822 resultados para Depth Perception


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BACKGROUND: The JAMAR (Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report) has been developed to evaluate the perception of the patient and his parents on different items: well-being, pain, functional status, quality of life, disease activity, disease course, side effects of medication, therapeutic compliance and satisfaction with illness outcome. Our aim was to compare disease's perception by JIA patients and their parents. METHODS: We included into the study 100 consecutive patients over 7 years of age. We asked both parent and child to complete the JAMAR questionnaire. For each patient we recorded demographic and disease related data. We examined the level of disagreement between children and parents for the quantitative items of the JAMAR: VAS Pain, VAS Disease Activity, VAS Well Being, Juvenile Arthritis Functional Score, HRQoL. Then we looked for a relation between discordance-rate and demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: Children and parents' median scores for all five items were similar. Individual dyads agreement was low, with a large amount of pairs (80) discordant for at least one item. We found higher MD VAS and JADAS in more discordant dyads, suggesting that when the disease is more active discordance between child and parent increase. CONCLUSION: The JAMAR questionnaire is an important tool that helps clinicians to detect divergent child and parent's disease perceptions. It is essential that both patients and parents fill the JAMAR questionnaire for a complete clinical and psychosocial evaluation.

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La recerca analitza quines són les claus actuals de l’ús dela LCa Catalunya. Per fer-ho, primer de tot explica quina és la realitat de les polítiques criminals i d’execució penal practicades a Catalunya i a Espanya i les compara amb altres realitats europees. Els resultats d’aquesta primera part fonamenten la conveniència de fer augmentar de manera significativa la seva aplicació i com aquest augment repercutiria positivament en la millora de les taxes de reincidència, en el desistiment del delicte i en la reinserció social de les persones encarcerades. En la segona part de l’estudi s’analitza el perfil de les persones que arriben a la LC però també de les que no hi arriben, tot i complir algunes de les condicions objectives per fer-ho. De l’estudi d’aquests perfils s’analitzen les similituds i diferències en les característiques dels penats i es fan propostes de millora en la classificació de grau penitenciari i la possibilitat de progressió sense que augmenti el risc teòric de reincidència ni el de recursos a assignar, tot i que sí resulti necessari pensar i fer-ne una redistribució dels actualment existents. La tercera part de l’estudi es dedica a analitzar els obstacles que té l’Administració per poder fer propostes de millora per augmentar la seva implementació. Entre les dificultats analitzades es comenten: el model d’aplicació espanyol sobre la LC, la satisfacció de la responsabilitat civil, els estrangers que es troben en situació administrativa irregular a Espanya, els retards en la concessió dels permisos ordinaris i les progressions de grau i el seguiment i control de la LC. L’estudi ha fet servir metodologies quantitatives i qualitatives simultàniament. La informació obtinguda es triangula i s’assenyalen aquells punts on el consens és més global i aquells punts més controvertits on els resultats no permeten extreure’n conclusions fefaents. En la part quantitativa s’han analitzat utilitzant diferents tècniques estadístiques 3.340 casos que es trobaven l’any 2012 en LC, 3r grau i 2n grau. En la part qualitativa, s’ha fet anàlisi de casos, entrevistes en profunditat, grups focals, tècnica Delphi i recull bibliogràfic i de legislació comparada. La recerca acaba proposant 23 propostes de millora agrupades en 6 blocs d’intervenció.

