977 resultados para Termoluminescência (TL)
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介绍了 4 π带电粒子多探测器系统 ,该系统由 2 76个探测器单元组成 ,每个单元分别由快、慢塑料闪烁体、碘化铯晶体、硅半导体探测器所组成的望远镜构成。总立体角覆盖约 86 %的 4 π以及有一个很低的能量探测阈。整个探测器系统轴向对称排列 ,工作在真空中。该探测器系统可以鉴别氢、氦的同位素 ,具有大的能量测量动态范围。
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利用HIRFL(兰州重离子研究装置 )产生的 5 5MeV/u的4 0 Ar17+ 离子束 ,在辐照生物学实验终端 ,测量了其经过 1.5mm厚有机玻璃后三个不同角度的碎片分布情况。探索了应用由CsI(Tl) +快塑料闪烁探测器组成的Phoswich探测器研究重离子在生物材料中产生的核碎片角分布测量的可行性 ,结果表明这种实验方法是可行的 ,实验结果令人鼓舞。本工作为进一步的实验积累了可靠的经验。
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利用 HIRFL (兰州重离子研究装置 )产生的 5 5 Me V/ u的4 0 Ar17+ 离子束 ,用由 Cs I(Tl) +快塑料闪烁探测器组成的 Phoswich探测器 ,以 1.5 mm有机玻璃为等效生物组织材料 ,探索了研究等效生物组织中核碎片测量的方法。对实验中可能出现的问题及解决方法进行了探讨。结果表明探测器对 Z可分辨到 16。元素分辨率为 Z/ ΔZ约为 4 0。
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描述了一个 5× 5阵列带电粒子 PHOSWICH闪烁探测器望远镜结构。它的每一个单元由 1片厚度为 1mm,面积为 2 4 mm× 2 4 mm快塑料闪烁体 NE10 2 A和 1个前表面为 2 4 mm× 2 4 mm,后表面为 37mm×37mm,厚度为 4 0 mm的 Cs I( Tl)晶体组成的。在兰州放射性离子次级束流线 ( RIBL L )上测试到 Z/ΔZ =2 0
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Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies have been developed for radiation-hardened military and space applications. The use of SOI has been motivated by the full dielectric isolation of individual transistors, which prevents latch-up. The sensitive region for charge collection in SOI technologies is much smaller than for bulk-silicon devices potentially making SOI devices much harder to single event upset (SEU). In this study, 64 kB SOI SRAMs were exposed to different heavy ions, such as Cu, Br, I, Kr. Experimental results show that the heavy ion SEU threshold linear energy transfer (LET) in the 64 kB SOI SRAMs is about 71.8 MeV cm(2)/mg. Accorded to the experimental results, the single event upset rate (SEUR) in space orbits were calculated and they are at the order of 10(-13) upset/(day bit).
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Multilayers with a structure of Si/[Fe(10 nm)/CU(10 nm)](5) were deposited on Si(100) substrates and then irradiated at room temperature by using 2-MeV Xe20+. The modifications of the multilayers were characterized using a depth profile analysis of the Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) data and the evolution of crystallite structures of the multilayers were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The AES depth profiles indicated that de-mixing of the Fe and the Cu layers was observed at low ion fluences, but inter-mixing of the Fe and the Cu layers was found at high ion fluences and destroyed the layered structure of the multilayers. The obtained XRD patterns showed that, after irradiation by 2-MeV Xe20+ at; 2 x 10(16) ions/cm(2), the peaks of the multilayers related to a Cu-based fee solid solution and an Fe-based bee solid solution phase became visible, which implied that the inter-mixing at the Fe/Cu interface resulted in the formation of new phases. A possible mechanism of modification in the Fe/Cu multilayers induced by ion irradiation is briefly discussed.
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Excited states in Tl-188,Tl-190 have been studied experimentally by means of in-beam gamma spectroscopy techniques, and resulted in the identification of a strongly coupled band based on the pi h(9/2) circle times nu i(13/2) configuration with oblate deformation. The oblate band in doubly odd Tl nuclei shows low-spin signature inversion. It is the first experimental observation of low-spin signature inversion for a band associated with the oblate pi h(9/2) circle times nu i(13/2) configuration.
