Influência da suplementação de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) na ração sobre a remodelação cardíaca em ratos submetidos a infarto agudo do miocárdio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Insatisfação corporal e o uso de esteróides anabólicos em homens praticantes de musculação

We can see a current increase in individuals' body care in our society. What happened predominantly with the female audience, today also affects the male one. This increase has recently been linked to the required and exposed standards of beauty by the consumer's culture. The media reinforce this ideology by exhibiting non-fat, Strong bodies. This huge appreciation of beauty in our time has generated numerous disorders related to body image. The vigorexia is one of these disorders and it is predominantly characterized in men, and it has defined in the literature as muscle dysmorphic disorder. Such disorder is generated through a self-distorted perception of the body in which the individual sees his body smaller than it really is, and thereby creates various strategies to increase their body size. One of these strategies has been the use of anabolic androgenic steroids, such substances assist in muscle protein synthesis, thus leading to hypertrophy. Thus, the subjects are released for use with the sense to accelerate his path to the perfect body. Warning that the rampant use of anabolic-androgenic steroids can lead to serious health problems. So, this study is justified by the investigation of the mechanisms that act directly in the construction of body image and by the understanding of the aspects that guide the vigorexia and also how it's related to the use of androgenic anabolic steroids

Utilização da creatina como suplemento esportivo por praticantes de musculação

Nos últimos anos a população está cada vez mais aderente a prática de exercícios físicos, isso causado principalmente por conta da mídia e pela busca de uma vida mais ativa e saudável. Dentre essas práticas, a musculação acaba por despertar maior interesse para os que buscam melhores resultados estéticos, reabilitação, preparação esportiva, alto rendimento e qualidade de vida. Na busca por aumento da performance na academia, os praticantes de musculação têm encarado a utilização de suplementos alimentares como algo imprescindível em sua alimentação e em seus treinamentos. Dentre os principais suplementos consumidos pelos praticantes de musculação, a creatina apresenta grande destaque e preferência, na busca de um maior rendimento em seus treinos, principalmente utilizada buscando o ganho expressivo de força e de massa magra. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo trazer uma revisão de literatura sobre a creatina, desde sua ingestão, absorção, e suplementação até os reais benefícios para quem a utiliza. Para a realização da pesquisa proposta a metodologia usada foi uma revisão bibliográfica de literatura, utilizando-se bases de pesquisa on-line: PubMed e Scielo, trabalhos de conclusão de curso, livros, acervo bibliográfico encontrado na UNESP e entidades conveniadas, selecionando pormenorizadamente as principais fontes publicadas em língua portuguesa e inglesa nos últimos 15 anos. A partir dessa análise, é possível sugerir que a suplementação de creatina, utilizada da maneira correta, pode levar a ganhos significativos de força e de hipertrofia muscular em um trabalho de alta intensidade e curta duração

Expressão de fatores miogênicos e de microRNAs no músculo esqueléticos de ratos submetidos a estímulo atrófico e recuperação por treinamento físico

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Influência da via mTOR no processo de remodelação cardíaca induzida pelo ácido retinóico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos estruturais e moleculares do músculo cardíaco durante a transição entre a disfunção e a insuficiência cardiaca

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Aspectos psicofísicos da imagem corporal e a sua relação com a dismorfia muscular e a dependência de exercício

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Expressão de fatores miogênicos e de microRNAs no músculo esqueléticos de ratos submetidos a estímulo atrófico e recuperação por treinamento físico

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Influência da via mTOR no processo de remodelação cardíaca induzida pelo ácido retinóico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos estruturais e moleculares do músculo cardíaco durante a transição entre a disfunção e a insuficiência cardiaca

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Aspectos psicofísicos da imagem corporal e a sua relação com a dismorfia muscular e a dependência de exercício

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Chronic Stress Improves the Myocardial Function without Altering L-type Ca+2 Channel Activity in Rats