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La investigación analiza cuáles son las claves actuales del uso de la libertad condicional (LC) en Cataluña. Para hacerlo, primero explica cuáles son las realidades de las políticas criminales y de ejecución penal practicadas en Cataluña y España y las compara con otras realidades europeas. Los resultados de esta primera parte fundamentan la conveniencia de aumentar de manera significativa su aplicación y cómo este aumento repercutiría positivamente en la mejora de las tasas de reincidencia, en el desistimiento del delito y en la reinserción social de las personas encarceladas. En la segunda parte del estudio se analiza el perfil de las personas que llegan a LC, pero también de las que no llegan, a pesar de cumplir algunas de las condiciones objetivas para hacerlo. Del estudio de estos perfiles se analizan las similitudes y diferencias en las características de los penados y se hacen propuestas de mejora en la clasificación de grado penitenciario y la posibilidad de progresión sin que aumente el riesgo teórico de reincidencia ni el de recursos a asignar, aunque sí hacer una redistribución de los actualmente existentes. La tercera parte del estudio analiza los obstáculos que tiene la Administración para poder hacer propuestas de mejora para aumentar la aplicación de la LC. Entre las dificultades analizadas se comentan: el modelo de aplicación español sobre la LC, la satisfacción de la responsabilidad civil, los extranjeros que se encuentran en situación administrativa irregular en España, los retrasos en la concesión de los permisos ordinarios y las progresiones de grado y el seguimiento y control de la LC. El estudio ha utilizado metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas simultáneamente. La información obtenida se triangula y se señalan aquellos puntos donde el consenso es más global y aquellos puntos más controvertidos donde los resultados no permiten extraer conclusiones fehacientes. En la parte cuantitativa se han analizado 3.340 casos que se encontraban en 2012 en LC, 3 º grado y 2 º grado utilizando diferentes técnicas estadísticas. En la parte cualitativa, se han hecho análisis de casos, entrevistas en profundidad, grupos focales, técnica Delphi y recopilación bibliográfica y de legislación comparada. La investigación termina proponiendo 23 propuestas de mejora agrupadas en 6 bloques de intervención.

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La problématique : En Suisse, même si l'on constate une longue tradition du modèle de famille pluri-générationnelle multi-locale (Tourollier, 2009), l'évolution démographique a pour effet le vieillissement des aidants (Anchisi, 2010). La société véhicule l'idée que trop de personnes en perte d'autonomie sont abandonnées par leurs familles et que celles-ci relèguent toutes leurs responsabilités à l'Etat. Selon Pitaud (2009), cette vision est erronée, car son étude démontre que les membres de la famille forment généralement le noyau de ce réseau d'aide qui permet leur maintien à domicile. Il s'agit, pour l'auteur, d'une solution à la fois humaine et économiquement acceptable. Le contexte global du vieillissement et de la possibilité de fragilisation psychique suggère qu'une meilleure prise en compte des besoins de l'entourage des personnes souffrants de problématique de démence peut améliorer leur qualité ainsi que celle des proches aidants (Thomas, 2005). But : Cette étude quantitative vise à décrire la perception qu'ont les proches aidants de leur propre qualité de vie incluant leur vulnérabilité. Méthode: Cette étude quantitative descriptive corrélationnelle a été effectuée auprès de 30 proches aidants, recrutés selon un échantillonnage non probabiliste. Pour les corrélations exploratoires, des tests de Pearson, Student, Wilcoxon ou Mann Whitney ont été effectués. Le questionnaire proposé est tiré des études Pixel et il contient des données sociodémographiques, quatre dimensions portant sur la qualité de vie perçue ainsi que deux dimensions sur la vulnérabilité. Résultats: L'âge moyen des proches aidants participant est de 77,47 ans (ÉT 4,74). Les résultats montrent que 40% d'entre eux sont impliqués dans l'aide auprès du malade depuis plus de cinq ans. La plus grande partie a un niveau de formation de type maîtrise professionnelle (70%). Le score moyen de la perception de la qualité de vie (max. 105 points) est de 63.20 (ÉT 10.25). La vulnérabilité perçue est divisée en deux dimensions (max 50 points par partie). Pour la dimension 1 ; la moyenne pour l'impact de la maladie est de 29.00 (ÉT 5.63). Pour la dimension 2 ; la moyenne de l'aggravation de la vulnérabilité, est de 34.26 (ÉT 10.25). Des corrélations exploratoires montrent que l'âge, la durée des soins, le genre sont associées avec une diminution de la qualité de vie ou l'aggravation de la vulnérabilité perçue. Conclusion : Malgré les limites de la présente étude qui sont liées à la petitesse de l'échantillon, les résultats sont conciliables avec les écrits antérieurs. Il serait judicieux de poursuivre des recherches sur ce sujet afin d'approfondir et d'affiner les représentations utiles au renforcement du rôle infirmier auprès des proches aidants d'une part et des autres professionnels du réseau de soin d'autre part, ceci dans le but de favoriser la promotion de la santé auprès des proches aidants qui sont un maillon indispensable dans la chaîne des soins.

