Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation

Protocols of systematic reviews and meta-analyses allow for planning and documentation of review methods, act as a guard against arbitrary decision making during review conduct, enable readers to assess for the presence of selective reporting against completed reviews, and, when made publicly available, reduce duplication of efforts and potentially prompt collaboration. Evidence documenting the existence of selective reporting and excessive duplication of reviews on the same or similar topics is accumulating and many calls have been made in support of the documentation and public availability of review protocols. Several efforts have emerged in recent years to rectify these problems, including development of an international register for prospective reviews (PROSPERO) and launch of the first open access journal dedicated to the exclusive publication of systematic review products, including protocols (BioMed Central's Systematic Reviews). Furthering these efforts and building on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, an international group of experts has created a guideline to improve the transparency, accuracy, completeness, and frequency of documented systematic review and meta-analysis protocols--PRISMA-P (for protocols) 2015. The PRISMA-P checklist contains 17 items considered to be essential and minimum components of a systematic review or meta-analysis protocol.This PRISMA-P 2015 Explanation and Elaboration paper provides readers with a full understanding of and evidence about the necessity of each item as well as a model example from an existing published protocol. This paper should be read together with the PRISMA-P 2015 statement. Systematic review authors and assessors are strongly encouraged to make use of PRISMA-P when drafting and appraising review protocols.

Perceptions of high involvement work practices and burnout: investigating the mediating role of procedural justice and role overload and the moderating role of colleague support

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of employees’ perceptions of high involvement work practices (HIWPs) on burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation) via the mediating role of role overload and procedural justice. Further, perceived colleague support was hypothesised to moderate the effects of role overload and procedural justice on these outcomes.

Design/Methodology
The study was conducted on a random sample of unionised registered nurses (RNs) working in the Canadian public health care sector, stratified by mission and size of the institution to ensure representativeness. Of the 6546 nurses solicited, 2174 returned a completed questionnaire, resulting in a response rate of 33.2%. To test our hypotheses we conducted structural equation modelling (SEM) in Mplus version 6.0 (Muthen and Muthen, 1998 – 2010) with Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation.

Results
The results showed that procedural justice and role overload fully mediated the influence of HIWPs on burnout. Moreover, colleague support moderated the effects of procedural justice and role overload on emotional exhaustion but not depersonalisation.

Limitations
The study used a cross-sectional research design and is conducted among one occupational group (i.e. nurses).

Research/Practical Implications
The findings question the dark side of HRM in the health care context. They also contribute to the lack of theoretical and empirical work dedicated to understanding the ‘black box’ problem (Castanheira and Chambel, 2010).

Originality/Value
The study employs a well-known theoretical perspective from the occupational health psychology literature to the HR field in order to contribute to the lack of theorising in the HR-well-being link.

Managing patient deterioration: evaluation of what works.

Background: Rapid Response Systems (RRS) have been implemented nationally and internationally to improve patient safety in hospital. However, to date the majority of the RRS research evidence has focused on measuring the effectiveness of the intervention on patient outcomes. To evaluate RRS it has been recommended that a multimodal approach is required to address the broad range of process and outcome measures required to determine the effectiveness of the RRS concept. Aim: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the official RRS programme theoretical assumptions regarding how the programme is meant to work against actual practice in order to determine what works. Methods: The research design was a multiple case study approach of four wards in two hospitals in Northern Ireland. It followed the principles of realist evaluation research which allowed empirical data to be gathered to test and refine RRS programme theory [1]. This approach used a variety of mixed methods to test the programme theories including individual and focus group interviews with a purposive sample of 75 nurses and doctors, observation of ward practices and documentary analysis. The findings from the case studies were analysed and compared within and across cases to identify what works for whom and in what circumstances. Results: The RRS programme theories were critically evaluated and compared with study findings to develop a mid-range theory to explain what works, for whom in what circumstances. The findings of what works suggests that clinical experience, established working relationships, flexible implementation of protocols, ongoing experiential learning, empowerment and pre-emptive management are key to the success of RRS implementation.  Conclusion:These findings highlight the combination of factors that can improve the implementation of RRS and in light of this evidence several recommendations are made to provide policymakers with guidance and direction for their success and sustainability.References: 1.Pawson R and Tilley N. (1997) Realistic Evaluation. Sage Publications; LondonType of submission: Concurrent session Source of funding: Sandra Ryan Fellowship funded by the School of Nursing & Midwifery, Queen’s University of Belfast

Realistic evaluation of EWS and ALERT: factors enabling and constraining implementation.

