1000 resultados para Modelos de separação de efeitos
Resumo:
A significant observational effort has been directed to investigate the nature of the so-called dark energy. In this dissertation we derive constraints on dark energy models using three different observable: measurements of the Hubble rate H(z) (compiled by Meng et al. in 2015.); distance modulus of 580 Supernovae Type Ia (Union catalog Compilation 2.1, 2011); and the observations of baryon acoustic oscilations (BAO) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by using the so-called CMB/BAO of six peaks of BAO (a peak determined through the Survey 6dFGS data, two through the SDSS and three through WiggleZ). The statistical analysis used was the method of the 2 minimum (marginalized or minimized over h whenever possible) to link the cosmological parameter: m, and 0. These tests were applied in two parameterization of the parameter of the equation of state of dark energy, p = (here, p is the pressure and is the component of energy density). In one, is considered constant and less than -1/3, known as XCDM model; in the other the parameter of state equantion varies with the redshift, where we the call model GS. This last model is based on arguments that arise from the theory of cosmological inflation. For comparison it was also made the analysis of model CDM. Comparison of cosmological models with different observations lead to different optimal settings. Thus, to classify the observational viability of different theoretical models we use two criteria information, the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and the Akaike information criteria (AIC). The Fisher matrix tool was incorporated into our testing to provide us with the uncertainty of the parameters of each theoretical model. We found that the complementarity of tests is necessary inorder we do not have degenerate parametric spaces. Making the minimization process we found (68%), for the Model XCDM the best fit parameters are m = 0.28 0, 012 and X = 1.01 0, 052. While for Model GS the best settings are m = 0.28 0, 011 and 0 = 0.00 0, 059. Performing a marginalization we found (68%), for the Model XCDM the best fit parameters are m = 0.28 0, 012 and X = 1.01 0, 052. While for Model GS the best settings are M = 0.28 0, 011 and 0 = 0.00 0, 059.
Resumo:
A significant observational effort has been directed to investigate the nature of the so-called dark energy. In this dissertation we derive constraints on dark energy models using three different observable: measurements of the Hubble rate H(z) (compiled by Meng et al. in 2015.); distance modulus of 580 Supernovae Type Ia (Union catalog Compilation 2.1, 2011); and the observations of baryon acoustic oscilations (BAO) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by using the so-called CMB/BAO of six peaks of BAO (a peak determined through the Survey 6dFGS data, two through the SDSS and three through WiggleZ). The statistical analysis used was the method of the 2 minimum (marginalized or minimized over h whenever possible) to link the cosmological parameter: m, and 0. These tests were applied in two parameterization of the parameter of the equation of state of dark energy, p = (here, p is the pressure and is the component of energy density). In one, is considered constant and less than -1/3, known as XCDM model; in the other the parameter of state equantion varies with the redshift, where we the call model GS. This last model is based on arguments that arise from the theory of cosmological inflation. For comparison it was also made the analysis of model CDM. Comparison of cosmological models with different observations lead to different optimal settings. Thus, to classify the observational viability of different theoretical models we use two criteria information, the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and the Akaike information criteria (AIC). The Fisher matrix tool was incorporated into our testing to provide us with the uncertainty of the parameters of each theoretical model. We found that the complementarity of tests is necessary inorder we do not have degenerate parametric spaces. Making the minimization process we found (68%), for the Model XCDM the best fit parameters are m = 0.28 0, 012 and X = 1.01 0, 052. While for Model GS the best settings are m = 0.28 0, 011 and 0 = 0.00 0, 059. Performing a marginalization we found (68%), for the Model XCDM the best fit parameters are m = 0.28 0, 012 and X = 1.01 0, 052. While for Model GS the best settings are M = 0.28 0, 011 and 0 = 0.00 0, 059.