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OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess 4th year radiology residents' perception of the optimal imaging modality to investigate neoplasm and trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven 4th year radiology residents from four residency programs were surveyed. They were asked about the best imaging modality to evaluate the brain and spine, lungs, abdomen, and the musculoskeletal system. Imaging modalities available were MRI, CT, ultrasound, PET, and X-ray. All findings were compared to the ACR appropriateness criteria. RESULTS: MRI was chosen as the best imaging modality to evaluate brain, spine, abdominal, and musculoskeletal neoplasm in 96.3%, 100%, 70.4%, and 63% of residents, respectively. CT was chosen by 88.9% to evaluate neoplasm of the lung. Optimal imaging modality to evaluate trauma was CT for brain injuries (100%), spine (92.6%), lung (96.3%), abdomen (92.6%), and major musculoskeletal trauma (74.1%); MRI was chosen for sports injury (96.3%). There was agreement with ACR appropriateness criteria. CONCLUSION: Residents' perception of the best imaging modalities for neoplasm and trauma concurred with the appropriateness criteria by the ACR.

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This study was aimed to analyze and assess the use and perception of electronic health records (EHRs) by nurses. The study sample included 113 nurses from different shifts of primary health facilities in Catalonia, Spain, devoted to adult as well as pediatric outpatients using EHRs throughout the year 2010. A majority of the sample (87.5%) were women and 12.5% were men. The average age was 44.27 years and the average time working in primary healthcare was 47.15 months. A majority (80.4%) received specific training on the use of the EHR and 19.6% did not. The use of the application required side technical support (mean: 3.42) and it is considered necessary to learn more about the performance of the application (mean: 3.50). The relationship between the average ratings that nurses have about the EHR and age shows that there is no statistically significant linear relationship (r = - 0.002, p-value = 0.984). As to how long they have used the EHRs, there are significant differences (r= -0.304, p-value = 0.00), so the more time the nurse takes using the EHR, the greater degree of satisfaction is shown. In addition, there are significant differences between nurses" perceptions regarding the EHR and gender (t = - 0.421, p-value = 0.675). Nurses assessed as positive the contribution of the EHRs in their nursing care day work (average score: 2.55/5). Considering that the usability of the EHR device is assessed as satisfactory, the results of the perception of nurses show that we must also take into account the training and emphasize the need for a side technical support in the implementation process of the EHR. Doing so, the positive perception that nurses have in regard to information and communication technology in general and with respect to the EHR in particular may be increased.

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This study was aimed to analyze and assess the use and perception of electronic health records (EHRs) by nurses. The study sample included 113 nurses from different shifts of primary health facilities in Catalonia, Spain, devoted to adult as well as pediatric outpatients using EHRs throughout the year 2010. A majority of the sample (87.5%) were women and 12.5% were men. The average age was 44.27 years and the average time working in primary healthcare was 47.15 months. A majority (80.4%) received specific training on the use of the EHR and 19.6% did not. The use of the application required side technical support (mean: 3.42) and it is considered necessary to learn more about the performance of the application (mean: 3.50). The relationship between the average ratings that nurses have about the EHR and age shows that there is no statistically significant linear relationship (r = - 0.002, p-value = 0.984). As to how long they have used the EHRs, there are significant differences (r= -0.304, p-value = 0.00), so the more time the nurse takes using the EHR, the greater degree of satisfaction is shown. In addition, there are significant differences between nurses" perceptions regarding the EHR and gender (t = - 0.421, p-value = 0.675). Nurses assessed as positive the contribution of the EHRs in their nursing care day work (average score: 2.55/5). Considering that the usability of the EHR device is assessed as satisfactory, the results of the perception of nurses show that we must also take into account the training and emphasize the need for a side technical support in the implementation process of the EHR. Doing so, the positive perception that nurses have in regard to information and communication technology in general and with respect to the EHR in particular may be increased.