Realistic Evaluation of EWS and ALERT: factors enabling and constraining implementation Background The implementation of EWS and ALERT in practice is essential to the success of Rapid Response Systems but is dependent upon nurses utilising EWS protocols and applying ALERT best practice guidelines. To date there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of EWS or ALERT as research has primarily focused on measuring patient outcomes (cardiac arrests, ICU admissions) following the implementation of a Rapid Response Team. Complex interventions in healthcare aimed at changing service delivery and related behaviour of health professionals require a different research approach to evaluate the evidence. To understand how and why EWS and ALERT work, or might not work, research needs to consider the social, cultural and organisational influences that will impact on successful implementation in practice. This requires a research approach that considers both the processes and outcomes of complex interventions, such as EWS and ALERT, implemented in practice. Realistic Evaluation is such an approach and was used to explain the factors that enable and constrain the implementation of EWS and ALERT in practice [1]. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate factors that enabled and constrained the implementation and service delivery of early warnings systems (EWS) and ALERT in practice in order to provide direction for enabling their success and sustainability. Methods The research design was a multiple case study approach of four wards in two hospitals in Northern Ireland. It followed the principles of realist evaluation research which allowed empirical data to be gathered to test and refine RRS programme theory. This approach used a variety of mixed methods to test the programme theories including individual and focus group interviews, observation and documentary analysis in a two stage process. A purposive sample of 75 key informants participated in individual and focus group interviews. Observation and documentary analysis of EWS compliance data and ALERT training records provided further evidence to support or refute the interview findings. Data was analysed using NVIVO8 to categorise interview findings and SPSS for ALERT documentary data. These findings were further synthesised by undertaking a within and cross case comparison to explain the factors enabling and constraining EWS and ALERT. Results A cross case analysis highlighted similarities, differences and factors enabling or constraining successful implementation across the case study sites. Findings showed that personal (confidence; clinical judgement; personality), social (ward leadership; communication), organisational (workload and staffing issues; pressure from managers to complete EWS audit and targets), educational (constraints on training; no clinical educator on ward) and cultural (routine task delegated) influences impact on EWS and acute care training outcomes. There were also differences noted between medical and surgical wards across both case sites. Conclusions Realist Evaluation allows refinement and development of the RRS programme theory to explain the realities of practice. These refined RRS programme theories are capable of informing the planning of future service provision and provide direction for enabling their success and sustainability. References: 1. McGaughey J, Blackwood B, O’Halloran P, Trinder T. J. & Porter S. (2010) A realistic evaluation of Track and Trigger systems and acute care training for early recognition and management of deteriorating ward–based patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66 (4), 923-932. Type of submission: Concurrent session Source of funding: Sandra Ryan Fellowship funded by the School of Nursing & Midwifery, Queen’s University of Belfast

A realistic evaluation of Early Warning Systems and acute care training in Northern Ireland: findings and recommendations

Statement of purpose The purpose of this concurrent session is to present the main findings and recommendations from a five year study evaluating the implementation of Early Warning Systems (EWS) and the Acute Life-threatening Events: Recognition and Treatment (ALERT) course in Northern Ireland. The presentation will provide delegates with an understanding of those factors that enable and constrain successful implementation of EWS and ALERT in practice in order to provide an impetus for change. Methods The research design was a multiple case study approach of four wards in two hospitals in Northern Ireland. It followed the principles of realist evaluation research which allowed empirical data to be gathered to test and refine RRS programme theory [1]. The stages included identifying the programme theories underpinning EWS and ALERT, generating hypotheses, gathering empirical evidence and refining the programme theories. This approach used a variety of mixed methods including individual and focus group interviews, observation and documentary analysis of EWS compliance data and ALERT training records. A within and across case comparison facilitated the development of mid-range theories from the research evidence. Results The official RRS theories developed from the realist synthesis were critically evaluated and compared with the study findings to develop a mid-range theory to explain what works, for whom in what circumstances. The findings of what works suggests that clinical experience, established working relationships, flexible implementation of protocols, ongoing experiential learning, empowerment and pre-emptive management are key to the success of EWS and ALERT implementation. Each concept is presented as ‘context, mechanism and outcome configurations’ to provide an understanding of how the context impacts on individual reasoning or behaviour to produce certain outcomes. Conclusion These findings highlight the combination of factors that can improve the implementation and sustainability of EWS and ALERT and in light of this evidence several recommendations are made to provide policymakers with guidance and direction for future policy development. References: 1. Pawson R and Tilley N. (1997) Realistic Evaluation. Sage Publications; London Type of submission: Concurrent session Source of funding: Sandra Ryan Fellowship funded by the School of Nursing & Midwifery, Queen’s University of Belfast