Resumo:
Dissertao, Mestrado, Contabilidade e Fiscalidade, Instituto Politcnico de Santarm, Escola Superior de Gesto e Tecnologia, 2016
Resumo:
A presente dissertao incide sobre o estudo dos efeitos do confinamento com materiais compsitos de polmeros reforados com fibras de carbono (CFRP) em pilares de estruturas de beto armado. A motivao para este estudo surge da necessidade de aprofundar conhecimentos acerca do comportamento dos pilares de beto reforados por confinamento com CFRP, uma vez que a sua aplicao apresenta uma crescente importncia, por exemplo, para aumento da resistncia e da ductilidade de estruturas de beto armado. Fez-se, inicialmente, uma breve reviso das tcnicas de reforo convencionais utilizadas em pilares de beto armado, com nfase no reforo exterior com polmeros reforados com fibras. A elevada resistncia trao, corroso e fadiga, o baixo peso volmico, a versatilidade e a diversidade dos sistemas comercializados com CFRP tornam este material muito competitivo para este tipo de aplicao. Na sequncia desse estudo, realizou-se uma reviso bibliogrfica acerca dos modelos de comportamento que permitem prever o desempenho de pilares de beto confinados com CFRP, sujeitos a esforos de compresso. Como forma de anlise desses modelos, desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta numrica em ambiente Mathworks - Matlab R2015a, que permitiu a obteno e posterior comparao dos diagramas de tenso-extenso descritos pelos modelos desenvolvidos por Manfredi e Realfonzo (2001), Ferreira (2007) e Wei e Wu (2011). Por fim, comparam-se os resultados experimentais de Paula (2003) e de Rocca (2007) com os dos modelos constitutivos referidos anteriormente, analisando-se tambm a influncia de vrios fatores na eficcia do confinamento, tais como o boleamento, o nmero de camadas de CFRP e a geometria da seco transversal. Foram ainda comparados e discutidos resultados relativos ao confinamento parcial de pilares. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os modelos analticos representam relativamente bem o andamento das curvas do beto confinado para seces circulares, quadradas e retangulares, verificando-se as principais discrepncias nestas duas ltimas tipologias de seco transversal, dada a dificuldade associada quantificao de parmetros associados ao seu comportamento (por exemplo, boleamento de arestas). No entanto, verificou-se igualmente que com um adequado boleamento de arestas (e consequente aumento da relao entre o raio de canto e a largura da seco de beto), bem como com um aumento do nmero de camadas de material compsito, possvel aumentar a tenso resistente e a extenso axial na rotura do beto compresso.
Resumo:
ALVES, Janana da Silva. Anlise comparativa e teste emprico da validade dos modelos CAPM tradicional e condicional: o caso das aes da Petrobrs. Revista Cincias Administrativas, Fotaleza, v. 13, n. 1, p.147-157, ago. 2007.
Resumo:
With the disorganized decentralization occurred in Brazil after the 1988 Constitution, municipalities have risen to the level of federal entities. This phenomenon became known as "municipalism" also brought some negative effects such as low capacity financial, economic and political of these entities. In the face of this reality , the municipalities sought in models of collaborative features to address public policy issues ultrarregionais, one of these models are the Public Consortia. Characterized as the organization of all federal entities that aim to solve public policy implementation alone that they could not, or spend great resources for such. This reality of the municipalities have an aggravating factor when looking at the situation in Metropolitan Regions (MRs). This is because the RMs has a historical process of formation that does not encourage cooperation, since that were created top-down during the military regime. Furthermore, the metropolitan municipalities have significant power asymmetries, localist vision, rigidity earmarked revenues, different scenarios conurbation, difficulty standardization of concepts and others that contribute to the vision of low cooperation of these metropolitan areas. Thus, the problem of this work is in the presence of collaborative arrangements, such as the Public Consortia in metropolitan areas, which are seen as areas of low cooperation. To elucidate this research was used for analysis the cases of CONDIAM/PB and Consrcio Grande Recife/PE, because they are apparently antagonistic, but with some points of similarity. The cases has as