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OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes symptom perception by parents and healthcare professionals and the quality of symptom management in a pediatric palliative home care setting and identifies which factors contribute to a high quality of palliative and end-of-life care for children. METHODS: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, parents were surveyed at the earliest three months after their child's death. All children were cared for by a specialized home pediatric palliative care team that provides a 24/7 medical on-call service. Questionnaires assessed symptom prevalence and intensity during the child's last month of life as perceived by parents, symptom perception, and treatment by medical staff. The responses were correlated with essential palliative care outcome measures (e.g., satisfaction with the care provided, quality-of-life of affected children and parents, and peacefulness of the dying phase). RESULTS: Thirty-eight parent dyads participated (return rate 84%; 35% oncological disorders). According to parental report, dyspnea (61%) and pain (58%) were the dominant symptoms with an overall high symptom load (83%). Pain, agitation, and seizures could be treated more successfully than other symptoms. Successful symptom perception was achieved in most cases and predicted the quality of symptom treatment (R 2, 0.612). Concordant assessment of symptom severity between parents and healthcare professionals (HCPs) improved the satisfaction with the care provided (p = 0.037) as well as the parental quality-of-life (p = 0.041). Even in cases with unsuccessful symptom control, parents were very satisfied with the SHPPC team's care (median 10; numeric rating scale 0-10) and rated the child's death as highly peaceful (median 9). Significance of the results: The quality and the concordance of symptom perception between parents and HCPs essentially influence parental quality-of-life as well as parental satisfaction and constitute a predictive factor for the quality of symptom treatment and palliative care.

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Il faut distinguer timing pubertaire objectif (TPO ; comparaison du timing pubertaire réel d'un sujet avec celui d'un groupe de référence) et timing pubertaire subjectif (TPS ; perception subjective par le sujet de son timing pubertaire par rapport à celui de ses pairs). Chez l'adolescente, la ménarche est couramment utilisée comme marqueur du TPO. La littérature s'intéressant aux variations physiologiques (normales) du timing pubertaire montre qu'un TPO précoce est corrélé chez les adolescentes avec de nombreux problèmes de santé (p.ex. dépression, abus de substances, comportements à risques, niveau d'études inférieur). Un TPO tardif chez l'adolescente serait quant à lui associé à une meilleure réussite scolaire. Les diverses hypothèses expliquant ces corrélations sont brièvement décrites dans notre travail. Certaines hypothèses impliquent des facteurs objectifs tels les changements du corps à la puberté, alors que d'autres privilégient des facteurs plus subjectifs, dans le registre de la perception de soi. A ce jour, la littérature ne s'est que très peu intéressée au TPS en soi. Une adolescente percevant son timing pubertaire comme précoce est-elle à risque même si sa puberté survient objectivement au même âge que la majorité de ses pairs ? L'objectif de ce travail est de rechercher d'éventuelles corrélations entre TPS et adoption de comportements à risque chez des adolescentes rapportant un TPO dans la moyenne. Nos données proviennent de l'enquête SMASH 2002, une étude par questionnaire auto-administré conduite parmi un échantillon de 7548 adolescentes et adolescents suisses âgés de 16-20 ans. Des 3658 adolescentes de l'échantillon initial, nous ne sélectionnons que les 1003 d'entre elles qui ont répondu à la question sur le TPS et qui ont rapporté un âge à la ménarche de 13 ans, soit la moyenne et la médiane de l'âge à la ménarche rapporté par les 3658 adolescentes de l'échantillon initial. Ces 1003 adolescentes sélectionnées sont considérées comme ayant un TPO dans la moyenne. Ces 1003 adolescentes sont séparées en 3 groupes en fonction de leur TPS (précoce/correspondant à la moyenne/tardif). A l'aide d'analyses bivariées et logistiques, nous comparons ces 3 groupes en termes d'adoption de comportements à risque dans le champ de la sexualité (précocité des rapports sexuels) et dans celui de la consommation de substances (tabac, cannabis, drogues dures). Nos résultats montrent principalement qu'une perception de précocité pubertaire est associée avec une précocité des premiers rapports sexuels et de l'usage de drogues dures. A l'inverse, les adolescentes percevant leur puberté comme tardive rapportent moins fréquemment des rapports sexuels avant 16 ans que les adolescentes percevant leur puberté comme dans la moyenne. Les implications cliniques sont les suivantes : face à une adolescente percevant sa puberté comme étant ou ayant été précoce, le praticien devrait investiguer l'existence de comportements à risque même si la puberté survient ou est survenue à un âge similaire à ce qui est retrouvé chez la majorité des pairs. En effet, notre étude suggère que même si cette adolescente se trompe en percevant sa puberté comme précoce, la probabilité de comportements à risque est augmentée dans le champ de la sexualité et de la consommation de substances. Nos résultats suggèrent aussi que l'association retrouvée dans la littérature entre précocité objective de la puberté et comportements à risque chez les adolescentes n'est pas uniquement médiée par les changements corporels pubertaires mais qu'un facteur psychologique tel que la perception subjective est également impliqué.