Exploiting Human Resource Requirements to Infer Human Movement Patterns for Use in Modelling Disease Transmission Systems: An Example from Eastern Province, Zambia

In this research, an agent-based model (ABM) was developed to generate human movement routes between homes and water resources in a rural setting, given commonly available geospatial datasets on population distribution, land cover and landscape resources. ABMs are an object-oriented computational approach to modelling a system, focusing on the interactions of autonomous agents, and aiming to assess the impact of these agents and their interactions on the system as a whole. An A* pathfinding algorithm was implemented to produce walking routes, given data on the terrain in the area. A* is an extension of Dijkstra's algorithm with an enhanced time performance through the use of heuristics. In this example, it was possible to impute daily activity movement patterns to the water resource for all villages in a 75 km long study transect across the Luangwa Valley, Zambia, and the simulated human movements were statistically similar to empirical observations on travel times to the water resource (Chi-squared, 95% confidence interval). This indicates that it is possible to produce realistic data regarding human movements without costly measurement as is commonly achieved, for example, through GPS, or retrospective or real-time diaries. The approach is transferable between different geographical locations, and the product can be useful in providing an insight into human movement patterns, and therefore has use in many human exposure-related applications, specifically epidemiological research in rural areas, where spatial heterogeneity in the disease landscape, and space-time proximity of individuals, can play a crucial role in disease spread.

Traumatic brain injury and co-occurring problems in prison populations: a systematic review.

Background: A growing body of epidemiological research suggests high rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in prisoners. The aim of this review is to systematically explore the literature surrounding the rates of TBI and their co-occurrences in a prison population.
Methods: Six electronic databases were systematically searched for articles published between 1980 and 2014. Studies were screened for inclusion based on predetermined criteria by two researchers who independently performed data extraction. Study quality was appraised based on a modified quality assessment tool.
Results: Twenty six studies were included in this review. Quality assessment ranged from 20% (poor) to 80% (good) with an overall average of 60%. Twenty four papers included TBI prevalence rates, which ranged from 5.69%-88%. Seventeen studies explored co-occurring factors including rates of aggression (n=7), substance abuse (n=9), anxiety and depression (n=5), neurocognitive deficits (n=4), and psychiatric conditions (n=3).
Conclusions: The high degree of variation in TBI rates may be attributed to the inconsistent way in which TBI was measured with only seven studies using valid and reliable screening tools. Additionally, gaps in the literature surrounding personality outcomes in prisoners with TBI, female prisoners with TBI, and qualitative outcomes were found.

Protocol: A randomised controlled trial evaluation of Cancer Focus NI’s ‘Dead Cool’ smoking prevention programme in post-primary schools

This paper presents a research protocol for a randomised controlled efficacy trial of the ‘Dead Cool’ smoking prevention programme. Dead Cool is a three to four-hour programme designed to be used by teachers with Year 9 students in Northern Ireland. The main outcome of the programme is to prevent students from starting to smoke. The protocol reports a research design intended to test the efficacy of the programme in 20 post-primary school settings. Selected schools included those from secondary /grammar/integrated/single sex/coeducational, rural and urban schools from both the maintained and controlled state sector and independent sector schools. Outcome measures include self-reported behaviours, monitoring of carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaled breath and focus groups designed to assess implementation fidelity and opinions on efficacy in intervention schools and explore the ‘counterfactual’ potential treatments in control schools.