foundation the Theory of Common Resources, which provides the possibility of collective action through the initiative of individuals. This theory has as its methodology for analyzing the picture IAD Framework, which proposes its analysis based on three axes: external variables, the arena of action and results. The nature of the method of this research was classified as exploratory and descriptive. For the stage of date analysis, was used the method of document analysis and content, Further than of separation of the cases according to theur especificities. At the end of the study, noted that the CONDIAM/PB was a strategy of municipal government of Joao Pessoa to attract funds from the Federal Government for the purpose of to build a landfill, and over the years the ideology of cooperation was left aside, the prevailing view localist municipalities. In the case of Consrcio Grande Recife/PE, members act with some degree of cooperation, especially the collaborative aspect of the region, however, still prevails with greater strength the power of the state of Pernambuco in the decisions and paths of the consortium. Thus, was conclude that the Public Consortia analyzed are an experience of collaborative arrangement, from the initiative of members, as the theory of common resources says, but has not actually signed as a practice of collective action to overcome the dilemmas faced by metropolitan areas
Resumo:
Na senda do contexto legislativo de outros pases, tambm Portugal criou uma conjuntura legislativa, no mbito da Educao Especial, que consagrou a possibilidade de utilizao de produtos de apoio, como um recurso ao servio dos alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE). Entre outras iniciativas, o Ministrio da Educao lanou, em 2007, uma rede constituda por 25 centros, designados por Centro de Recursos TIC para Educao Especial (CRTIC) que, entre outras misses, so responsveis pela avaliao de alunos com NEE tendo em vista a implementao dos produtos de apoio na interveno educativa junto deste tipo de discentes. neste contexto que surge a proposta de, com o estudo aqui apresentado, investigar e compreender as prticas atualmente em curso nos CRTIC, nomeadamente no que respeita s estratgias e os modelos aplicados nas avaliaes de alunos com NEE, para efeitos de atribuio de produtos de apoio. O referencial terico que sustentou este estudo foi analisado considerando o contexto legislativo nacional e internacional, que enquadra a utilizao deste tipo de recursos junto destes alunos. Considermos ainda as classificaes existentes que caracterizam a diversidade dos produtos de apoio disponveis no mercado, tendo a presente investigao sido focada no mbito do aconselhamento tipicamente realizado pelos CRTIC. Por ltimo, fez-se uma reflexo acerca dos processos implicados na prestao de servios, analisando alguns indicadores de qualidade de servio aconselhados pela literatura da especialidade. Do ponto de vista metodolgico, e atendendo finalidade desta investigao, delineou-se uma estratgia que permitiu recolher dados provenientes de diferentes fontes, tendo-se desenvolvido um estudo do tipo survey, sustentado por um paradigma pluri-metodolgico, cujo corpus de anlise proveio da anlise documental de relatrios oficiais e de inquritos por entrevista e por questionrio. Estes ltimos foram aplicados a todo o universo dos CRTIC (25 centros), tendo-se obtido uma taxa de resposta de 100%. A anlise dos dados obtidos revelou que o processo de avaliao desenvolvido por estes centros j tem em conta alguns dos aspetos destacados na literatura, tais como: equipas multidisciplinares; tomada de deciso colaborativa e observao dos fatores ambientais do aluno. Porm, verifica-se que so escassos os CRTIC que disponibilizam um apoio sistemtico e continuo aos intervenientes educativos na fase de implementao/utilizao dos produtos atribudos. Sustentados na constatao deste facto, conceptualizmos e prototipmos uma proposta de uma plataforma de apoio avaliao e monitorizao dos produtos de apoio, designada por Rede NEE, que visa facilitar a comunicao entre os intervenientes. Esta proposta revela-se inovadora no modo como os pedidos podem ser realizados, contemplando ainda estratgias que podero facilitar a monitorizao dos produtos de apoio atribudos.
Resumo:
ALVES, Janana da Silva. Anlise comparativa e teste emprico da validade dos modelos CAPM tradicional e condicional: o caso das aes da Petrobrs. Revista Cincias Administrativas, Fotaleza, v. 13, n. 1, p.147-157, ago. 2007.