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为了在CSRm的电子冷却器上进行辐射复合以及双电子复合实验,需要探测能量小于4MeV/u的离子,因此设计了新的置于超高真空环境的CsI(Tl)闪烁探测器,探测器采用的光电倍增管为R7525(Hamamatsu)。介绍了新闪烁探测器的结构,并对其进行了性能测试。测试结果表明,该探测器对高、低能离子均有良好的响应,探测器的信号十分明显。探测器的最高计数率可以达到106ions/s,并且探测器附近的真空度可达10-10Pa量级,能够满足辐射复合与双电子复合实验以及储存环对真空的要求,为今后在CSRm上进行复合实验打下了良好的基础。
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ZnO thin films were implanted at room temperature with 80 keV N+ or 400 keV Xe+ ions. The implantation fluences of N+ and Xe+ ranged from 5.0 x 10(14) to 1.0 x 10(17)/cm(2), and from 2.0 x 10(14) to 5.0 x 10(15)/cm(2), respectively. The samples were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and the Raman scattering modes of the N- and Xe-ion implanted samples varying with implantation fluences were investigated. It was found that Raman peaks (bands) at 130 and 578 cm(-1) appeared in the spectra of ion-implanted ZnO samples, which are independent of the ion species, whereas a new peak at 274 cm(-1) was found only in N-ion implanted samples, and Raman band at 470 cm(-1) was found clearly in Xe-ion implanted samples. The relative intensity (peak area) increased with the increasing of the implantation fluences. From the comparison of the Raman spectra of N- and Xe-ion implanted ZnO samples and considering the damage induced by the ions, we analyzed the origin of the observed new Raman peaks (bands) and discussed the structure changes of ZnO films induced by N- and Xe-ion implantations.
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The 400 MeV/u C-12(6+) ion beam was successfully cooled by the intensive electron beam near 1 A in CSRe. The momentum cooling time was estimated near 15 s. The cooling force was measured in the cases of different electron beam profiles, and the different angles between the ion beam and electron beam. The lifetime of the ion beam in CSRe was over 80 h. The dispersion in the cooling section was confirmed as positive close to zero. The beam sizes before cooling and after cooling were measured by the moving screen. The beam diameter after cooling was about 1 mm. The bunch length was measured with the help of the signals from the beam position monitor. The diffusion was studied in the absence of the electron beam.
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The structural stability of C-60 films under the bombardment of 1.95 GeV Kr ions is investigated. The irradiated C-60 films were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman scattering technique. The analytical results indicate that the irradiation induced a decrease of icosahedral symmetry of C-60 molecule and damage of C-60 films; different vibration modes of C-60 molecule have different irradiation sensitivities; the mean efficient damage radius obtained from experimental data is about 1.47 nm, which is in good agreement with thermal spike model prediction.