Assessment of Intervention Fidelity and Recommendations for Researchers Conducting Studies on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Cough in the Adult: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report

BACKGROUND: Successful management of chronic cough has varied in the primary research studies in the reported literature. One of the potential reasons relates to a lack of intervention fidelity to the core elements of the diagnostic and/or therapeutic interventions that were meant to be used by the investigators.

METHODS: We conducted a systematic review to summarize the evidence supporting intervention fidelity as an important methodologic consideration in assessing the effectiveness of clinical practice guidelines used for the diagnosis and management of chronic cough. We developed and used a tool to assess for five areas of intervention fidelity. Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from January 1998 to May 2014. Guideline recommendations and suggestions for those conducting research using guidelines or protocols to diagnose and manage chronic cough in the adult were developed and voted upon using CHEST Organization methodology.

RESULTS: A total of 23 studies (17 uncontrolled prospective observational, two randomized controlled, and four retrospective observational) met our inclusion criteria. These articles included 3,636 patients. Data could not be pooled for meta-analysis because of heterogeneity. Findings related to the five areas of intervention fidelity included three areas primarily related to the provider and two primarily related to the patients. In the area of study design, 11 of 23 studies appeared to be underpinned by a single guideline/protocol; for training of providers, two of 23 studies reported training, and zero of 23 reported the use of an intervention manual; and for the area of delivery of treatment, when assessing the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, three of 23 studies appeared consistent with the most recent guideline/protocol referenced by the authors. For receipt of treatment, zero of 23 studies mentioned measuring concordance of patient-interventionist understanding of the treatment recommended, and zero of 23 mentioned measuring enactment of treatment, with three of 23 measuring side effects and two of 23 measuring adherence. The overall average intervention fidelity score for all 23 studies was poor (20.74 out of 48).

CONCLUSIONS: Only low-quality evidence supports that intervention fidelity strategies were used when conducting primary research in diagnosing and managing chronic cough in adults. This supports the contention that some of the variability in the reporting of patients with unexplained or unresolved chronic cough may be due to lack of intervention fidelity. By following the recommendations and suggestions in this article, researchers will likely be better able to incorporate strategies to address intervention fidelity, thereby strengthening the validity and generalizability of their results that provide the basis for the development of trustworthy guidelines.

Efficacy and Acceptability of Reduced Intensity Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Children Aged 9–11 years with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study

OBJECTIVE: Assess efficacy and acceptability of reduced intensity constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

METHODS: Single-subject research design and semi-structured interviews. Children (9-11y) with hemiplegia underwent five baseline assessments followed by two weeks CIMT. Six further assessments were performed during treatment and follow-up phases. The primary outcome was the Melbourne Assessment of Unilateral Upper Limb Function (MUUL). Quantitative data were analysed using standard single-subject methods and qualitative data by thematic analysis.

RESULTS: Four of the seven participants demonstrated statistically significant improvements in MUUL (3-11%, p < .05). Two participants achieved significant improvements in active range of motion but strength and tone remained largely unchanged. Qualitative interviews highlighted limitations of the restraint, importance of family involvement, and coordination of treatment with education.

CONCLUSIONS: Reduced intensity CIMT may be effective for some children in this population; however it is not suitable for all children with hemiplegia.

Concepção, desenvolvimento e integração de roteiros de aprendizagem para o ensino superior

Esta tese considera a investigação, concepção e desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de aprendizagem para o ensino superior, apresentadas sob a forma de Roteiros de Aprendizagem. As abordagens às estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem, suportadas pelas tecnologias, alteram-se a cada momento, sendo uma das principais razões, o crescimento de organizações, empresas e instituições, o que implica a produção de mais conhecimento e onde os trabalhadores começam a transformar-se em trabalhadores de conhecimento, necessitando de se adaptarem à rápida procura e partilha de informação. Da experiência passada, é reconhecido que estratégias e processos pedagógicos são tarefas que podem ser criadas, enriquecidas e dinamizadas pelos actores que participam no processo de aprendizagem: gestores de curso, professores e estudantes. O desafio proposto aos diferentes actores envolvidos acelera também as mudanças que ocorrem na educação, potenciando uma sociedade baseada no conhecimento. O presente trabalho teve início no momento em que foi necessário estabelecer orientações para a aprendizagem durante o semestre em disciplinas tecnológicas, para um amplo grupo heterogéneo de alunos. De forma a tornar a aprendizagem mais eficiente para os alunos e tendo em conta os seus antecedentes, foi necessário desenvolver novas estratégias. Os Roteiros de Aprendizagem tendem a promover o auto-estudo e o estudo acompanhado, dotando o aluno com capacidade para procurar informação relevante e aprender os conteúdos disponibilizados. O resultado deste trabalho pretende fomentar um processo estimulante de ensino e aprendizagem, acompanhado por uma gestão organizada dos materiais de ensino.