Resumo:
Neste trabalho obtm-se uma soluo analtica para a equao de adveco-difuso aplicada a problemas de disperso de poluentes em rios e canais. Para tanto, consideram-se os casos unidimensionais e bidimensionais em regime transiente com coeficientes de difusividade e velocidades constantes. A abordagem utilizada para a resoluo deste problema o mtodo de Separação de Variveis. Os modelos resolvidos foram simulados utilizando o MatLab. Apresentam-se os resultados das simulaes numricas em formato grfico. Os resultados de algumas simulaes numricas existem na literatura e puderam ser comparados. O modelo proposto mostrou-se coerente em relao aos dados considerados. Para outras simulaes no foram encontrados comparativos na literatura, todavia esses problemas governados por equaes diferenciais parciais, mesmo lineares, no so de fcil soluo analtica. Sendo que, muitas delas representam importantes problemas de matemtica e fsica, com diversas aplicaes na engenharia. Dessa forma, de grande importncia a disponibilidade de um maior nmero de problemas-teste para avaliao de desempenho de formulaes numricas, cada vez mais eficazes, j que solues analticas oferecem uma base mais segura para comparao de resultados.
Resumo:
Tese (doutorado)Universidade de Braslia, Faculdade de Educao, Programa de Ps-graduao em Educao, 2015.
Resumo:
A presente dissertao incide sobre o estudo dos efeitos do confinamento com materiais compsitos de polmeros reforados com fibras de carbono (CFRP) em pilares de estruturas de beto armado. A motivao para este estudo surge da necessidade de aprofundar conhecimentos acerca do comportamento dos pilares de beto reforados por confinamento com CFRP, uma vez que a sua aplicao apresenta uma crescente importncia, por exemplo, para aumento da resistncia e da ductilidade de estruturas de beto armado. Fez-se, inicialmente, uma breve reviso das tcnicas de reforo convencionais utilizadas em pilares de beto armado, com nfase no reforo exterior com polmeros reforados com fibras. A elevada resistncia trao, corroso e fadiga, o baixo peso volmico, a versatilidade e a diversidade dos sistemas comercializados com CFRP tornam este material muito competitivo para este tipo de aplicao. Na sequncia desse estudo, realizou-se uma reviso bibliogrfica acerca dos modelos de comportamento que permitem prever o desempenho de pilares de beto confinados com CFRP, sujeitos a esforos de compresso. Como forma de anlise desses modelos, desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta numrica em ambiente Mathworks - Matlab R2015a, que permitiu a obteno e posterior comparao dos diagramas de tenso-extenso descritos pelos modelos desenvolvidos por Manfredi e Realfonzo (2001), Ferreira (2007) e Wei e Wu (2011). Por fim, comparam-se os resultados experimentais de Paula (2003) e de Rocca (2007) com os dos modelos constitutivos referidos anteriormente, analisando-se tambm a influncia de vrios fatores na eficcia do confinamento, tais como o boleamento, o nmero de camadas de CFRP e a geometria da seco transversal. Foram ainda comparados e discutidos resultados relativos ao confinamento parcial de pilares. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os modelos analticos representam relativamente bem o andamento das curvas do beto confinado para seces circulares, quadradas e retangulares, verificando-se as principais discrepncias nestas duas ltimas tipologias de seco transversal, dada a dificuldade associada quantificao de parmetros associados ao seu comportamento (por exemplo, boleamento de arestas). No entanto, verificou-se igualmente que com um adequado boleamento de arestas (e consequente aumento da relao entre o raio de canto e a largura da seco de beto), bem como com um aumento do nmero de camadas de material compsito, possvel aumentar a tenso resistente e a extenso axial na rotura do beto compresso.
Resumo:
Seeds from legumes including the Glycine max are known to be a rich source of protease inhibitors. The soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (SKTI) has been well characterised and has been found to exhibit many biological activities. However its effects on inflammatory diseases have not been studied to date. In this study, SKTI was purified from a commercial soy fraction, enriched with this inhibitor, using anion exchange chromatography Resource Q column. The purified protein was able to inhibit human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and bovine trypsin. . Purified SKTI inhibited HNE with an IC50 value of 8 g (0.3 nM). At this concentration SKTI showed neither cytotoxic nor haemolytic effects on human blood cell populations. SKTI showed no deleterious effects on organs, blood cells or the hepatic enzymes alanine amine transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) in mice model of acute systemic toxicity. Human neutrophils incubated with SKTI released less HNE than control neutrophils when stimulated with PAF or fMLP (83.1% and 70% respectively). These results showed that SKTI affected both pathways of elastase release by PAF and fMLP stimuli, suggesting that SKTI is an antagonist of PAF/fMLP receptors. In an in vivo mouse model of acute lung injury, induced by LPS from E. coli, SKTI significantly suppressed the inflammatory effects caused by elastase in a dose dependent manner. Histological sections stained by hematoxylin/eosin confirmed this reduction in inflammation process. These results showed that SKTI could be used as a potential pharmacological agent for the therapy of many inflammatory diseases
Resumo:
Dissertao (mestrado)Universidade de Braslia, Programa de Ps-Graduao em Cincias da Sade, 2015.