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本论文介绍了原子核高自旋态研究的一般概况及有关核模型,描述了在束γ谱实验的原理与技术、数据分析与处理方法,然后着重分析和讨论了双奇核190Tl和146Tb高自旋能级结构的特性。 利用能量为175和167MeV的35Cl束流,通过反应160Gd(35Cl,5n)研究了双奇形变核190Tl的高自旋能级结构。实验进行了γ射线的激发函数和各向异度、X-γ和γ-γ-t符合测量,建立了由πh9/2νi13/2扁椭球转动带和一个具有单粒子激发特征的级联组成的190Tl能级纲图。确定地指定了190Tl的转动带自旋值,首次发现了190Tl πh9/2νi13/2扁椭球转动带的低自旋旋称反转。基于双奇核Tl能级结构的相似性,重新指定了双奇核192-200Tl πh9/2νi13/2扁椭球转动带能级自旋值,澄清了二十多年来国际上一直没有解决的自旋值指定问题且在这些扁椭形变核中均出现了低自旋旋称反转。考虑了p-n剩余相互作用的2-准粒子—转子模型定性地解释πh9/2νi13/2扁椭球转动带出现的低自旋旋称反转现象。 利用118Sn(32S ,1p3n)反应研究了双奇球形核146Tb的高自旋态,建立了激发能达8.39 MeV的能级纲图,其中包括新发现的41条γ射线和新建立的27个能级,并指定了新发现能级的自旋值和部分能级的组态。146Tb81的低位激发态是二准粒子态,高位的激发态是四准粒子态,或二准粒子与偶偶核芯低位激发态的耦合,更高位的能级则是六准粒子态,甚至八准粒子态。利用经验壳模型对部分全顺排组态的激发能进行了理论计算
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本文主要分为两部分,第一部分是有关兰州多阵列4π探测器的设计,它主要是用于中能核反应的实验研究,因而它是根据中能核反应的特点来设计的,具有大的立体角的覆盖,好的空间分辨,低的能量阈以及较大范围的能量、动量测量和良好的粒子分辨等特点。第二部分主要介绍了此4π探测器的单元探测器的研制,其单元主要是由快塑料闪烁体和CsI(Tl)晶体组成的叠层望远镜及由快塑料与慢塑料闪烁体组成的叠层望远镜,主要包括快塑料闪烁体(BS498x)的研制,碘化铯(铊)晶体的选择,光子在闪烁体和光导中传输效率的模拟计算,光电倍增管Base电路的设计,最后是利用HIRFL加速的~(18)O和~(40)Ar束流轰击Ni靶产生的核反应产物对上述两种单元进行了测试,取得非常好的粒子分辨和轻粒子同位素分辨。
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在HIRFL-CSRm的强子物理谱仪(HPLUS)中,电磁量能器(EMC)是其非常重要的组成部分之一。计划中的电磁量能器将使用CsI(Tl)晶体搭建,主要用于高能γ射线和电子的探测,共需要约1020根晶体单元探测器,总重量约3500~5000公斤。另外,我们还计划在CSRm的外靶实验终端建造一个可测量单个射线、所有射线的能量求和以及多重性的γ球探测器,该探测器预计使用CsI(Tl)晶体,总重量约1700公斤。鉴于近代物理所对CsI晶体的大量需求,我们启动了自行研制大尺寸CsI晶体的计划。目前,我们已经掌握了利用Bridgman晶体生长技术,生长出高品质、大尺寸CsI晶体(~100mm×350mm)的工艺。同时我们也掌握了各种不同尺寸和形状的CsI晶体加工工艺。测试结果表明,自行研制的CsI(Tl)晶体的多项指标均好于其他厂家的同类产品。本论文工作的主要内容有:(1)高品质、大尺寸CsI晶体生长工艺的摸索;(2)自制CsI晶体性能的系统测试,包括:光产额的温度效应、PD/APD读出时的能量分辨(源测试)、表面处理和光输出的关系、包装材料的选择、光输出非均匀性、辐照硬度等,以及自制CsI(Tl)晶体在重离子物理实验中的应用等;(3)基于GEANT4软件包,建立了CsI(Tl)晶体探测器的模拟程序,模拟主要集中在对影响单元探测器性能的因素进行分析,包括:侧面泄露、尾部泄露、包装材料的类型和厚度、提前簇射、晶体光输出非均匀性等。建立了EMC探测器的模拟框架,并通过模拟初步确定了HPLUS中EMC探测单元尺寸和和探测单元数目,为EMC设计的优化以及HPLUS的整体模拟打下了重要的基础
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在HIRFL-CSRm的强子物理谱仪(HPLUS)中,电磁量能器(EMC)是其非常重要的组成部分之一,其性能将直接影响CSR上强子物理实验的水平。计划中的电磁量能器将使用CsI(Tl)晶体搭建,主要用于探测来自于强子碰撞中的高能光子和电子。中科院近代物理研究所已经完全掌握了高品质、大尺寸(~F100mm×350mm) CsI(Tl)晶体的生长和加工工艺。测试结果表明,近代物理所自行生长的CsI(Tl)晶体的多项指标都明显优于其他厂家的同类产品。目前,使用自行生长的CsI(Tl)晶体制作的探测器在实验中已得到很好的应用,表现出优良的性能。为优化HPLUS的设计,需要进行大量的Monte Carlo模拟计算,包括物理事例产生器的建立、子探测器的设计及其响应、数据的输出等。目前基于GEANT4的HPLUS模拟软件包正在建立中。EMC是HPLUS的子探测器之一,相应的模拟模拟程序也在建立中。本论文的工作的主要内容包含两个方面: (1)自行生长的CsI(Tl)晶体性能系统测试。包括:能量分辨水平、光输出对温度的依赖关系、辐照硬度以及大尺寸晶体的光输出均匀性等。 (2)为HPLUS的EMC探测器搭建了初步的模拟框架。基于GEANT4软件包,建立了EMC的模拟程序,并对EMC prototype探测器的设计进行了初步模拟,如:侧面泄露、尾部泄露、包装材料的类型、提前簇射等,确定了prototype探测器的尺寸和阵列数,为prototype探测器的设计提供参考依据;对CsI(Tl)晶体单元探测器的光学效应也做了相应的模拟,包括晶体的表面处理和几何形状对闪烁光收集的影响等,并在实际工作中指导了晶体的表面处理