Família e aconselhamento genético: o caso dos cancros hereditários

Os desenvolvimentos associados à medicina genómica e biologia molecular representam novas possibilidades no diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção de doenças comuns, confrontando indivíduos e famílias com complexos desafios à integração da informação genética na gestão da saúde e nas suas vidas. Este estudo centra-se em famílias com suscetibilidade genética acrescida a cancros hereditários e pretende contribuir para o conhecimento da experiência individual e familiar do aconselhamento oncogenético, incluindo como pode ser contemplada no desenvolvimento de intervenções de apoio psicossocial e na organização dos cuidados de saúde na era (pós)genómica. O processo de investigação incorpora perspetivas da genética psicossocial e da teoria dos sistemas familiares. Engloba metodologias qualitativas de recolha e análise de dados, envolvendo indivíduos, famílias e profissionais de saúde num formato de investigação-ação participativa. Os principais resultados permitem: i) conceptualizar a experiência do aconselhamento oncogenético, através da caracterização das suas implicações instrumentais, emocionais, relacionais e desenvolvimentais para o indivíduo e sistema familiar; ii) conhecer o desenvolvimento, implementação e avaliação de um programa psicoeducativo multifamiliar, enquanto intervenção de apoio psicossocial a indivíduos com suscetibilidade acrescida a cancros hereditários e suas famílias; e iii) integrar a perspetiva dos profissionais de saúde quanto à incorporação de apoio psicossocial na provisão dos serviços oncogenéticos. As conclusões gerais sustentam a importância do aprofundamento da pesquisa sobre o funcionamento familiar face ao aconselhamento e risco oncogenético, e a incorporação de uma orientação familiar nesses serviços. As implicações decorrentes da suscetibilidade acrescida a doenças genéticas impõem uma discussão alargada aos vários agentes envolvidos no planeamento, provisão e utilização dos cuidados de saúde, no sentido do desenvolvimento de serviços atuantes no continuum biopsicossocial indivíduofamília- sistema de saúde-comunidade.