Resumo:
With the disorganized decentralization occurred in Brazil after the 1988 Constitution, municipalities have risen to the level of federal entities. This phenomenon became known as "municipalism" also brought some negative effects such as low capacity financial, economic and political of these entities. In the face of this reality , the municipalities sought in models of collaborative features to address public policy issues ultrarregionais, one of these models are the Public Consortia. Characterized as the organization of all federal entities that aim to solve public policy implementation alone that they could not, or spend great resources for such. This reality of the municipalities have an aggravating factor when looking at the situation in Metropolitan Regions (MRs). This is because the RMs has a historical process of formation that does not encourage cooperation, since that were created top-down during the military regime. Furthermore, the metropolitan municipalities have significant power asymmetries, localist vision, rigidity earmarked revenues, different scenarios conurbation, difficulty standardization of concepts and others that contribute to the vision of low cooperation of these metropolitan areas. Thus, the problem of this work is in the presence of collaborative arrangements, such as the Public Consortia in metropolitan areas, which are seen as areas of low cooperation. To elucidate this research was used for analysis the cases of CONDIAM/PB and Consrcio Grande Recife/PE, because they are apparently antagonistic, but with some points of similarity. The cases has as foundation the Theory of Common Resources, which provides the possibility of collective action through the initiative of individuals. This theory has as its methodology for analyzing the picture IAD Framework, which proposes its analysis based on three axes: external variables, the arena of action and results. The nature of the method of this research was classified as exploratory and descriptive. For the stage of date analysis, was used the method of document analysis and content, Further than of separation of the cases according to theur especificities. At the end of the study, noted that the CONDIAM/PB was a strategy of municipal government of Joao Pessoa to attract funds from the Federal Government for the purpose of to build a landfill, and over the years the ideology of cooperation was left aside, the prevailing view localist municipalities. In the case of Consrcio Grande Recife/PE, members act with some degree of cooperation, especially the collaborative aspect of the region, however, still prevails with greater strength the power of the state of Pernambuco in the decisions and paths of the consortium. Thus, was conclude that the Public Consortia analyzed are an experience of collaborative arrangement, from the initiative of members, as the theory of common resources says, but has not actually signed as a practice of collective action to overcome the dilemmas faced by metropolitan areas
Resumo:
Para fazer face s exigncias da sociedade, as organizaes tm a necessidade de desenvolver esforos de modo a aumentar a sua performance, atravs de prticas de gesto estratgica de recursos humanos. Nesta dissertao iremos aprofundar o estudo do modelo proposto por Marr (2009) para explicar a Cultura Orientada para o Desempenho e demonstrar os efeitos que a cultura tem nos Sistemas de Gesto de Desempenho, utilizando os Modelos de Equaes Estruturais, atravs da anlise de respostas obtidas sobre 325 colaboradores de empresas portuguesas do sector pblico e privado. Desta anlise resultou a confirmao das quatro dimenses latentes de Cultura Organizacional propostas pelo autor, atravs da Anlise Factorial Confirmatria, revelando tambm a sua importncia e contributos diferenciados no Sistema de Gesto de Desempenho de uma organizao. De um modo geral, verificou-se que as dimenses da Cultura contribuem de forma positiva para o aumento da eficcia de um Sistema de Gesto de Desempenho, alinhado com o modelo conceptual proposto e enfatizando a importncia de se estudar as dimenses de Cultura e de Sistemas de Gesto de Desempenho de forma simultnea.