasuu? : Jumalakuva evankelisluterilaisissa ja ortodoksissa 1.–4.-luokan uskonnon oppikirjoissa 1970–80- ja 2000-luvuilla

A concept of god is a wholeness that an individual experiences as God. The Christian concept of god is based on triune God: Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit. The concept of god is examined in different kinds of contexts particularly between the 1940's and the 1970's. Many researches of school books have widely been made in Finland, but, however, only a few from the point of view of the concept of god. Considering this, the concept of god in the school books of Evangelical Lutheran and Orthodox religion from first to fourth grade in 1970–80 and 2000 is examined in this survey. Additionally, the concept of god in curricula between years 1970 and 2004 is studied. The perspective on the concept of god is the change in the course of time and denominational emphasis. As a first hypothesis, God the Father is represented in books in 21st century as a kind and loving figure. As a second hypothesis, the Trinity and the Holy Spirit get more space in Orthodox books comparing with the Lutheran books. Twelve school books of Evangelical Lutheran and Orthodox religion from first to fourth grade were used as a research material. The books were from four different series between the years 1978 and 2005. Teacher's guidebooks and student's exercise books were left outside of this survey. The research material was analyzed by using abductive content analysis and methodological triangulation. This study included both qualitative and quantitative aspects. The classification system which defined the classifying of concept of god from the research material was consisted of the basis of research material, former reseach, and subtext of used theories. The number of mentions in concept of god was higher in books from the 21st century. In Lutheran books, the change was seen as a growth of the category of God the Father. In Orthodox books, the trend was opposite: the category of Jesus the Son had grown. Differing from the presupposition, the features of loving God in new books had less emphasis than in older books in both churces. The mentions of the Holy Spirit and Trinity were marginal. In the Orthodox books, the categories were bigger, as it was presupposed. It could be seen, that the books confirmed the legalistic period of the concept of god on 3rd and 4th grades. The mentions of concept of god in curriculas have diminished and generalized. The diminution was seen most radically in the curriculum from the year 1994. The results tell something about social changes and views of innovation in curricula. In books the change was not perceived that bright. The idea of the concept of god getting shrank and decreased during the time can be refused.

Therese Molling with Joel, Ilse, Adolf, Grete, and Leopold Meyerhof on rooftop of store and residence Meyerhof am Platze; Hildesheim, Germany.

From left to right, standing: Ilse, Adolf, Grete and Lepold Meyerhof; from left to right, sitting: Joel Meyerhof and Therese Molling

Interior of Aenny Catzenstein's apartment; Onslo Court (?), London Architecture Residences Interior

Aenny Catzenstein is seen sitting on a sofa in the left corner of the picture

Gottschalk family on vacation in front of Kurhaus Brunig; Norderney, Germany.

From left to right: man with camera: Karl Gottschalk; sitting on stairs: Fritz Gottschalk, unidentified woman, Therese Gottschalk nee Molling, Hans Ludwig, Kurt Gottschalk, unidentified woman (maid?) and Elizabeth Gottschalk

Rabbi Leo Baeck's arrival at La Guardia Airport, New York from London for the Union of American Hebrew Congregations American Jewish Cavalcade Portraits; Groups

Sitting l-r Leo Baeck, Maurice N. Eisendrath, Oscar M. Lazrus; Standing l-r Jane Evans, Henry W. Levy, Saul Elgart, Rabbi Daniel L. Davis, Louis Rittenberg and Leonard H. Spring

Studio portrait of Josef Molling's fraternity; Heidelberg, Germany.

Josef Molling is sitting on the left

Henny Molling nee Meyerhof, Therese Gottschalk nee Molling, Kurt, Elizabeth and Hal Gottschalk on the beach; Norderney, Germany.

Sitting in the Strandkorb (beach chair) at Norderney are Henny Molling and Therese Gottschalk; sitting in the sand are Kurt, Elizabeth and Hal Gottschalk

Family portrait at double wedding ceremony of the Heimann and Rosenfelder families Portraits; Family

Double Wedding Ceremony Heimann-Rosenfelder August 17, 1909

Water bottles from China: Decoding visual grammar

On the ALEA Study Tour to China, Beryl Exley and her roomie Kathryn O’Sullivan pondered over their first night dilemma whilst staying at a hotel in Beijing. They read the room service guide (in English) which advised against drinking the tap water and confirming the supply of one bottle of complementary water per guest per day. The room service guide listed ‘special’ bottled water was the equivalent of $AUS7 per bottle. However the dilemma was this: sitting on the shelf above the fridge were three different kinds of water-like bottles. Each had a different label, written mainly in Chinese characters. Not wanting to mistake the bottles, Beryl and Kathryn set about decoding the text of the three bottles in question.

Portrait of the Herzer family of Lwow (Lemberg) Portraits; Family

Verso: Standing l-r: Sigmund (Malka's husband), Sima, Friedka, Zosia, Bernard, Siko (Yehoshua); Sitting l-r: Malka, Esther (Tinka), Pinchas, Sara (Bernard's wife); Inset: Hedva and Tziza, Bernard and Sara's children circa 1931 ages 4 and 5

Studio portrait of Josef Molling with unidentified man; Heidelberg, Germany.

right: Joseph Molling sitting; left: unknown man standing