Abordagens ao ensino e práticas de questionamento no ensino superior

A emergência de uma nova Sociedade baseada na Informação e no Conhecimento despoletou transformações pedagógicas profundas nas instituições de Ensino Superior. Esta agenda para a inovação, no sentido de um ensino mais centrado nos alunos e no desenvolvimento de competências, tem exigido um esforço acrescido de toda a comunidade académica e, sobretudo, por parte dos professores universitários. Num contexto de recetividade para a mudança, mas com dificuldade de operacionalização da mesma, este estudo visa contribuir para a compreensão e superação de fatores que parecem dificultar a transposição da inovação para as práticas de ensino-aprendizagem correntes, através de duas frentes investigativas: i) caracterizar os docentes na sua dimensão conceptual, o que pensam e o que os motiva, e na sua dimensão prática, isto é, as estratégias didáticas que adotam e adaptam; e ainda, ii) criar oportunidades de concretização de inovação através do desenho de estratégias promotoras de questionamento dos alunos, e também dos docentes. A formulação de questões, e a procura de respostas, é reconhecida como sendo fundamental no desenvolvimento e na aplicação de competências centrais, tais como o pensamento crítico e reflexivo, sendo igualmente importante na resolução de problemas. Assim, numa articulação dinâmica entre conhecer, compreender e agir, a investigação envolveu uma colaboração próxima com um grupo de quatro docentes universitários, ao longo de dois anos letivos consecutivos (2009/2010 e 2010/2011), na conceptualização e implementação de diversas estratégias didáticas impulsionadoras do questionamento dos alunos, promovendo-se igualmente o questionamento reflexivo nos docentes. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no contexto de duas unidades curriculares semestrais (Microbiologia e Temas e Laboratórios em Biologia), destinadas sobretudo a alunos do primeiro ano. Enquanto estudo longitudinal de casos múltiplos, com características etnográficas e de investigação-ação, o trabalho de campo envolveu a combinação de diversos métodos de recolha de dados. Realizaram-se várias observações de aulas, assim como entrevistas semi-estruturadas, aos quatro professores colaboradores, e a alguns dos seus alunos. Aplicou-se ainda, em momentos específicos da investigação, uma versão portuguesa do Approaches to Teaching Inventory – ATI (Trigwell, Prosser, & Ginns, 2005) aos docentes. Recolheram-se também todos os documentos escritos produzidos pelos alunos e pelos professores no âmbito da investigação. Todo o desenho investigativo, assim como a análise dos dados, nomeadamente análise de conteúdo e análise documental, encontra-se fundamentado na literatura teórico-empírica de três áreas da especialidade: estudo do questionamento, análise do discurso oral em contexto de aulas de ciências e estudo das conceções e práticas de ensino dos docentes universitários, destacando-se nesta última a linha investigativa das Abordagens ao Ensino. Os resultados obtidos, assim como a reflexão sobre o percurso investigativo, possibilitaram a obtenção de contributos inovadores e úteis no sentido da promoção de um Ensino Superior de qualidade. Por um lado, são de salientar as evidências recolhidas com os quatro casos (docentes) que apontam para uma natureza integrativa das conceptualizações de ensino, constituindo um contributo teórico relevante para o debate académico desta área. Por outro, foi possível aceder a dinâmicas associadas à formulação de questões por docentes universitários em contexto de aulas teórico-práticas e práticas, através do desenvolvimento e aplicação de um modelo de categorização de questionamento. Por fim, a conjugação de evidências do campo das ‘teorias de ensino’ (observação indireta) com as ‘práticas de ensino’ (observação direta) dos docentes possibilitou a identificação e caracterização de uma possível relação entre Práticas de Questionamento e Abordagens ao Ensino de professores universitários, ampliando desta forma o modelo conceptual de Keith Trigwell e colaboradores (Trigwell, Prosser, & Taylor, 1994). Enquanto investigação híbrida que se orientou por princípios do paradigma interpretativo-naturalista, e, também, do paradigma sócio-crítico, foi igualmente possível identificar um conjunto de recomendações específicas para a inovação e para a reflexividade, no sentido de estimular a comunidade académica, e os professores universitários em particular, a agirem como promotores de estratégias didáticas centradas no desenvolvimento de competências.

A convergência dos vídeos musicais na web social: conceptualização e análise

A investigação tem por objetivo a elaboração de um modelo de análise da convergência dos vídeos musicais na Web Social que pressupõe a proposta prévia de uma abordagem epistemológica que promova os vídeos musicais a objeto de estudo nos novos paradigmas de informação e comunicação em plataformas digitais, através de uma abordagem transdisciplinar entre os Web Studies e os Estudos Literários. O corolário da investigação consistirá na elaboração de um modelo conceptual da difusão dos vídeos musicais na Web Social, que será entendida como um processo dinâmico enquadrado no paradigma da convergência digital que envolve o potencial de difusão da Web Social enquanto nuvem rizomática, a fruição participativa dos utilizadores enquanto agentes de difusão, a sistematização dos conteúdos difundidos através da transtextualidade videomusical. O trabalho de investigação foi operacionalizado através de uma triangulação de métodos que se enquadram num desenho qualitativo de investigação. O objetivo dos dois primeiros métodos (aplicação da teoria fundamentada em dados ao método etnográfico) consiste na elaboração de um modelo de análise da convergência e de um modelo conceptual da difusão dos vídeos musicais na Web Social; o do terceiro (casos de estudo) a afinação e demonstração da aplicabilidade dos referidos modelos. O corpus epistémico da investigação consiste na fruição participativa da comunidade de fãs Antville de junho de 2006 a junho de 2011.

O erro como ponte para a aprendizagem em matemática : um estudo com alunos do 7º ano do ensino básico

Tese de mestrado, Educação (Didáctica da Matemática), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2010