Background: Chronic stress is associated with cardiac remodeling; however the mechanisms have yet to be clarified. Objective: The purpose of this study was test the hypothesis that chronic stress promotes cardiac dysfunction associated to L-type calcium Ca2+ channel activity depression. Methods: Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats (70 - 100 g) were distributed into two groups: control (C) and chronic stress (St). The stress was consistently maintained at immobilization during 15 weeks, 5 times per week, 1h per day. The cardiac function was evaluated by left ventricular performance through echocardiography and by ventricular isolated papillary muscle. The myocardial papillary muscle activity was assessed at baseline conditions and with inotropic maneuvers such as: post-rest contraction and increases in extracellular Ca2+ concentration, in presence or absence of specific blockers L-type calcium channels. Results: The stress was characterized for adrenal glands hypertrophy, increase of systemic corticosterone level and arterial hypertension. The chronic stress provided left ventricular hypertrophy. The left ventricular and baseline myocardial function did not change with chronic stress. However, it improved the response of the papillary muscle in relation to positive inotropic stimulation. This function improvement was not associated with the L-type Ca2+ channel. Conclusion: Chronic stress produced cardiac hypertrophy; however, in the study of papillary muscle, the positive inotropic maneuvers potentiated cardiac function in stressed rats, without involvement of L-type Ca2+ channel. Thus, the responsible mechanisms remain unclear with respect to Ca2+ influx alterations. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2012;99(4):907-914)

Body changes: antiretroviral therapy and lipodystrophy syndrome in people living with HIV/aids

Objective: to identify the different types of morphological alterations from lipodystrophy syndrome (LS) in outpatients and relate them to the therapeutic regimen used. Method: a cross-sectional study which recruited 60 patients with HIV and LS and 79 without LS, who consented to interview and data collection from their medical notes. Results: the region most affected by lipoatrophy was the face; by lipohypertrophy, the abdomen, and by the mixed form, the alterations to the abdomen, face, and upper and lower limbs. Conclusion: among the therapeutic regimens, that comprised of zidovudine, lamivudine and efavirenz seemed to protect against LS. Nursing can act in the early identification of the changes, as well as providing guidance and support for patients affected by the changes in their body image.

Comparison of two experimental models of pulmonary hypertension

Objective: To compare two models of pulmonary hypertension (monocrotaline and monocrotaline+pneumonectomy) regarding hemodynamic severity, structure of pulmonary arteries, inflammatory markers (IL-1 and PDGF), and 45-day survival. Methods: We used 80 Sprague-Dawley rats in two study protocols: structural analysis; and survival analysis. The rats were divided into four groups: control; monocrotaline (M), pneumonectomy (P), and monocrotaline+pneumonectomy (M+P). In the structural analysis protocol, 40 rats (10/group) were catheterized for the determination of hemodynamic variables, followed by euthanasia for the removal of heart and lung tissue. The right ventricle (RV) was dissected from the interventricular septum (IS), and the ratio between RV weight and the weight of the left ventricle (LV) plus IS (RV/LV+IS) was taken as the index of RV hypertrophy. In lung tissues, we performed histological analyses, as well as using ELISA to determine IL-1 and PDGF levels. In the survival protocol, 40 animals (10/group) were followed for 45 days. Results: The M and M+P rats developed pulmonary hypertension, whereas the control and P rats did not. The RV/LV+IS ratio was significantly higher in M+P rats than in M rats, as well as being significantly higher in M and M+P rats than in control and P rats. There were no significant differences between the M and M+P rats regarding the area of the medial layer of the pulmonary arteries; IL-1 and PDGF levels; or survival. Conclusions: On the basis of our results, we cannot conclude that the monocrotaline+pneumonectomy model is superior to the monocrotaline model.

Sanguineous normothermic, intermittent cardioplegia, effects on hypertrophic myocardium: morphometric, metabolic and ultrastructural studies in rabbits hearts

OBJECTIVES: The present investigation aimed to study the protective effect of intermittent normothermic cardioplegia in rabbit's hypertrophic hearts. METHODS: The parameters chosen were 1) the ratio heart weight / body weight, 2) the myocardial glycogen levels, 3) ultrastructural changes of light and electron microscopy, and 4) mitochondrial respiration. RESULTS: 1) The experimental model, coarctation of the aorta induced left ventricular hypertrophy; 2) the temporal evolution of the glycogen levels in hypertrophic myocardium demonstrates that there is a significant decrease; 3) It was observed a time-dependent trend of higher oxygen consumption values in the hypertrophic group; 4) there was a significant time-dependent decrease in the respiratory coefficient rate in the hypertrophic group; 5) the stoichiometries values of the ADP: O2 revealed the downward trend of the values of the hypertrophic group; 6) It was possible to observe damaged mitochondria from hypertrophic myocardium emphasizing the large heterogeneity of data. CONCLUSION: The acquisition of biochemical data, especially the increase in speed of glycogen breakdown, when anatomical changes are not detected, represents an important result even when considering all the difficulties inherent in the process of translating experimental results into clinical practice. With regard to the adopted methods, it is clear that morphometric methods are less specific. Otherwise, the biochemical data allow detecting alterations of glycogen concentrations and mitochondria respiration before the morphometric alterations should be detected