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The objective of this master’s thesis was to examine how corporate values come true among the white-collar employees in the case organization. It was also studied if values were perceived similarly in the different departments. Impact of organizational position and education on value orientation was tested through hypotheses based on earlier values research. There are only few value scales available for measuring organizational values. The empirical study results indicate that personnel’s perception of organizational values can be measured statistically. When defining the scale it is utmost important to link the questions and claims close to the employees’ daily working environment. In this study, Work ethic appeared as the strongest organizational value reflecting respondents’ commitment to their duties. Related to corporate values, Performance was perceived as the strongest value and Emphasis on people the weakest. Value consensus between the departments varied. According to the previous research organizational position and educational level has an impact on value perceptions. In this study, employees in superior position or with higher education perceived organizational values to come true better than subordinates or employees with lower education. Empirical data (N=229) was collected by a web-based survey questionnaire among white-collar employees in the case organization in April 2008. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS programme.

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Catalan has drawn considerable attention given its impressive institutional support and increased usage since the restoration of the Generalitat of Catalonia. We report a study on 112 Catalan-speaking students who were administered the"subjective vitality questionnaire". Results show (and these are compared with reports 20 years ago) that it continues to gain momentum and status, even with the International stature of Spanish. The theoretical and pragmatic significance of these findings are discussed in terms of vitality"s role in shaping Language choices (Catalan vs. Castilian) in everyday communication as well as the societal level in forging Language policies for communicating in Catalan in business, political, educational, and media arenas

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The present paper shows an in-depth analysis of the evolution of floods and precipitation in Catalonia for the period 1981-2010. In order to have homogeneous information, and having in mind that not gauge data was available for all the events, neither for all the rivers and stream flows, daily press from a specific newspaper has been systematically analysed for this period. Furthermore a comparison with a longer period starting in 1900 has been done. 219 flood events (mainly flash flood events) have been identified for the period of 30 years (375 starting in 1900), 79 of them were ordinary, 117 of them were extraordinary and 23 of them were catastrophic, being autumn and summer the seasons with the maxima values. 19% of the events caused a total of 110 casualties. 60% of them died when they tried to cross the street or the stream. Factors like the evolution of precipitation, population density and other socio-economical aspects have been considered. The trend analysis shows an increase of 1 flood/decade that probably has been mainly due to inter-annual and intra-annual changes in population density and in land-use and land-cover.

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This thesis is an experimental study regarding the identification and discrimination of vowels, studied using synthetic stimuli. The acoustic attributes of synthetic stimuli vary, which raises the question of how different spectral attributes are linked to the behaviour of the subjects. The spectral attributes used are formants and spectral moments (centre of gravity, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis). Two types of experiments are used, related to the identification and discrimination of the stimuli, respectively. The discrimination is studied by using both the attentive procedures that require a response from the subject, and the preattentive procedures that require no response. Together, the studies offer information about the identification and discrimination of synthetic vowels in 15 different languages. Furthermore, this thesis discusses the role of various spectral attributes in the speech perception processes. The thesis is divided into three studies. The first is based only on attentive methods, whereas the other two concentrate on the relationship between identification and discrimination experiments. The neurophysiological methods (EEG recordings) reveal the role of attention in processing, and are used in discrimination experiments, while the results reveal differences in perceptual processes based on the language, attention and experimental procedure.